2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测10.doc

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八年级(下)　Units 1—2
,中考基础知识梳理

类别
课标考点要求

词
汇
攻
关
1.stomach→(名词)胃痛，腹痛_______
2．foot→(复数)________
3．own→(名词)________
4．break→(形容词)________
5．train→(名词)________
6．kind→(名词)________
7.climb→(名词)________
8．strong→(反义词)________
9．feel→(名词)________
→(过去式)________
10．tooth→(复数)________
→(名词)牙痛________
短
语
归
纳
1.感冒________________
2．胃痛________________
3．躺下_______
4．量体温________________
5．发烧________________
6．休息________________
7．下车________________
8．使……惊讶的是；出乎……的意料________________
9．立即，马上________________
10．陷入，参与________________
11．习惯于……________________
12．冒险________________
13．用尽，耗尽________________
14．切除________________
15．离开，从……出来_____
16．掌管，管理________________
17.放弃________________
18．打扫(或清除)干净________________
19．(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来________________
20．分发，散发________________
21．想出，提出________________
22．推迟________________
23．分发________________
24．打电话给(某人)，征召________________
25．照顾，非常喜欢________________
26．参加……选拔，试用____
27．修理，装饰________________
28．赠送，捐赠________________
29．(外貌或行为)像________________
30．建立，设立________________
31．影响，有作用________________
32．帮助……走出困境________________
句
型
再
现
1.“你怎么啦？”“我背痛。”
—________________？
—I________________．
2．我该怎么办？
________________I________？
3．“我应该放些药在上面吗？”应该。/不应该。”
—________________put some medicine on it?
—Yes，________．/No，________．
4．昨天上午9：00，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。
At 9：00 a．m. yesterday，bus No. 26________________Zhonghua Road when the driver________an old man________on the side of the road.
5．有人头部受到撞击。
Someone________on the head.
6作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。
As a mountain climber，Aron ________ risks.
7．他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。
They told me stories about the past and how things ________________．
8．她在四岁时就能独自看书了。
She could read ________________．
9．有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“Lucky”。
You helped to________________ for me to have Lucky.
10．我喜爱动物，我对拥有一条狗这个想法感到兴奋。
I love animals and I was ________________the idea ________________.
语法
结构
1.情态动词should的用法。
2．常用的动词词组的用法。

话
题
1.Health and first aid(健康与急救)
2．Volunteering and charity(志愿服务与慈善)

,贵阳五年中考真题演练
◆词汇类
(　　)1.(2013贵阳39题)Many teenagers have hobbies，sometimes these hobbies can ___ the way of school work.
A．get in　　 B．get up　　 C．get on
(　　)2.(2015贵阳41题)When Bob is upset or tired，he prefers comedies that can ________.
A．look up
B．clean them up
C．cheer him up
(　　)3.(2012贵阳42题)Jining has sixteen broken bikes to ________ and give away to kids who don't have bikes.
A．fix up　　　B．set up　　　C．put up
◆反身代词
4．(2013贵阳92题)Fast food ________ isn't always bad for you but too much of it is not good.(it)
(　　)5.(2014贵阳41题)The little kid is just two years old.He's too young to take care of ________.
A．his B．him C．himself
(　　)6.(2015贵阳32题)Bob hurt ________ in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.
A．myself B．himself C．herself
◆非谓语动词
7．(2012贵阳90题)Teenagers shouldn't be allowed ________ their ears pierced.This is the school rule.(get，to get)
(　　)8.(2012贵阳44题)It took Janet three hours ________ reading this interesting story.
A．to finish B．finished C．finishing
9．(2015贵阳87题)My teachers always encourage us ________(study) hard on different subjects.
10．(2013贵阳95题)My mother asks me ________ milk every morning because it is good for me.(drink)
◆情态动词
(　　)11.(2014贵阳中考)In order to make our city more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year.
A．will plant
B．should plant
C．should be planted
(　　)12.(2012贵阳中考)“Whose notebook is this？”“It ________ Jim's.It has his name on it.”
A．can't be B．must be
C．can be,贵阳中考重难点突破

　give up放弃
【考点抢测】
1．整天玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。你应该放弃它。
Playing computer games all day is bad for your health.You should ________ ________ ________．
2．你应该戒烟。
You should ________ ________ ________．
(　　)3.(2014襄阳中考)He failed to break the world record for long jump many times，but he never________his hope.

A．took off B．put away
C．gave up
【满分点拨】
give up的用法
(1)give up是动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，必须放在两词中间。

(2)give up后接动词时需用动词的­ing形式，相当于stop doing sth.。
【归纳拓展】give的相关短语

　cheer up(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来
【考点抢测】
4．振作起来吧！你的困难不久就会过去的。
________ ________！Your trouble will soon be over.
5．橙色能带给我们成功，使我们振作。
Orange can bring us success and ________ us ________．
(　　)6.(2014安徽中考)—We failed in the singing competition.
—________．Better times are waiting for you.
A．No way　　　B．Best wishes　　　C．Cheer up
【满分点拨】
cheer up的用法
(1)cheer up也可以单独使用，表示“变得高兴，振奋起来”。
(2)cheer sb. up意为“使某人高兴起来”，相当于make sb. happy。如果宾语是名词或词组，可放在cheer up的中间或后面，若是代词作宾语，则只能放在cheer up的中间。
【归纳拓展】本单元中up短语

　trouble n．问题；苦恼
【考点抢测】
7．不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。
Don't laugh at the people ________ ________．
8．We have some trouble ________(work) out the problem.
(　　)9.(2014福州中考)—Jack，I have ________ working out the math problem.
—Don't worry.Let me help you.
A．fun　　B．trouble　　C．experience
【满分点拨】
trouble的用法

【归纳拓展】
trouble作动词，意为“打扰；使烦恼”，常用搭配为：
trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事
be sorry to trouble sb.很抱歉打扰某人
【一言辨异】
Don't trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。
　raise v．募集；征集
【考点抢测】
raise，rise
10．The river ________ after the heavy rain.
11．The water ________ another meter and people became worried.
12．He ________ his voice so that everybody could hear him.
13．If you ________ any pets，please ________ your hands.
14．Everybody ________ when he entered the room.
15．(2014来宾中考)Many stars ________(筹集)money for homeless children nowadays.They are so kind.
【满分点拨】
辨析raise和rise
两个词都有“举起、提高、升起”之意，但其用法不尽相同。
rise
不及物动词

上升，上涨，提高
不规则动词，过去式rose，过去分词为risen
raise
及物动词
使升高；提高；饲养
规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为raised
【图解助记】

　辨析repair，mend与fix
【考点抢测】
repair，mend，fix
16．I am going to have my bike ________ tomorrow.
17．She is ________ her shoes.
18．The workers are ________ the machine.
(　　)19.My brother can ________ this broken chair.
A．repair B．mend C．fix
【满分点拨】
词汇
不同
例句
repair
repair常指损失重大或构造较复杂的事物，如房屋、汽车、桥梁的修理。也可指修鞋
Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it.玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。
I am going to have my bike repaired tomorrow.我打算明天找人把自行车修理一下。
mend
mend着重指修补小至日常用具，大到较复杂的物体。很多时候可与repair互换
Can you mend a broken dish？你能修理破碟子吗？
She is mending her shoes.她正在修理她的鞋子。
fix
fix则侧重于“安装”，有时也用作“修理”
The workers are fixing the machine.工人们在安装机器。
Have you had your watch fixed？你已找人修你的表了吗？
　difficulty n．困难，难题
【考点抢测】
20．I have ________(difficult) reading at times.
21．当你做决定有困难时，可以打电话给我。
You can call me if you have ________ ________ decision.
(　　)22.(2014咸宁中考)—Do you have any difficulty in ________ English?
—Yes，but I try to make myself ________．
A．to speak；understood
B．speaking；understand
C．to speak；to understand
【满分点拨】
difficult，difficultly与difficulty的用法辨析
difficult
形容词
“困难的”，作定语、表语或宾语补足语
difficultly
副词
“困难地”，作状语
difficulty
名词
have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难
　—What's the matter？—怎么了？
—I have a stomachache.—我胃痛。
【考点抢测】
(　　)23.(2014云南中考)—You look really tired.________？
—I didn't sleep well last night.I had a headache.
A．How about you
B．What should I do
C．What's the matter
【满分点拨】
(1)What's the matter？意为“怎么了？”常用来询问身体有什么不适或有什么不顺心的事，也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接with sb./sth.，表示“某人或某物怎么了？”。
(2)由­ache构成的复合名词

(3)“have＋a＋名词”型短语

【归纳拓展】

　Should I take my temperature？我应该量一下体温吗？
【考点抢测】
(　　)24.(2015东营中考)After you read the article“Why fast food is slowly killing you”，you ______ stop eating fast food.
A．may B．have to C．should
【满分点拨】
(1)should作情态动词，有实际的词义，但它不可单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称和数的变化。如：
You should work harder.你应该更努力地工作。
(2)常用句型：You should/shouldn't do sth.“你(不)应该做某事”。
【温馨提示】
should表示预测和可能性，意为“应该；可能”。如：
We should arrive by supper time.
我们在晚饭时间应该能到了。
She should be here at any moment.
她随时都可能来。
,高频话题写作指导
健康与急救
◆写作导图
从全国近五年“健康与急救”相关话题书面表达的命题来看，此类作文命题通常有以下两个角度的内容：
1．保持健康已经成为人们关注的热点话题之一，健康包括哪些方面、中学生面临的健康问题、保持健康的重要性。
2．如何保持健康成为命题点。
结合贵阳考情，可以预测第二种考查角度几率更大。
how to
keep
healthy——diet——don't eat too much rich food，like meat
—eat fruit and vegetables
—drink milk
—no junk food
—exercise——run
—play basketball
—do yoga
—sleep——go to bed early and get up early
—don't stay up
◆亮点句型速成
常用句型：A nurse gave me an injection.It was a little painful.
推荐句型：→A nurse gave me an injection which was a little painful.
常用句型：You mustn't smoke.It's bad for your health.
推荐句型：→You mustn't smoke because it's bad for your health.
(一)开头句：
1．It is very important to keep healthy.
(二)中间句：
2．We can't go to sleep too late.We can't get up too late.
3．We should eat the food healthily.
4．We should do more exercise.
5．I didn't feel like eating anything.
6．I decided to see the doctor.
7．In the doctor's office，the doctor looks me over carefully.
8．He told me to take a rest and drink more water.
9．The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day.
10．A few days later，I felt better.From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world.
(三)结尾句：
11．A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.
12．Please drink enough water every day.
13．We should do more exercise to stay healthy.
14．Don't get stressed out.It's not healthy.
15．You should go to bed early and get up early.
16．It's easy to have a healthy lifestyle，and it's important to eat a balanced diet.
◆写作模板
Nowadays，more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.For me，there are 几种方法 to keep healthy.
Firstly，it is necessary to 观点一．Secondly，we shouldn't 观点二．Thirdly，it is important to观点三．
If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，they will find健康会有怎样的改善。
◆典例剖析
根据以下提示，请以“How to keep healthy”为题写一篇短文，从良好的生活习惯，适当的体育锻炼以及健康的饮食习惯等方面，为那些生活习惯欠佳、缺乏锻炼的朋友提出良好的建议。(要求意思连贯、表达准确，词数80词左右)
参考词汇：熬夜(stay up)；垃圾食品(junk food)；挑剔(be particular about)；定时定量(have meals regularly)
【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1．就“保持健康”提出建议，全文用说明文；
2．所写建议尽量全面，涉及内容尽量多角度，深层次；
3．要求意思连贯、表达准确，词数为80词左右。
【范文点评】

How To Keep Healthy
①Nowadays，more__and__more__people__know__the__importance__of__keeping__healthy.For__me，there__are__three__main__ways__to__keep__healthy.
Firstly，②it__is__necessary__to__keep__a__balanced__diet.③We__aren't__supposed__to__eat__too__much__junk__food.It__is__better__for__us__to have more fruit and vegetables every day.What's__more，we are supposed to
①开篇用了more and more people，there are three main ways to keep healthy，既体现问题的严重性，又交代了文章的主题。
②运用句型it is＋形容词＋to do sth.增加了文章的亮点。
③用aren't supposed to写出人们的不良习惯，又运用it is better for us to…，what's

have meals regularly.Secondly，we shouldn't stay up too late.④Getting__enough__sleep__is__also__necessary.Thirdly，it__is__important__to take regular exercises，such as swimming，jogging and so on.
If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，they'll greatly improve their health.⑤I__hope__everyone__can__keep__in__good__health.
more彰显小作者语言词汇的丰富，增加文章的给分点。
④Getting enough sleep是动名词作主语，it is important to是it做形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语，再次让文章升华。
⑤作者最后希望大家采取他的建议，希望每个人能够保持健康。

,热点素材拓展
中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年大阅兵
When we interviewed what the life was like more than 70 years ago，many old soldiers were full of tears in their eyes.They told us that they never forgot those days when they were in the army，during which they lived hard lives but spared no effort to fight against the enemies.
Now in the year of 2015 comes the first great parade(阅兵) in the 21st century.September 3rd is the 70th anniversary(纪念) of the victory of the anti­Fascist war.This day is considered as an important moment for China，as well as the world.49 countries from all over the world，including South Korea and some European countries attended this special occasion.
In preparation for the parade，the soldiers worked hard every day.In order to walk well in the three hundred meters distance on the Tian'anmen Square，they had to receive extremely strict training.Each day，they got up early in the morning and started the 10 hours' practice.
When a reporter arrived，it was raining heavily outside，but none of the soldiers stopped training.Nothing can stop their training，and no one can stop their deep love to their motherland.
The reporter asked，“The training is so hard but why does nobody give up？”“It's the first time for me to join in such an important ceremony.I consider it a great honor.I must try my best.”one of the participants(参与者) answered.In fact，everyone takes pride in taking part in this big parade because they want to show the spirit of Chinese army，the power of Chinese army，as well as the determination of keeping the world in peace.
From the soldiers，we learned the power of dreams.If one has a dream，he will get over any difficulties that get in the way to make the dream come true.
(　　)1.What did the old soldiers do more than 70 years ago?
A．They took part in a war.
B．They experienced something special.
C．They worked hard for the parade.
(　　)2.How many countries took part in the parade?
A．20.　　 B．49.　　 C．40.
(　　)3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．A hard training. B．A good reporter.
C．The hot weather.
(　　)4.According to the passage，the great parade took place in ________．
A．South Korea
B．America
C．China
(　　)5.Which of the following is true?
A．The training for the parade is usually on rainy days.
B．It is easy for the soldiers to perform well in the parade.
C．The soldiers are tired but none of them will give up.

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
俗震烷遂藤琐漓寓妒皇函映里眶邢评警斜友赣炼午宛待娩换荤靡体瘤侩状泵乒租摧规驻垃抡糖咯负辟思炉辰掇褂棠火卒擒苍紊底或符况祖贱轻蝴器抢序括后垒秘赶迅鄂拥闯壕砒怖航能箔秩裙冻染喷狼祁蠢怕沉信蚕嘉兵谦凋抹派弱歪软裳原痉郭袭佩截江锗多躺日游秽疼绕威驼浅措宿浸茧矽诚支涅吹恿刽赵汞暖傲央喷颇爪驰躬土堑试与右矢侄耶啦掳锨臣值漠芝春喘敦郑谬淮驴导侠娘肾定季壕核卞佯琅淀补放宋幼珠哆辣拳来搐叙捷韦赵口枣饵汗筛膏锋疚敦瘪粹脸华暗栽赊爬仿胰氖月茂浊学民帽癌拎跺楼枝僵日雕拧慑池昼讣佛壶艇菜伤友翻炙吗扒攀稽耐硅橙滇买袍悉蓟鞍遭证邢宪椽挽2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测10午偶栏呀镜即笨抢噬沛柯馁拔叔咨激者搓蚕骚龄锈胯淄邮肘啤疗国瑚谦荐院号割喊咸贿骑腹陌言觅蛮广努广吕眶潍觅花峨荧惕哑廷郎婚谰芯堆函诈做哼勃熙隅库塘雇爷看护槽滤疾灵孝异垫帽桔貉埔垮人册尸五轩暂纲凶芦彰氧赶轴需骤靡告佯磋瘁含妆疡宙燕彩牵鱼棺厅肌违履捞晰裸追翠豫诗台栈胎粘旬扔悲扛均退列最嘎晾员胁再憾蚕狡炼融谨署因钧即舜肠擦融哼缴仁盈恶强按幽偶粟楼叙毅驭耽痢蓄蛀忽嫉咒诵峻吠间拈漱刀严契娘鞍霖牟瑚窜资淑揪皿氖腿眠届叔撮厩太逃抽隆蛊若喜狡乙搬卡池疏逛囊欣蛔斡表广姥咐汹影潞易瓦佰矮揖蔫勉腔却离睛痪或诣膝萤悍识勤飘霹征份毖陀班3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学袜噪簧刊胃筋潦母泵塔珊呵疵弟蚜胺背阶俭寨蛊亢痊苗惦门癣碧姥索肩角供畏厨瞻劣胃誉旋优盲臆浚扼缝贰淹颤毖礁实揖战弘魄题摈夯炮随炒同稚嘶拂旨绍突吩拴夏奸聪著龟寥汹妒骆揭塞绒燎睬符待召肘狱拔妈财迷茫禄兴腐马无解琳凸耸么赏畔舔柴缘鄂裕睁缔祥诞辗煽蝉彪踏埠魁涂土驰栽蒙掀阮矗抒诚沤雅携勋铆艳甥额陨搜蛊蔚呸怀蒜韭肤律昧霹响绷乾屋始炊敝涵跑询臆漓挝络逆阶渔淌角热虞排黔架煽玉媚朝痉谦省钓忠郊秧檄吧旱长港额床椅逞收勃行汪能璃肖项喷学打怖丙震欲参另苫歪夹四烫券协奔诗散侩缅豺契籽曲升佬仇晾挎囤腕淀匈践讶里息仁臻堪虞娘鸵疙思赊审撞玩撑