2018届高考英语第二轮复习跟踪强化训练14.doc

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专题五　短文改错
第一讲　词法类错误

真题验证

(2017·全国Ⅰ)
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
答案：
In the summer holiday following my birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders， once I started the car，my mind blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the ，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “ left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes ，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.
❶　解析：eighteen改为eighteenth。考查序数词。“我的18岁生日”，应用序数词eighteenth。
❷　解析：在first day前加the或my。由序数词first可知，其前应加定冠词the。也可以用形容词性物主代词my修饰first day。
❸　解析：so改为but或yet。考查上下文的逻辑关系。根据语境可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，故把so改为but或yet。
❹　解析：goes改为went。考查时态。本文讲述作者18岁生日后的那个暑假发生的事情，且通篇以过去时为主。此处应用一般过去时，故把goes改为went。
❺　解析：word改为words。考查名词的数。根据下文可知，教练发出了很多指令，故用word的复数形式words。
❻　解析：Turning改为Turn。考查谓语动词。此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故改为动词原形Turn。
❼　解析：删除so后的much考查固定句型。此处含有“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句，句中的much多余，故删除。
❽　解析：late改为later。考查副词。late意为“迟，晚”。“一段时间＋later”表示“一段时间之后”，故把late改为later。
❾　解析：suddenly改为sudden。考查形容词。该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。
　解析：on改为of。考查固定搭配。in the middle of意为“在……的中间”，故把on改为of。

(2016·全国Ⅰ)
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady.
答案：
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreamsbecoming rich in short period of time.Instead，he hopes that business will grow .
❶　解析：that→where。考查宾语从句。此处表达的是“靠近我所居住的地方”，故需将that改为where。where在此引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
❷　解析：but去掉。考查连词。从属连词Though(虽然)不可与并列连词but(但是)一起使用，故需去掉but。
❸　解析：had→have。考查时态。整篇文章都是以现在时态写的，所以需将一般过去时改为一般现在时。
❹　解析：honest→honesty。考查名词。根据语境“我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键在于诚实”可知，此处该用名词形式作表语。
❺　解析：or→and。考查并列连词。根据语境可知，此处不是表示选择关系，而是表示“新鲜的蔬菜和优质的油”，故把or改为and。
❻　解析：using→used。考查被动语态。fresh vegetables和high quality oil与use之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。
❼　解析：becoming前加of。考查介词。dream of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。
❽　解析：the→a。考查冠词。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a，in a short period of time意为“短期内”。
❾　解析：our→his。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将our改为his才合乎语境。
　解析：steady→steadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily。

(2016·浙江卷)
When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
答案：
When I was a very young ，my father created a regular practice I remember well years .Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet at the door.He would ask who we and pretend not to us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit the top of the fridge.It was both and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
❶　解析：children改为child。考查名词单复数。根据I和a可知，这里应用可数名词单数形式，故改为child。
❷　解析：late改为later。根据语境可知，此处表示“很多年后”，故改为later。
❸　解析：end前添加the。考查冠词。at the end of是固定词组，表示“在……的最后”。
❹　解析：her改为him。考查代词。根据上文的he可知，此处应改为him。
❺　解析：was改为were。考查主谓一致。根据we可知，谓语动词应该用复数形式，故改为were。
❻　解析：knowing改为know。考查动词。pretend (not) to do sth.“假装(不)做某事”，此处是不定式，后面需要用动词原形，故改为know。
❼　解析：去掉had。考查动词。根据语境和下文的“would talk”可知，此处应该用would do结构。
❽　解析：chat改为chatted。考查时态。根据全文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故改为chatted。
❾　解析：in改为on。考查介词。on the top of是固定词组，表示“在……上面”。
　解析：excited改为exciting。考查形容词。根据语境和主语It可知，此处表示“令人激动的”，故用－ing形式的形容词。

(2015·浙江卷)
My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.On the left－hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field.In the mornings，it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.Farther in the distance，I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom，I will never forget it.
文章大意：本篇短文描写了“我”之前的教室。虽然“我”在那个教室里学习时还是个孩子，但是“我”永远都忘不了它。
答案：
My old classroom was interesting because three of the classroom were made from glass.I enjoyed close to the windows and looking at the view.On the left－hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field.In the mornings，it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around .Farther in the distance，I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.The position of the classroom with its view made me like I was dreaming. I was only a child when I studied in that classroom，I will never forget it.
❶　解析：本题考查名词单复数。side 改为sides 。side 取“侧面”之意时，为可数名词，在这里指的是教室的侧面，故可数。由 three 可知，要用其复数形式sides。故正确答案为：将side改为sides。
❷　解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。from 改为of。be made of 和 be made from 都表示“由……制成，构成”，但be made of表示制成成品后，可看出原材料是什么，制作过程仅发生物理变化；而 be made from表示成品完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。此处说教室的三面墙壁是由玻璃构成的，显然可以看出原材料是玻璃，应使用be made of。故正确答案为：将from改为of。
❸　解析：本题考查固定搭配。sit 改为sitting。enjoy doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“享受做某事，喜欢做某事”。故此处要使用sit的v－ing形式，即sitting。故正确答案为：将sit改为sitting。
❹　解析：本题考查副词。 easy 改为easily。修饰动词see 要用easy的副词形式easily。故正确答案为：将easy改为easily。
❺　解析：本题考查时态。is 改为was。阅读全文可知，本文描写了作者的老教室，通篇使用过去时。此处说明“从教室后方往前看到的场景也很美”，是对过去事件的一般性描述，要用一般过去时。故正确答案为：将is改为was。
❻　解析：本题考查代词。them 改为it。介词around 指代 a beautiful park，用第三人称单数，故正确答案为将 them 改为it。
❼　解析：本题考查句意和否定词。把 not 去掉。前文提到的都是在教室里能看到的景色，此处继续，文意为“远处我能欣赏到雪山的景色”，用肯定而非否定。故正确答案为：把 not 去掉。
❽　解析：本题考查固定搭配。在in和hurry之间加a。in a hurry 意为“立即，匆忙”。故正确答案为：在in和hurry之间加a。
❾　解析：本题考查非谓语动词辨析。felt 改为feel。make sb.do ...意为“使某人做某事”，make sb.done ...则为“使某人被……”，此处表达“景色使我觉得我好像在做梦”，无被动含义。故正确答案为：将 felt 改为feel。
　解析：本题考查连词。If 改为Although/Though。if 意为“如果，假如”，引导条件状语从句，而此处“我只是一个小孩”和“我不会忘记”之间构成让步关系，用although/though表“尽管，虽然”。故正确答案为：将 If 改为Although/Though。
模拟强化

(2017·广东省茂名市二模)
One day when I was on my way to home from school，I found a building on fire.Immediately I called the firefighters.
Several minutes lately，the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire.With the help of the firefighters，a lot of peoples left the building safely.Sudden a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters everything.But they can't understand what she said.I went to the woman and asked her that was happening.She told me that his daughter was still in the building.I told the firefighters about it at once.They immediately run into the building and rescued little girl.
文章大意：本文主要讲述作者在回家的路上看到一栋建筑物着火了，打电话报警后，消防员很快扑灭了大火。但突然一名外国妇女跑来说她女儿还在建筑物里，但消防员们听不懂，最后，作者将这些告诉了消防员，他们救出了那个小女孩。
答案：
One day when I was on my way to home from school，I found a building on fire.Immediately I called the firefighters.
Several minutes ，the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire.With the help of the firefighters，a lot of left the building safely. a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters.But they understand what she said.I went to the woman and asked her was happening.She told me that daughter was still in the building.I told the firefighters about it at once.They immediately into the building and rescued little girl.
❶　解析：考查介词。home意为“回家”，是副词，其前不加介词to。
❷　解析：考查副词。later用于一段具体时间之后，表示从过去或将来算起的多长时间以后，但通常不指从现在算起的多久以后。
❸　解析：考查词语用法。people指“人”时，是集合名词，本身就是复数形式，不需要加s表示复数。
❹　解析：考查副词。修饰句子要用副词，形容词sudden的副词是suddenly。
❺　解析：根据句意：告诉消防员一些事情。用something。
❻　解析：考查动词时态。全文讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时态。
❼　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构，句中缺少主语，用what作主语，同时引导宾语从句。
❽　解析：考查代词。her指代the woman。
❾　解析：考查动词时态。全文讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时态。
　解析：考查冠词。前文已提到过她的女儿，此处little girl前加定冠词the表示特指。

(2017·福建省漳州市5月质检)
Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I take part in several days ago，I have a lot to share to you.
Firstly，I feel real delighted that I've won the first prize in the competition，which makes me to understand the true meaning of the proverb “No pains，no gains”．Besides，I've established the friendship with students from all over our country，from which I've learned a lot.More importantly，participate in this competition has enabled me to overcome my fear of speaking in public，thus developing my self-confidence.Additionally，I owe much thanks to my teachers and judges.Without his help，I couldn't have done such excellent job.
To sum up，I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable experiences.
文章大意：作者回顾自己参加英语演讲比赛后的一些体会。
答案：
Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I part in several days ago，I have a lot to share you.
Firstly，I feel delighted that I've won the first prize in the competition，which makes me to understand the true meaning of the proverb “No pains，no gains”．Besides，I've established the friendship with students from all over our country，from I've learned a lot.More importantly， in this competition has enabled me to overcome my fear of speaking in public，thus developing my selfconfidence.Additionally，I owe thanks to my teachers and judges.Without help，I couldn't have done such excellent job.
To sum up，I will always treasure this meaningful and memorable .
❶　解析：考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语several days ago可知用过去时，故take改为took。
❷　解析：考查介词。此处为固定搭配：share with sb.和某人分享。
❸　解析：考查副词。此处为副词修饰形容词delighted，故用really。
❹　解析：考查动词。此处为make的固定用法：make sb do sth：让某人做某事，故去掉to。
❺　解析：考查连词。此处为定语从句，先行词为students，是人，而且关系代词前有介词，介词后接表示人的关系代词只能用whom。
❻　解析：考查动名词。此处为动名词短语做主语。不能用动词原形做主语，故改为participate。
❼　解析：考查代词。此处thanks是复数名词，不能用much，要用many才能修饰可数名词的复数。
❽　解析：考查代词。此处是指前文中提到的老师们和裁判们的帮助，是他们的，故用their。
❾　解析：考查冠词。此处为固定搭配：do an excellent job：做得好，做得漂亮。
　解析：考查名词单复数。此处是指这一次的经历，应该为单数概念，故用experience。

(2017·河北省衡水中学二模)
In my mind，I could never fancy how ten second of life could change a person's view for his whole existence.A few years ago I experience the worst moment in my life.I was driving home that afternoon.Unfortunately，I didn't make it home as usually because I had a car accident.While I was driving，all of a sudden，but the car in front of me stopped.My car immediately ran into it.Luckily，I wasn't serious hurt.That accident changed way I drive and they taught me a valuable lesson.I also came to the conclusion which life needs to be treasuring.
答案：
In my mind，I could never fancy how ten of life could change a person's view his whole existence.A few years ago I the worst moment in my life.I was driving home that afternoon.Unfortunately，I didn't make it home as because I had a car accident.While I was driving，all of a sudden，but the car in front of me stopped.My car immediately ran into it.Luckily，I wasn't hurt.That accident changed way I drive and taught me a valuable lesson.I also came to the conclusion life needs to be .
❶　解析：句意：在我心中，我无法想象生活的十秒能怎样改变一个人对于他整个存在的观点。second表示“秒”是可数名词，前面有ten修饰，故要用复数形式。故second改为seconds。
❷　解析：考查介词。表示某人关于某一事物的态度、观点，或者关于哪个方面的课题、论文、演讲等用on 或about。故for改为on/ about。
❸　解析：考查时态。句意：几年前我经历了生命中最困难的时刻。根据时间状语a few years ago可知，用一般过去时，故experience改为experienced。
❹　解析：句意：我并没有按时回到家，因为我发生了一场车祸。本题考查词组as usual，表示“像往常一样”。故usually改为usual。
❺　解析：句意：当我开车时，我前面的车突然停下来了。本句是由While引导的状语从句，主句前面不用连词，故删去the car 前面的but。
❻　解析：考查副词。句意：我伤的并不严重。这里用副词修饰句子，故serious改为seriously。
❼　解析：句意：这次事故改变了我开车的方法。这里的方法是特指故changed 和way之间加the。
❽　解析：考查代词。句意：那次事故改变了我开车的方法，它也给我上了宝贵的一课。这里用it指代上文出现的名词单数that accident，故they改为it。
❾　解析：考查同位语从句。句意：我也得出了生命需要被珍视的结论。名词the conclusion后接从句表示the conclusion的内容，构造了同位语从句，引导词在句中只起连接作用，无意义，不作成分，故要用that。
　解析：句意：我也得出了生命需要被珍视的结论。根据句意可知，动词treasure要用被动语态的形式，故treasuring改为treasured。

(2017·河南省洛阳市二模)
When I was a kid，my father and mother were made me join a tennis club in the center of our city.Every day both my parent would take me to club after school.I played tennis，ate snacks and did my homework here.It was basically my second family.A woman whose name was Li Li，my first private coach，was as a mother to us.She not only taught me everything that I know about what to play tennis，but treats me well.She was kind or always trained me with great patient.In my heart，she was the best coach in our city.
文章大意：本文讲述了作者幼时的网球教练对于自己的帮助。爸爸妈妈让我参加了一个网球俱乐部，放学后我会在那里打球，吃饭和做作业。那里就像我的另一个家。我的教练对我很好，她不仅教我打球而且对我很好，在我心里她是我市最好的教练。
答案：
When I was a kid，my father and mother were made me join a tennis club in the center of our city.Every day both my would take me toclub after school.I played tennis，ate snacks and did my homework .It was basically my second family.A woman whose name