1、2024 年 2 月第 57 卷第 2 期烟草科技Tobacco Science&TechnologyFeb.2024Vol.57 No.2摘要:为准确评价四川烟区植烟土壤质量,采集四川省烟田土壤样品,通过构建最小数据集计算土壤质量指数,并使用障碍因子诊断模型明确主要障碍因子。结果表明:根据相关分析、主成分分析和Norm值计算结果,筛选碱解氮、pH值、氯离子、酸性磷酸酶、速效钾、容重、有效铁和脲酶8项评价指标进入最小数据集。根据总数据集计算的土壤质量指数(总数据集土壤质量指数,SQITDS)与根据最小数据集计算的土壤质量指数呈极显著(P0.01)正相关;随机森林分类算法计算结果表明,最小数据集
2、评价指标可对根据SQITDS划分的土壤质量档次进行分类,分类准确率为97.3%,说明该最小数据集可代替总数据集对植烟土壤质量进行评价。四川省各县(市、区)的植烟土壤质量指数平均值分布在45.7665.36之间,除喜德县和普格县外,其他植烟县(区、市)的土壤质量指数平均值均大于50.00;四川省植烟土壤质量提升的主要障碍因子为总孔隙度、容重、水溶态钙、水溶态镁和有效铁。关键词:植烟土壤;土壤质量;主成分分析;最小数据集;障碍因子中图分类号:S151文献标志码:A文章编号:1002-0861(2024)02-0045-09收稿日期:2023-11-08录用日期:2023-12-15基金项目:中国烟
3、草总公司重点研发项目“植烟土壤健康评价体系构建及应用”(11202102037);四川省烟草公司科技项目“植烟土壤健康评价体系构建及应用”(SCYC202103)。第一作者:张恒(1998),男,硕士研究生,从事烟田土壤保育与光谱遥感分析。E-mail:*通信作者:冯长春(1977),男,硕士,农艺师,从事烟草栽培研究。E-mail:;梁太波(1981),男,博士,研究员,从事烟草栽培、生理生化研究。E-mail:引用本文:张恒,张艳玲,许亚东,等.基于最小数据集的植烟土壤质量评价及障碍因子诊断 J.烟草科技,2024,57(2):45-53.(ZHANG Heng,ZHANG Yanling
4、,XU Yadong,et al.Quality assessment and obstacle factor diagnosis of tobacco plantingsoil based on minimum data set J.Tobacco Science&Technology,2024,57(2):45-53.DOI:10.16135/j.issn1002-0861.2023.0720)基于最小数据集的植烟土壤质量评价及障碍因子诊断张恒1,张艳玲1,许亚东2,冯文强3,江鸿3,戴华鑫1,翟振1,冯长春*3,梁太波*11.中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,郑州高新技术产业开发区枫杨街2号
5、4500012.郑州大学农学院,郑州市高新区科学大道157号4500663.四川省烟草科学研究所,成都市武侯区世纪城路 936号610041Quality assessment and obstacle factor diagnosis of tobacco planting soilbased on minimum data setZHANG Heng1,ZHANG Yanling1,XU Yadong2,FENG Wenqiang3,JIANG Hong3,DAI Huaxin1,ZHAI Zhen1,FENG Changchun*3,LIANG Taibo*11.Zhengzhou To
6、bacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China2.School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450066,China2.Sichuan Institute of Tobacco Science,Chengdu 610041,ChinaAbstract:In order to accurately evaluate the quality of tobacco planting soil in Sichuan Province,tobacco pla
7、nting soil samples were collected.The soil quality index was calculated by developing aminimum data set.The diagnostic model of obstacle factors was used to identify the main obstaclefactors.The results showed that:1)According to the results of correlation analysis,principalcomponentanalysisandNormv
8、aluecalculation,eightevaluationindicatorsincludingalkali-hydrolytic nitrogen,pH value,chloride ion,acid phosphatase,available potassium,bulk density,2024 年烟草科技available iron and urease were selected in the minimum data set.2)The soil quality index calculatedby the total data set(Total data set soil
9、quality index,SQITDS)was significantly(P德昌县西昌市叙永县盐边县米易县冕宁县越西县古蔺县珙县兴文县会理市筠连县会东县仁和区喜德县普格县。其中,除会东县和盐边县植烟土壤质量指数变异系数大于20.00%外,其他各县(市、区)植烟土壤质量指数变异系数均小于20.00%。2.5植烟土壤障碍因子分析由图2可知,四川省植烟土壤物理和化学指标障碍度在3.19%9.96%之间,四川省植烟土壤质量提升的主要障碍因子依次为总孔隙度(9.96%)、容重表3(续)注:*表示显著相关(P0.05),*表示极显著相关(P0.01)。表4植烟土壤质量评价总数据集和最小数据集的公因子方
10、差和权重Tab.4Common factor variances and weights of total dataset and minimum data set for quality assessment oftobacco planting soil指标pH值有机质全氮碱解氮有效磷速效钾水溶态钙水溶态镁氯离子有效铜有效锌有效铁有效锰容重总孔隙度水稳性团聚体土壤蛋白活性有机碳溶解性有机碳脲酶蔗糖酶过氧化氢酶酸性磷酸酶总数据集公因子方差0.8620.8890.9150.9180.5720.6710.7650.7430.4070.5770.5160.6940.6450.9550.9550.4
11、290.6070.8090.6130.7810.7430.5350.577权重0.0530.0550.0570.0570.0350.0410.0470.0460.0250.0360.0320.0430.0400.0590.0590.0270.0380.0500.0380.0480.0460.0330.036最小数据集公因子方差0.6440.7100.7350.2470.6970.6950.6240.514权重0.1320.1460.1510.0510.1430.1430.1280.106分组4分组5指标过氧化氢酶酸性磷酸酶指标有效铁水稳性团聚体0.151*0.124*速效钾-0.048过氧化氢
12、酶0.138*r为相关系数,*表示极显著相关(P德昌县西昌市叙永县盐边县米易县冕宁县越西县古蔺县珙县兴文县会理市筠连县会东县仁和区喜德县普格县,这与肖钰15在植烟土壤健康评价时发现古蔺县、叙永县植烟土壤健康指数平均值高于会东县植烟土壤健康指数平均值的结果相符。4结论根据相关分析、主成分分析和Norm值计算的结果构建了四川省植烟土壤质量评价的最小数据集,该数据集由碱解氮、pH值、氯离子、酸性磷酸酶、速效钾、容重、有效铁和脲酶8项指标构成。相关分析结果表明,根据最小数据集与总数据集计算的土壤质量指数呈极显著正相关。随机森林分类算法计算结果表明,最小数据集评价指标可对根据总数据集土壤质量指数划分的土
13、壤质量档次进行分类,分类准确率为97.3%。四川省各县(市、区)植烟土壤质量指数平均值在45.7665.36之间,除喜德县和普格县外,其他植烟县(区、市)的土壤质量指数平均值均大于50.00。整体来看,四川省植烟土壤质量提升的主要障碍因子为总孔隙度、容重、水溶态钙、水溶态镁和有效铁。参考文献1 张江周,李奕赞,李颖,等.土壤健康指标体系与评价方法研究进展 J.土壤学报,2022,59(3):603-616.ZHANG Jiangzhou,LI Yizan,LI Ying,et al.Advancesin the indicator system and evaluation approache
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