土木工程材料词汇汉英对照.doc

土木工程材料词汇_汉英对照AAtterberg limits阿太堡界线Austenite奥氏体BDams坝Degree Of saturation饱和度Specific surface比表面积specific gravity比重 surface tension表面张力glacial till冰渍Glass-fibre reinforced plastics玻璃纤维增强塑料Poissons ratio泊松比Portland cement波特兰水泥chemical composition化学成分settling of paste浆体的凝结hardening of paste整体的硬化types品种strength强度hydration水化fineness细度manufacture制造Portland cement，grades波特兰水泥的标号white and coloured白色和彩色波特兰水泥blast furnace波特兰高炉水泥ultra-highEarly-strength超高早强波特兰水泥low-heat blast furnace低热波特兰高炉水泥 low-heat低热波特兰水泥 waterproof防水波特兰水泥 sulphate-resisting抗硫酸盐波特兰水泥 rapid-hardening快硬波特兰水泥 ordinary普通波特兰水泥 extra-rapid-hardening特快硬波特兰水泥 air-entraning 引气波特兰水泥 hydrophobic 憎水波特兰本泥 Steel, stainless 不锈钢C Layered soil 层状土 Overconsolidation ratio 超固结比 (OCR) Quick clay 超灵敏度土 Sedimentation test 沉淀实验 Settlement 沉降 consolidation Settlement 固结沉降Immediate Settlement瞬时沉降prediction Settlement 预测沉降Recrystallisation重结晶Consistency index稠度指数Thixotropy触变性Falsework carpentry粗木工Quenching淬火Brittle fracture脆性断裂 DDarcys law达西定律Single crystals单晶Unit cell单位晶胞Weight unit单位重Thermal conductivity导热系数 Binder mixtures for roads 道路胶结料混合物 Equi-viscous temperature (evt)等粘滞温度(eVt) Eutectic低共熔 groundwater地下水 groundwater flow地下水流动 groundwater surface地下水面 Phreatic surface地下水位表面 Piezometric surface地下水位计表面 GeoTextiles地用织物 Lattice structures点阵结构 Electroplating电镀 Electrode potentlials电极电位 Electrons电子 Precipitation hardening淀析硬化 Heave, frost冻胀 Galvanising镀锌 Wrought steel锻钢 Polymorphic change多晶型变化F Reaction wood反作甩式木材 Tanking防潮解决 Protective coatings防护涂料(见腐蚀防护和 个别材料的条目)Nondestructive testing非破损性实验 pull-out test 拔出实验 ultrasonic pulse method 超声波脉冲法 break-off test 断裂实验 resonance method 共振法 penetration test 贯人实验hardness method 硬度方法Resolved shear stress分解剪应力 Efflorescence粉化Silt粉土 Corrosion腐蚀 steel 钢腐蚀 aluminium 铝腐蚀 copper 铜腐蚀Corrosion prevention腐蚀防护 commerclad steels工业等级钢的防腐蚀 alloys合金的防腐蚀Composites复合材料G Dry rot干腐 Steel钢 forgings 锻件 grades 钢号 heat treatment 热解决 castings 铸件 Tempering of steel钢的回火 Rusting of steel钢的生锈 Concrete, high strength高强混凝土 Anisotropy各向异性 Copolymers共聚物 Eutectoid共析Oedometer test固结实验Solid solutions固溶体 interstitial 间隙固溶体 substitutional 置换固溶体Piping管材Piping管涌grouts灌浆Darcy equation, extended广义达西方程见砖硅酸钙砖Filters. criterion for过滤体的准则0verburden stress过载应力0verheated steel过热钢HWater content含水量 optimum最佳含水量Welding焊接Macrostructure宏观结构Macrofabric宏观构造Slip滑移Slip bands滑移带Compounds化合物Loess黄土 Activity活性 Recovery恢复 Concrete混凝土 specification 分类 nondestructive testing 非破损性实验 flowing 流态混凝土 mix design 配合比设计 trial mixes 试配 admixtures 外加剂 fresh，properties of 新拌混凝土的性质 curing 养护 hardenedproperties of 硬化混凝土的性质 quality control 质量控制 constituents 组成 Deformation of concrete混凝土的变形 Poissons ratio 泊松比 timedependency 经时变形 shrinkage 收缩 modulus of elasticity 弹性模量specification of concrete混凝土的分类designed mixes设计混合料 prescribed mixes指定混合料 Workability of concrete混凝土的合易性 compacting factor test捣实因数实验 measurement测量 flowtable test流动桌实验 slump felt塌落度实验 V-B consistometer testV-B稠度实验 factors affecting影响合易性的因素Segregation of concrete混凝土的离析见砌块混凝土砌块Strength of concrete混凝土的强度 standard deviation标准离差 modulus of rupture断裂模量 tensile抗拉强度 compressive抗压强度 design mean设计平均强度 characteristic特性强度 factors influencing影响混凝土强度的因素 Durability of concrete混凝土的耐久性 weathering风化 chemical attack化学侵蚀 alkali-aggregate reactions碱集料反映 sulphate attack硫酸盐侵蚀 wear磨损 leaching溶析 permeability渗透性 volume changes体积变化 absorption吸水性 Shrinkage of concrete混凝土的收缩 drying干燥收缩 plastic塑性收缩 autogeneous自动收缩Deformation of concrete elastic混凝土的弹性变形Stability of concrete混凝土的稳定性 segregation 离析 bleeding 泌水Concreteproperties混凝土的性质 deformation 变形 workability 和易性 durability 耐久性 strength 强度 permeability 渗透性 shrinkage 收缩 stability 稳定性 Deformation of concrete creep混凝土的徐变变形 Curing of concrete混凝土的养护 Quality control of Concrete混凝土质量控制 standard deviation 标准离差 cumulative Bum control chart 累计控制图表 Shewart control chart谢瓦尔特控制图表JMechanical twining机械双晶作用Fletton brick机制砖Aggregates集料 coarse 粗集料 normal 普通集料 lightweight 轻集料 all-in 天然混合集料 fine 细集料 heavyweight 重集料Aggregate properties集料的性质 deformation变形 surface texture表面织构 equivalent mean diameter 当量平均直径moisture content 含水量 grading 级配 grading modulus 级配模量 porosity 孔隙率 types 品种 strength 强度 toughness 韧性 physical properties 物理性质 relative density 相对密度 shape 形状 hardness 硬度Filters，graded级配过滤体Varved clay季节性粘上Work hardening加工硬化Filters，loaded加载滤体Dilatancy剪胀性Glued laminated timber胶合木Binders胶结料 tars焦油胶结料 bitumens沥青胶结料Binder mixtures胶结料混合物 rubberised binders 掺橡胶的胶结料 emulsions 乳化胶结培料 cutbacks 稀释胶结料 pitchbitumen blends 碰煤沥青一沥青胶结料混合物Binder properties胶结料性质 stiffness modulus 刚度模量 chemical properties 化学性质 durability 耐久性softening point 软化点 physical properties 物理性质 adhesion 粘合性 penetration index 针入度指数Cross-linking交联Tar焦油Tarmacadam焦油碎石路Contact moisture接触水分steel structural结构钢Structural carpentry结构木工 marine work 海洋工程 constructional work 结构工程 Deformation of metals金属的变形 Plastic 塑性变形 elastic 弹性变形 Crystalline structure of metals金属的晶体结构 Tensile properties of metals金属的抗拉性质 definition 定义参见个别材料条目 alloyssteeI 合金和钢 Strengthening of metals金属的强化 Close packing紧密堆积 Grain boundary晶界 Grain晶粒 Grain structure晶粒结构 Grain growth晶粒生长 Polypropylene聚丙烯Poly(Vinyl acetate)聚醋酸乙烯酯Polymerisation聚合 Polymers聚合物 Definition 定义alleye聚合物 hybrids共和物 grouts灌浆 processing加工 fire behaviour可燃性 chain链 membranes膜 durability耐久性 viscoelasticity粘弹性 compounding配料 types品种 foams泡沫 cellular泡沫的多孔的 emulsions乳液乳化abbreviations缩写词additives添加剂 hydrocarbon烃类 network网状 fibres纤维 fibre-reinforced纤维增强 properties性质 creep徐变 adhesives黏合剂 bearings支承 textiles织物Durability of poymers聚合物的耐久性Concreie，polymer-modified聚合物改性混凝土Poly(vinyl chloride)聚氯乙烯Poly(tetrafluorethylene)聚四氟乙烯Polyamides聚酰胺Polyethylene聚乙烯Polyesters聚酯Uniformity coefficient均匀系数KAngle of shearing resoistance抗剪角 undrained 不排水的 residual 残余 effective，drained 有效的，排水的Shear strength抗剪强度 tests抗剪强度实验 in site现场抗剪强度Particle size distribution颗粒粒径分布Particle shape and texture颗粒形状和织物 Weldability可焊性 structural steel结构钢可焊性 a|uminium alloys铝合金可焊性A1r voids content空气孔隙含量Void ratio孔隙比 maximum and minimum最大和最小孔隙比Porosity孔隙度Porewater孔隙水Suction，porewater空隙水负压Porewater pressure孔隙水压力Control charts控制图表 cumulative sum累计控制图表LCumulative sum techniques累计技术Cold work冷加工Annealing after cold work冷加工后退火Asphalt沥青 fine cold精制冷沥青 mastic玛蹄酯compressed natural rock浓缩天然岩沥青 hot-rolled 热碾沥青Bituminous materials沥青材料 for roads道路用沥青材料 for waterproof coatings防水涂层用沥青材料 for hydraulic works水利工程用沥青材料Bituminous roadmaterials沥青道路材料 bases 底层 base course 垫层 wearing course 耐磨层Bitumen permittivity沥青的介电常数 Bituminous mixtures沥青混合物 analysis 分析 workability 和易性(施工度) durability 耐久性 strength 强度 flexibility 柔韧性 design 设计 performance tests 性能实验 Asphaltic concrete沥青混凝土 gravel砾石 Mechanical analysis力学分析 Critical void ratio临界孔隙比 Sulphate attack硫酸盐侵蚀 Aluminium铝 commercial grades 工业等级铝 Aluminium wrought alloys铝可锻合金 Aluminium casting alloys铝铸造合金MMartensite马氏体Marshall test马歇尔实验Capillary rise毛细管水上升Capillary fringe毛细管边沿 Capillary siphon毛细管虹吸 Capillary water毛细管水 Sensitivity敏感性 Mohr failure envelope摩尔破坏包络线Mohr diagram摩尔圆Stress of point某一点应力Timber木材 preservation 防腐 seasoning 干燥 moisture content 含水量 durability 耐久性 types 品种 strength 强度 infestation 侵害 defects 缺陷 cell structure 细胞结构 uses 应用Timber preservation木材的防腐 open tank application 敞箱作业 preservatives 防腐剂 pressure application 加压作业 steeping 浸泡 dipping 浸蘸 brush application刷涂作业 deluging 淹浸Preservatives for timber木材的防腐剂 tar oil焦油防腐剂 water-soluble水溶性防腐剂 organic solvent有机溶剂防腐剂Timber seasoning木材的干燥 air seasoning通风干燥 kiln drying窑干Cohesion木材的含水量 Conversion of timber术材的锯制 Durability of timber木材的耐久性 Strength of timber木材的强度 stress grading 应力等级 Infestation of timber木材的侵害 insects 昆虫侵害 fungal growth 真菌生长侵害 Defects in timber木材的缺陷 seasoning 干燥缺陷 chemical 化学缺陷 conversion 锯制缺陷 natural 天然缺陷 Knots木节N Nylon尼龙 Pest泥炭 Viscosity粘度 viscometers 粘度计 coefficient 粘度系数 penetration test针入度实验 Viscometers粘度计 standard tar 标准焦油粘度计 evi 等帖滞温度粘度计 sliding plate 滑板粘度计 capillary毛细管粘度计 torsion旋转粘度计 Clay粘土 quick 超灵敏粘土 marine 海洋粘土 Clay products粘土制品 见砖粘土砖Cohesion粘性PDrainage排水Filters，drainage排水过滤体Mix design配合比设计trial mixes 试配Swelling index膨胀系数pF valuepF值pH valuepH值Fatigue疲劳Boulders漂砾石Equilibrium diagrams平衡图 aluminium-magnesium 铝镁平衡图 aluminiumcopper 铝一铜平衡图 principles 平衡图原理 lead-tin 铅一锡平衡图 iron-carbon 铁一碳平衡图 copper-tin 铜一锡平衡图 copper-zinc 铜一锌平衡图 Steel，plain carbon普通碳钢QPaint漆Block砌块 size 尺寸 dimensional changes 尺寸变化 thermal conductivity 导热性 basic forms 基本型式 aggregate concrete 集混凝土砌块 aerated concrete 加气混凝土砌块 density 密度soldering耐久性 strength 强度 properties 性质 manufacture 制造 constituent materials 组成材料见砖砌体和砌块砌体砌块砌体Lead铅Brazing钎焊 Notch ductility切口延性Steel notch ductile切口延性钢 Etching侵蚀Canals渠道Curvature, coefficient曲率系数RHeat treatment热解决 steel铜的热解决 aluminium alIoys铝合金的热解决Thermal transmittance热传导率Thermosets热固性塑料 processing 加工Hot working热如工Thermoplastics热塑性塑料ThermaI resistance热阻Leaching溶析作用Density，bulk容量，密度 saturated 饱和容重 dry 干容重 submerged 淹没容重 natural 自然容重Creep蠕变 Emulsions乳液，乳化 emulsifying agents 乳化剂Head of water软焊softening point软化点 ring and ball test 环-球实验Softwoods软木S Triaxial compression apparatus三轴压缩仪Sand砂Sand asphalt砂性沥青 Sand mastic砂性玛碲脂 Flash point闪点 Cementite渗碳体Permeability coefficient渗透系数Permeability渗透性Permeability，test for渗透性实验Wet corrosion湿腐蚀Wet rot湿腐朽Age hardening时效硬化Trees树 classification 分类 conversion 锯制 growth structure 生长结构 cellular structure 细胞状结构Water水Hydraulic gradient水力梯度Cement水泥 Portland波特兰水泥 supersulphated超硫酸盐水泥 high-alumina高铝水泥 pozzolanic火山灰质水泥 slag矿渣水泥 types品种Head of water水头 Relaxation松弛Plastics塑性（参见聚合物和个别材料条目) pipe 管材塑料 structure 结构用塑料 coatings 涂料塑料 Plastic limit塑限 Plasticity index塑性指数Shrinkage limit缩限T Elasticity弹性 Modulus of elasticity弹性模量 E1wtomers弹性体 Carbonation碳化作用 Steel for specific uses特殊用途钢 cladding 包覆用钢 high tensile bolts 高抗拉力螺栓用钢 concrete reinforcement 混凝土钢筋 bridge wire 桥梁用钢丝 railways 铁路用钢 prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土用钢Filler填料Fill填土Ferrite铁素体Copper铜Terrain diagram透视图Coatings涂料soil土 transported 搬运土 residual 残积土 exploration 勘探 description 描述Swelling and monswelling膨胀和非膨胀土壤origin土的起源stabilisation稳定作用field identification现场鉴定 colour颜色 organic有机的土Soil profile土的剖面Compaction of soils土的压实Classification system for soil土分类系统Chemical content of soils土化学组成含量Compressibility of soil structure土结构的压缩性Annealing退火WAdmixtures外加剂 superplasticisers 超塑化剂 accelerating agents 促凝剂 water-repelling agents 防水剂 retarders 缓凝剂 pozzolanas 火山灰 water-reducets 减水剂 plasticisers 塑化剂 pore fillers 填充剂 pigments 颜料 air-entraining agents 引气剂 bonding agents 粘结剂 Microstructure微观结构 Microfabric微细构造造 Dislocations位错 Unconfined compression strength无侧限抗压强度XTin锡Cutbacks稀释Finishing joinery细木工 Field identification现场鉴定Phases相relative density相对密度见平衡图相图Zinc锌Heartwood心材green timber新鲜木材Creep徐变YCompression压缩 constrained侧限压缩 elastic弹性压缩Compressibility压缩性 coefficient of volume 体积压缩系数 coefficient 压缩系救Compression index压缩指数Rooks岩石 metamorphic 变质岩 igneous 火成岩 sedimentary 水成岩Geotechnology岩土工程学Ductility延性Ductile fracture延性断裂Anodising阳极氧化Youngs modulus杨氏模量 soil 土的杨氏模量 brick 砖的杨氏模量oxidation氧化Oxidised bitumen氧化沥青 jointing 结合 additives 添加剂Liquid limit液限Liquidity index液性指数Consolidation one-dimensional一维固结 Frost susceptibility易冻性 Cathodic protection阴极保护 structural steel结构钢阴极保护 buried steel pipes土埋钢管阴极保护 principles原理Stress grading应力等级 Stress path应力轨迹 Obliquity of stress应力倾斜角 Stress-strain relationship应力应变关系 Deformation of concrete factory influencing影响混凝土徐变的因素 Pitch硬沥青 Hardwoods硬木 Effective stress有效应力 Precosolidation stress预先固结应力ZAdhesives粘合剂Fire point着火点Fungal decay真菌腐朽Fungal growth真菌生长Penetration test针入度实验Penetration index针入度指数Normalising正火Textiles织物Fahric structures织物结构Clay brick-making制砖粘土Pearlite珠光体Principal stress主应力Castings铸件Cast iron铸铁Brick砖 size 尺寸 firing 煅烧 classification 分类 calcium silicate 硅酸钙砖 compressive strength 抗压强度 density 密度 durability 耐久性 strength 强度 thermal properties 热的性质 Water absorption 吸水性 properties 性质 raw materials 原材料 manufacture 制造 clays for making 制砖粘土