非谓语动词分词省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词讲解NonfiniteVerbs第1页分词：分词：Participles一一分词概述分词概述1.它有两种形式：现在分词和过去分词。它有两种形式：现在分词和过去分词。2.现在分词：现在分词：doing过去分词：规则动词过去分词：规则动词V+ed不规则动词不规则动词第2页现在分词与过去分词区分：现在分词与过去分词区分：1.语态上：语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?2.时态上：时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成DevelopingcountryboilingwaterDevelopedcountryboiledwater第3页二、分词作用二、分词作用1、作定语、作定语放在被修饰名词之前，称为前置定语。放在被修饰放在被修饰名词之前，称为前置定语。放在被修饰名词之后，称为后置定语。名词之后，称为后置定语。（1）前置定语）前置定语Heisapromisingyoungman.Makelessnoise.Theresasleepingchild.（2）后置定语）后置定语TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnand假如是单词，放在被修饰名词前；假如是短语，放就放在被假如是单词，放在被修饰名词前；假如是短语，放就放在被修饰名词之后。修饰名词之后。第4页Thebridgebuiltlastmonthneedsrepairing.上个月建造那座桥需要修理。上个月建造那座桥需要修理。（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。如：相当于一个定语从句。如：Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere(Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.)想加入本俱乐部人在这里署名。想加入本俱乐部人在这里署名。第5页（4）过去分词作定语：表示被动和完成，只表完成。如：）过去分词作定语：表示被动和完成，只表完成。如：thequestiondiscussedyesterday昨天讨论问题昨天讨论问题（既表示被动也表示完成）（既表示被动也表示完成）thefallenleaves落下树叶落下树叶(只表示完成，不表示被动只表示完成，不表示被动)2、作表语、作表语分词作表语表示主语某种性质或状态。如：分词作表语表示主语某种性质或状态。如：Shewastoofrightenedtomove.她被吓得一动不动。她被吓得一动不动。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.你所说真令从鼓舞。你所说真令从鼓舞。第6页3、作宾语补足语、作宾语补足语能够跟宾语补足语谓语动词有能够跟宾语补足语谓语动词有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等词。等词。Isawhimwalkinginthestreet.我看见他在街上走。我看见他在街上走。Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。我听见他们在教室里唱歌。Wefoundtheboysleeping.我们发觉小孩睡着了。我们发觉小孩睡着了。第7页A）Iheardmybrother(singing,sung)inthenextroomB）Iheardthesong(singing,sung)inEnglish.现在分词与过去分词在作状语区分现在分词与过去分词在作状语区分四、作状语四、作状语现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成1.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.2.(Hearing/heard)thebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.3.(Giving/Given)moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.4.Istoodbythedoor,notdaringtosayaword.第8页Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help crying.第9页Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.第10页Being so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.第11页They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.and they were singing laughing第12页To serve the people well,I study hard.In order to serve the people well第13页判断以下句子正误：判断以下句子正误：1.To learn English well,a lot of practice must be done.2.Seeing from the hill,the city is more beautiful.3.Heating,water will boil.4.Getting there,the door was found opened.第14页将以下状语从句改为非谓语将以下状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：短语作状语：1.Because she was moved by the hero,she decided to study harder.第15页2.When he found the door locked,he went home.第16页He started early in order that he could get there on time.to get there on time第17页将以下非谓语短语改写为状语从句将以下非谓语短语改写为状语从句1.Not knowing her address,I cant write to her.2.Entering the room,I saw a strange sight.3,Scolded by the teacher,he was very sad.第18页分词时态和语态分词时态和语态组成（以组成（以study和和go为例）为例）及物与不及物及物与不及物动词动词 语态语态 时态时态类别类别及及物物动动词词不及物不及物动词动词主主动语态动语态被被动语态动语态主主动语态动语态现现在分在分词词普通式studyingbeingstudiedgoing完成式完成式havingstudiedhavingbeenstudiedhavinggoing过过去分去分词词普通式studiedgone第19页被动式：被动式：beingdone表示一个现在进行完成动作。表示一个现在进行完成动作。1.Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.2.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.3.Asweapproachedthevillage,wesawnewhousesbeingputup.完成式：完成式：havingdone所表示动作在谓语动词所表示动作所表示动作在谓语动词所表示动作之前发生。之前发生。1.Havingturnedofftheradio,hebegantogooverhislessons.2.Nothavingreceivedhisfathersletter,hedecidedtomakeacalltohim.第20页独立主格结构独立主格结构 独立主格结构有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目等。Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.Nobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasNobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.closed.第21页1 1独立主格结构形式：独立主格结构形式：独立主格结构形式：独立主格结构形式：（1 1）名词）名词）名词）名词/代词代词代词代词+-ing+-ing分词及其短语分词及其短语分词及其短语分词及其短语Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirThemoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.journey.Thepupilsarewalkingslowly,theirteacherfollowing.Thepupilsarewalkingslowly,theirteacherfollowing.（2 2）名词）名词）名词）名词/代词代词代词代词+-ed+-ed分词及其短语分词及其短语分词及其短语分词及其短语Good-byesaid,wewenthome.Good-byesaid,wewenthome.Allthingsconsidered,itisagoodplan.Allthingsconsidered,itisagoodplan.第22页2 2with+with+复合宾语结构复合宾语结构复合宾语结构复合宾语结构withwith后宾语相当于该结构中逻辑主语，其后面词相当后宾语相当于该结构中逻辑主语，其后面词相当于这个结构中逻辑谓语。翻译时，于这个结构中逻辑谓语。翻译时，withwith原有含意往往原有含意往往不翻译出来。不翻译出来。（1 1）with+with+名词名词名词名词/代词代词代词代词+名词名词名词名词.He was carried into the hospital,with his face a mass of He was carried into the hospital,with his face a mass of bleeding flesh.bleeding flesh.第23页（6 6）with+with+名词名词名词名词/代词代词代词代词+-en+-en分词分词分词分词All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.He died with his lifes work still unfinished.He died with his lifes work still unfinished.（7 7）with+with+名词名词名词名词/代词代词代词代词+不定式不定式不定式不定式With five minutes to go before the last train left,we With five minutes to go before the last train left,we arrived here.arrived here.第24页3.由There being+主语这种结构多表示原因。比如：There being a lot of books to read,he often studied till midnight.因为有许多书要读，他经常学习到深夜。第25页1.The man insisted_ a taxi for me even though I told 1.The man insisted_ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.him I lived nearby.A.find A.find B.to find B.to find C.on finding C.on finding D.in findingD.in finding2.Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview._ the 2.Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview._ the answers ready will be of great help.answers ready will be of great help.A.To have had A.To have had B.Having had B.Having had C.Have C.Have D.HavingD.Having3.Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.3.Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.A.A.youtreatyoutreatB.youtotreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatC.whytreatD.youtreatingD.youtreating4.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhe4.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldntrisk_thegoodopportunity.couldntrisk_thegoodopportunity.A.A.tolosetoloseB.losingB.losingC.tobelostC.tobelostD.beinglostD.beinglost第26页选出下面习题正确答案选出下面习题正确答案1-Imhungry,andIwanttoeatthecake.-What!itisnotgood_A.foreatingB.tobeeatenC.toeatD.ateating2Itsimportant_andhelpful.A.tokindB.bekindC.kindD.tobekind3.IttookAliceandmeanhour_outtheproblem.A.toworkB.workingC.workD.forworking.4.Ifounditveryimportant_Englishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned5.Itsverynice_youto_meaboutit.A.for;tellB.of;sayC.to;speakD.of;tell第27页Thanksalot!第28页