2016届高考英语第二轮复习冲刺演练5.doc

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第5练　完形填空＋阅读理解＋任务型阅读＋书面表达
Ⅰ.完形填空
体裁：夹叙夹议文　话题：学习方法　词数：296　时间：16′
Everybody knows how to learn.Learning is a natural thing.It begins the __1__ we are born.Our first teachers are our families.At home we learn to talk and to __2__ and feed ourselves.We learn these and other skills by __3__．
Then we go to school.A teacher tells us __4__ to learn and how to learn.Many teachers teach us，and we pass many exams.Then people say we are __5__．
Are we really educated？Let's __6__ the real meaning of learning.Knowing facts does not __7__ being able to solve problems.Solving problems requires creativity，not just a good __8__．Some people who don't know many __9__ can also be good at solving problems.
Henry Ford is a good __10__．He left school at the age of 15.Later，when his company could not build cars __11__ enough，he solved the problem.He __12__ of the assembly line.Today the answer seems __13__．Yet，just think of the many university graduates who __14__ solve any problems.
What does a good teacher do？Does he __15__ students facts to remember？Well，yes，we must sometimes remember facts.But a good teacher __16__ how to find answers.He brings us to the stream of knowledge so we can think for ourselves.When we are __17__，we know where to go.
True learning combines intake with output.We take information __18__ our brains.Then we use it.Think of a __19__；it stores a lot of information，but it can't think.It only obeys commands.A person who only remembers facts hasn't really learned.Learning takes __20__ only when a person can use what he knows.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要围绕“学习是怎么一回事”进行了探讨。
1．A.month B．minute C．time D．day
答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：学习从我们一出生就开始了。month意为“月”；minute意为“分钟”；time“时间”；day意为“日，天”。名词短语the minute作连词，引导时间状语从句时，意为“一……就……”，符合语境。故选B。]
2．A.wear B．put on C．have on D．dress
答案　D　[考查动词辨析。句意：在家里，我们学说话、学穿衣、学着自己吃饭。四个选项都有“穿，戴”之意。dress与空后的“ourselves”构成固定搭配，意为“穿衣服”。故选D。]
3．A.asking B．listening C．following D．drilling
答案　C　[考查动词辨析。句意：我们学会这些以及其他的技能都是通过模仿。ask意为“问”；listen意为“听”；follow意为“跟随，模仿”；drill意为“练习”。根据语境和常识可知，说话、吃饭、穿衣都是模仿而学得的。故选C。]
4．A.what B．when C．that D．who
答案　A　[考查连词辨析。句意：后来我们来到学校，老师告诉我们要学些什么，以及如何学。根据语境和常识可知，学校老师教授学生学习的内容和方法，所谓“传道授业解惑”。故选A。]
5．A.controlled B．educated
C．suffered D．passed
答案　B　[考查动词辨析。句意：于是，人们会说我们受过教育。control意为“控制”；educate意为“教育”；suffer意为“遭受，忍受”；pass意为“通过”。根据下句“Are we really educated？”可知，此处表示“受过教育”。故选B。]
6．A.pick up B．turn away
C．set out D．think about
答案　D　[考查动词短语辨析句意：让我们来仔细考虑一下学习的真正意义。pick up意为“拾起，学会”；turn away意为“转身离开”；set out意为“出发”；think about意为“考虑”。根据语境可知，此处表示“认真考虑、反思”。故选D。]
7．A.mean B．say C．suggest D．show
答案　A　[考查动词辨析。句意：知道一些事情并不意味着能够解决问题。mean意为“意味着”；say意为“说”；suggest意为“建议”；show意为“展示”。根据上句中的“the real meaning of learning”可知，此处表示“意味着”。故选A。]
8．A.word B．thing C．memory D．condition
答案　C　[考查名词辨析。句意：解决问题要求有创造力，而不仅仅是凭借良好的记忆力。word意为“单词”；thing意为“事情”；memory意为“记忆”；condition意为“条件，状况”。此处与上句中的“Knowing facts”相呼应，表示“良好的记忆力”。故选C。]
9．A.people B．facts
C．techniques D．ways
答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：一些并不博学的人也有很好的解决问题的能力。people意为“人”；fact意为事实”；technique意为“技术”；way意为“方法”。根据上文中的“Knowing facts”可知，答案选B。]
10．A.learner B．teacher C．example D．driver
答案　C　[考查名词辨析。句意：Henry Ford就是一个很好的例子。learner意为“学习者”；teacher意为“老师”；example意为“例子”；driver意为“司机”。根据上下文语境可知，此处作者举例说明。故选C。]
11．A.new B．fast C．beautiful D．cheap
答案　B　[考查形容词辨析。句意：后来，当他的公司不能足够快地生产汽车时，他解决了这个问题。new意为“新的”；fast意为“快地”；beautiful意为“漂亮的”；cheap意为“廉价的”。根据下句中的“the assembly line”可知，生产线大幅度地提高了生产力。由此推知，答案选B。]
12．A.complained B．heard
C．talked D．thought
答案　D　[考查动词辨析。句意：他想到了用生产线的方法解决生产率低的问题。complain of意为“抱怨”；hear of意为“听说”；talk of意为“谈起”；think of意为“想起”。根据上句中的“he solved the problem”可知，Ford想到了办法。故选D。]
13．A.ordinary B．strange C．simple D．special
答案　C　[考查形容词辨析。句意：今天看来，答案相当简单。ordinary意为“普通的”；strange意为“奇怪的”；simple意为“简单的”；special意为“特别的”。根据常识可知，现在这个问题已经不是问题了，相当简单。故选C。]
14．A.never B．almost C．seldom D．ever
答案　A　[考查副词辨析。句意：然而，想想许多大学生从来都不曾解决过任何问题吧，这样你就觉得Ford很了不起了。never意为“绝不”；almost意为“几乎”；seldom意为“很少”；ever意为“曾经”。根据本句中“Yet”的转折可知，此处与上文形成强烈对比。故选A。]
15．A.make B．understand C．master D．give
答案　D　[考查动词辨析。句意：他会给学生许多事实去记忆吗？make意为“制造，使得”；understand意为“理解”；master意为“掌握”；give意为“给”。根据下句中的“He brings us to the stream of knowledge...”可知此处是指“老师是否呈现一些事实给学生来记忆”。故选D。]
16．A.knows B．shows
C．orders D．encourages
答案　B　[考查动词辨析。句意：但是一个好的老师要展示的是如何去寻求答案。know意为“知道”；show意为“展现，显示，向……演示”；order意为“命令”；encourage意为“鼓励”。根据语境和常识可知，一个好的老师所要向学生展示的是学习的方法。故选B。]
17．A.thirsty B．tired C．bored D．free
答案　A　[考查形容词辨析。句意：当我们渴的时候，我们知道去哪里寻求水源。thirsty意为“渴的”；tired意为“累的”；bored意为“厌倦的”；free意为“自由的，免费的”。此处与上句比喻中的“the stream”相呼应，指“当我们渴的时候”。故选A。]
18．A.of B．for C．about D．into
答案　D　[考查介词辨析。句意：我们把信息输入我们的大脑。of意为“……的”；for意为“为了，对于”；about意为“关于”；into意为“进入”。此处与上句中的“intake”相呼应，指“将信息存入大脑”。故选D。]
19．A.radio B．computer C．record D．machine
答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：就像一台电脑。它能存储很多东西，但是它不能思考。radio意为“收音机”；computer意为“电脑”；record意为“纪录，唱片”；machine意为“机器”。根据下句“it stores a lot of information，but it can't think.It only obeys commands.”可知，此处是拿人脑和电脑作类比。故选B。]
20．A.measures B．notes
C．place D．time
答案　C　[考查名词辨析。句意：只有当一个人能够运用他所知道的知识时，学习这个过程才会发生。take measures意为“采取措施”；take notes意为“记笔记”；take place意为“发生”；take time意为“花时间”。take place符合语境。故选C。]
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
体裁：科普文　话题：科学世界　词数：360　时间：7′
Sir John，a British scientist who won last year's Nobel Prize for medicine，said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years，and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.
Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues，the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown，the first “test tube baby”．He said，“When my first frog experiments were done，an American reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans.I said，‘Well，it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years—how about 50 years？’It turned out that it wasn't far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin，and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”．
The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children，who are no longer fertile(能生育的)，to create another using the mother's eggs and skin cells from the first child，thinking the technique was safe and effective，is 60 per cent in favor.The reasons for “no” are usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。主要介绍了克隆人类或在未来50年内变成现实。
21．Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in ________ at most.
A．100 years B．60 years
C．50 years D．10 years
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years，and that ‘maybe the same answer is appropriate’ for the step to human cloning”可知，克隆人类或在未来50年内变成现实。故选C。]
22．According to the text，which statement is NOT true?
A．Louise Brown is the first “test tube baby”．
B．Human cloning is still a controversial topic.
C．Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.
D．Human cloning is creating something that didn't exist before.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown，the first ‘test tube baby’”可知，Louise Brown是第一个试管婴儿，所以A项正确；根据第二段第一句中的“Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues”可知，克隆人类仍然是一个存在争议的话题，所以B项正确；根据第二段Sir John所说的话“Well，it could be anywhere between...how about 50 years？”可知，他对未来克隆人类的发展是肯定的，所以C项正确。根据第二段最后一句“...doctors would therefore simply be ‘copying what nature has already produced’．”可知，克隆人类是复制已存在的人类，所以D项不正确。故选D。]
23．The underlined word “identical” probably means ________．
A．same B．special C．new D．clear
答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据本句中的“copying what nature has already produced”可知，identical意为“相同的，完全同样的”。故选A。]
24．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The life of Sir John.
B．Prediction on human cloning.
C．Views on human cloning.
D．Achievements in human cloning.
答案　B　[主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，Sir John预测克隆人类或在未来50年内变成现实，所以整篇文章在说明对克隆人类的预测。故选B。]
B
体裁：记叙文　话题：顺便造访　词数：370　时间：7′
I recently ran into a friend I hadn't seen for a long while.Our conversation was lively and full of news from both sides.Before we parted she said，“You'll have to drop in sometime.” I immediately sensed that if I simply “dropped in”，I would take my friend by surprise，and I would be discouraged by the image of her standing in her doorway，staring at me，and asking，“Oh，er...what brings you here？”
Whatever happened to the unannounced drop­in visit？When I was growing up in the 1960s，it seemed that people mostly relatives，but also friends were always popping__in．My parents would put coffee on，and my mom would find something in the kitchen to serve along with it.Then the conversation would begin...The neighbor lady，a worrier，was unloading her sadness while my mom quietly listened.The Irish man next door had such an accent that I remember asking what language he spoke.My Polish relatives arrived in packs...But I never heard my parents say anything like “We weren't expecting you” or “This isn't a good time.” Drop­in visitors had a certain right of way and became No.1.
What has happened to such visits？Actually I know the answer.Times have changed.Everybody gets busy with work.There is no longer a stay­at­home mom keeping a pot of hot coffee or tea ready throughout the day for a surprise guest.Booming malls and stores are now replacing homes as a central form of entertainment.
Just the other day a former student of mine showed up.“I'm sorry for the surprise visit.” My student began.“I just wanted to see if you still lived here.I'll only stay a minute.”
My response was immediate.“No，you won't，” I said.“Just come in，sit，have coffee，and we'll talk.”
I had nothing in the kitchen but we ordered pizza.And we had a lovely time.I have tried to keep the drop­in tradition alive though it takes some effort.
【语篇解读】　文章说明了顺便造访现象已经变得很少见，并分析了其中原因，分享了作者对此现象的一些感受。
25．The author regarded his friend's invitation—“ You'll have to drop in sometime” as ________．
A．a kind of politeness
B．an excuse of leaving
C．a nice way of refusal
D．an expression of surprise
答案　A　[推理判断题。由文中第一段第三句话“作者立刻感觉到如果自己真的顺便造访他的朋友，朋友会吓一跳，看着我问‘你有什么事么’”。可知作者的朋友并不是要邀请作者顺便造访，而是一句礼貌的回应。]
26．The underlined phrase “popping in” in the second paragraph means ________．
A．making many friends B．paying a sudden visit
C．having a good time D．making a special date
答案　B　[词义猜测题。由前文可知，popping in指的是drop­in visit，意思就是没有事先告知的突然造访，故选B。]
27．The woman from the neighborhood used to visit the author's home to ________．
A．meet new friends
B．seek comfort from my parents
C．listen to my parents' story
D．taste nice dishes
答案　B　[细节理解题。由文中第二段第五句可知“我邻居的一位女士是一个爱发愁的人，总向我妈妈倾诉她的伤心事，我妈妈安静的听着”。说明这位邻居来我家的目的是来找我妈妈寻求安慰的。]
28．From the third paragraph of the passage，we can infer that ________．
A．modern people prefer outdoor activities
B．unexpected visitors are still welcome now
C.the author misses the lost good days
D．there are more jobs for the housewives now
答案　C　[推理判断题。通读第三段，讲述的是顺便造访现象下降的原因，时代已经改变，人们都忙着工作，已经没有在家做好咖啡等待“不速之客”的妈妈了，商场正逐步取代家成为娱乐中心，再联系全文可知作者是很怀念有顺便造访的日子的。]
29．The author writes the passage intending to ________．
A．encourage people to be drop­in visitors
B．explain how to deal with unexpected visitors
C．show the importance of making friends
D．share his feelings about the drop­in tradition
答案　D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述了自己的亲身经历，感叹顺便造访现象现在已非常少见，第二段回忆了作者以前的美好生活，第三段分析了造成这种现象减少的原因，人们忙于工作忽视了人与人之间的交往，剩余部分讲述了一位学生顺便造访作者且二人度过了一段愉快的时间，感叹这种顺便造访的美好，整篇文章渗透作者对顺便造访的一种怀念，所以说作者是在分享他自己的感受。]
Ⅲ.下面文章中有5个段落需要添加小标题(第30～34题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)中选出适合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Make sure the respondent has enough information
B．Remember your survey's purpose
C．Keep your questions simple
D．Include only one topic per question
E．If in doubt，throw it out
F．Avoid leading questions
Write more effective survey questions
Naturally，no question is “good” in all situations，but there are some general rules to follow.Using these rules and examples will help you write useful questions.
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All other rules and guidelines are based on this one.There was a reason you decided to spend your time and money to do your survey，and you should ensure that every question you ask supports that reason.If you start to get lost while writing your questions，refer back to this rule.
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This is another way of stating the first rule，but it is important enough to repeat.A question should never be included in a survey because you can't think of a good reason to keep it.If you cannot come up with a concrete benefit that will result from the question，don't use it.
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Compound sentences force respondents to keep a lot of information in their heads，and are likely to produce unpredictable results.Example：“Imagine a situation where the production supervisor is away from the line，a series of defective parts is being manufactured，and you just heard that a new client requires ten thousand of these parts in order to make their production schedule.How empowered do you feel by your organization to stop the line and make the repairs to the manufacturing equipment？” This question is too complex for a clear，usable answer.Try breaking it down into components parts.
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How would you interpret the responses to “Please rate your satisfaction with the amount and kind of care you received while in the hospital.” or，a question asking about speed and accuracy？If you want to be able to come up with specific recommended actions，you need specific questions.
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Asking respondents “How effective has this company's new distribution program been？” may not be as effective as “Recently，we used a new distribution system.Did you know th