第六届深圳市中学生模拟联合国英语大赛之如何书写决议草案？.docx

第六届深圳市中学生模拟联合国英语大赛之如何书写决议草案？
HOW TO WRITE A DRAFT RESOLUTION ？
如何书写决议草案？
I/ What Is A Resolution?  Before an MUN Conference, you write one or two draft resolutions. The issues of the resolutions can be found in the agenda of the conference. With a draft resolution in your hand, you will participate actively during the debates.
   A resolution is initially a formal statement of a proposal to a UN Council, Committee or Commission. It consists of one long, but coherent, sentence divided into clauses and sub-clauses. A resolution should not represent the position of one country but rather of a majority of the UN member states.  
II/ How to Write A Resolution? The language of a UN resolution is very formal, diplomatic and somewhat legalistic. In order to help you, please read the 4 following questions: 
 A/ what is the preamble? 
The preamble is the introduction of the resolution. It contains the background and the argumentation to the issue you have chosen. 
 B/ How to write the preambulatory clauses(序言性条款)? 
You will write your references to former UN resolutions, ratified conventions, and/or declarations.
  You will provide official figures, the most recent ones possible, to illustrate the issue. 
You will congratulate countries and/or organizations (i.e. UN organizations, NGOs) which have worked on the issue.
You will emphasize the difficulties that have been encountered in the past
You will need to begin the perambulatory clauses with a present or a past participle or an adjective. See the following list: 
PREAMBULATORY PHRASES
Acknowledging
 Affirming
Alarmed by
 Approving
 Aware of
 Believing
 Bearing in mind
 Confident
Congratulating
Convinced
 Declaring
Deeply concerned
 Deeply conscious
 Deeply disturbed
Deeply regretting
 Deploring
 Desiring Emphasizing 
Expecting
Expressing its appreciation Expressing its satisfaction Fulfilling
Fully alarmed
Fully aware
Fully believing
 Further deploring
Further recalling
 Guided by
 Having adopted
 Having considered
 Having devoted attention Having examined
Having received
 Having studied
 Keeping in mind
 Noting further
Noting with appreciation Noting with approval
Noting with deep concern Noting with regret
Noting with satisfaction Observing
Pointing out
Reaffirming
Realizing
Recalling
Recognizing
Referring
Reminding
 Seeking
Taking into account
 Taking into consideration Viewing with appreciation Welcoming

  C/ What are the operative clauses（行动性条款）?  
The operative clauses contain the policy statements of the body making the resolution. The clauses should be clear and unambiguous. They present by order of importance what the UN should do or what attitude it should adopt. 
D/ How to write the operative clauses?
This question is the most difficult one. You must ensure that your proposals are actually workable and that they fully reflect the existing policies of the country or agency that you represent.
You encourage, and/or invite countries to sign/ratify a convention/declaration.
You may propose, welcome or deplore all new situations.
You may support, congratulate or refuse new proposals. You may confirm, regret what it is already existing.
  You have to begin the operative clauses with verbs in the third person singular of the Present Tense. See the following list. 
OPERATIVE PHRASES
Accepts
Affirms
Approves
Asks
Authorizes
Calls for
Calls upon
Congratulates
Confirms
Declares accordingly
Deplores
Designates
Encourages
Endorses
Expresses its satisfaction Expresses its hope
Further recommends
Hopes 
Invites
Proclaims
Proposes  
Recommends 
Regrets
Requests
Resolves
Seeks
Strongly affirms
Strongly urges
Suggests
Supports
Trusts
Transmits
 Urges 

           Rather than just borrowing/copying clauses from UN resolutions or resolutions from previous conferences, you will be in a much better position to defend and debate during the conference if you write your own resolution from scratch. 
III/ How To Present A Resolution?
The heading, which appears on each page, must state specific information: 
FORUM: you write down the forum you belong to. 
QUESTION OF: you copy the issue of the resolution. 
SUBMITTED BY: you write down the name of your delegation country or organization.

The opening verb of each clause is underlined. 
There is a line-space between each clause. 
The lines of the resolution are NOT numbered. 
Each operative clause IS numbered. 
The sub-clauses begin with a), b), c), etc.; sub-sub-clauses begin with i), ii), iii), etc. 
Acronyms and abbreviation are written out in full the first time they are used. 
Each preambulatory clause is followed by a comma. 
Each operative clause is followed by a semicolon.  
There is only one full stop, that is, at the END of the resolution. 
Do make sure that you not only take a number of hard copies of your draft resolution but also an electronic version (e.g. USB, flashdisk, iPod, etc.) 
You should have enough copies to distribute to other members of his forum during the lobbying process.    

A SAMPLE RESOLUTION
FORUM: GENERAL ASSEMBLY 
QUESTION OF: Peace, security and reunification on the Korean peninsula 
SUBMITTED BY: ____________________________________________________ 
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 55/11 of 31 October 2000, in which it welcomed and supported the inter-Korean summit and the joint declaration adopted on 15 June 2000 by the two leaders of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea, 
        Reaffirming the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations regarding the maintenance of international peace and security, 
        Convinced that inter-Korean dialogue and cooperation are essential for consolidating peace and security on the Korean peninsula and also contribute to peace and stability in the region and beyond, inconformity with the purposes and principles of the Charter, 
        Recognizing that the summit held in Pyongyang from 2 to 4 October 2007 between the two leaders  and their Declaration on the Advancement of North-South Korean Relations, Peace and Prosperity represent a major milestone in improving inter-Korean relations,  
        Recalling the statements welcoming the inter-Korean summit made on 1 October 2007 by the Secretary-General and the President of the General Assembly, and recalling also the statement welcoming the adoption of the Declaration made on 4 October 2007 by the Secretary-General, 
1. Welcomes and supports the inter-Korean summit held from 2 to 4 October 2007 and the Declaration on the Advancement of North-South Korean Relations, Peace and Prosperity adopted on 4 October 2007 by the two leaders of  the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea; 
2. Encourages the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea to implement the Declaration fully and in good faith, thereby consolidating peace on the Korean peninsula and laying a solid foundation for peaceful reunification; 
3. Invites Member States to continue to support and assist, as appropriate, the process of inter-Korean dialogue, reconciliation and reunification so that it may contribute to peace and security not only on the Korean peninsula but also in north-east Asia and the world as a whole.