2015-2016学年高二英语下册综合检测练习题35.doc

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GRAMMAR
被动语态（一）
语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
★常用的几种时态的被动语态及含有情态动词的被动语态的构成形式
一般现在时
be (am / is / are) +过去分词
一般过去时
be的过去式 (was / were) +过去分词
一般将来时
will + be +过去分词
过去将来时
would + be +过去分词
现在进行时
be (am / is / are) + being +过去分词
过去进行时
be的过去式 (was / were) + being +过去分词
现在完成时
have / has + been +过去分词
过去完成时
had + been +过去分词
含有情态动词
情态动词+ be +过去分词
★动词不定式的被动式
【语境展示】 观察下面各句中动词不定式的被动式的用法，然后加以总结。
1. It’s nice to be wanted.
2. The books are to be sent to the young children.
3. She didn’t like to be treated as a child.
4. The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be a hard nut to crack.
5. They were shipped to America to be sold as slaves.
6. He didn’t want the subject to be mentioned in the letter.
7. Forty-one people are said to have been seriously hurt in the accident.
【自我归纳】
1. 当动词不定式与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系时，要用不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动形式有两种：①一般式的被动式：to be done（句1—句6）；②完成式的被动式：________ （句7）。
2. 动词不定式的被动式在句中可以作主语（句1）、表语（句2）、宾语（句3）、________（句4）、状语（句5）、宾语补足语（句6）、主语补足语（句7）。
【即学即练】
I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。
1. The book ________ (write) now and ________ (believe) to be popular with young children.
2. It has ________ (declare) that there are five students ________ (send) abroad for further study.
3. I remember ________ (tell) about the meeting ________ (hold) next month.
4. The child is happy ________ (leave) alone at home at weekends because he can play computer games freely.
5. There is a primary school ________ (build) soon in the village so a lot of building materials ________ (bring) here day and night. 
II. 用被动语态完成下面对话。
1. A：Thousands of people have been killed in the past few years because of drunk driving. I think some measures must be taken to handle it.
B：I couldn’t agree more. It is said that it has been put into Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China already, and ______________________ (以后酒驾者将会受到严惩).
A: In my opinion, another measure to be taken is to make the public understand the harm of drunk driving.
B: I’m afraid _______________ (这个问题不好处理), for it is a tradition in China to drink at dinners.
2. A: Lisa, I got caught in the traffic jam yesterday. You will never know how angry I was!
B: Oh, sorry to hear that. The transport in Beijing really needs to be improved.
A: Yes. A bus full of passengers had been stuck in the long queue for a long time. And the driver got shouted at by some passengers.
B: He is not to blame for it. ________________ (汽车的数量应该控制一下) and people should be requested to travel by public transport.
III. 用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。
Space Station Unity 1. ________ (complete) within the next decade, and international teams of astronauts will then be sharing quarters for long periods of time. What can 2. ________ (do) to improve living conditions in space? Here’s what former astronauts suggest:
Food
It doesn’t taste as good in zero gravity. Food should be made spicier in order for those effects 3. ________ (overcome). International tastes must also 4. ________ (consider).
Clothing
Layered clothing could help astronauts stay comfortable. The top layer should be designed 5. ________ (remove) or added as temperatures vary.
Sleeping
Because of weightlessness, sometimes sleep 6. ________ (disturb) in space. Comfortable restraints must be provided to give a sense of stability.
Emotional Needs
People need “down time” in space just as they do on Earth. Time ought to 7. ________ (provide) for relaxation and privacy.
参考答案
【自我归纳】 to have been done；定语
【即学即练】
I. 1. is being written; is believed      2. been declared; to be sent   3. being told; to be held 
4. to be left 5. to be built; are being brought 
II.
1. drunk drivers will be heavily punished in the future; the problem is hard to deal with
2. The number of cars is supposed to be controlled
III.
1. will be completed 2. be done 3. to be overcome 4. be considered 5. to be removed 6. is disturbed 7. be provided

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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