现在分词以和练习市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

GrGra ammarmmar现在分词现在分词现在分词现在分词第第1页页一一一一:现在分词形式由现在分词形式由现在分词形式由现在分词形式由“dodoing”ing”组成组成组成组成,其其其其否定形式是否定形式是否定形式是否定形式是“notdoing”,notdoing”,它它它它能够带宾语能够带宾语能够带宾语能够带宾语或状语组成或状语组成或状语组成或状语组成 V-ingV-ing短语短语短语短语,没有些人称和数没有些人称和数没有些人称和数没有些人称和数改变改变改变改变,但有时态和语态改变。但有时态和语态改变。但有时态和语态改变。但有时态和语态改变。Grammar现在分词形式现在分词形式现在分词形式现在分词形式(1)第第2页页语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态普通式普通式完成式完成式(not)doing(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)beingdone(not)(not)havingdonehavingdone(not)(not)havingbeendonehavingbeendone(2)第第3页页现在分词普通式现在分词普通式(doing):表示与谓语动作同时表示与谓语动作同时发生发生,或发生在谓语动作之后或发生在谓语动作之后.现在分词完成式现在分词完成式(havingdone):表示动作发生在表示动作发生在谓语动作之前谓语动作之前,强调时间先后关系强调时间先后关系.Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.Walkingaroundthecity,wewereimpressedbyitsnewlook.Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.(3)第第4页页现在分词被动式现在分词被动式:普通式被动式普通式被动式(beingdone):假如现在分词动作是被动，且是正在进行或与假如现在分词动作是被动，且是正在进行或与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用谓语动词动作同时发生，就用beingdone完成式被动式完成式被动式(havingbeendone):表示发生在谓语动作之前被动动作表示发生在谓语动作之前被动动作.Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbeastore.Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldheletitslip?(4)第第5页页现在分词否定式现在分词否定式:(notdoing)Notknowinghisaddress,wecouldntgetintouchwithhim.Nothavingreceivedanylettersfromhisson.theoldcouplefeltworried.Nothavingbeeninformedofthenews,theydidntattendthemeeting.(5)第第6页页现在分词基本使用方法：现在分词基本使用方法：现在分词形式在句中能够作现在分词形式在句中能够作:定语定语,状语状语,表语和补语表语和补语(6)第第7页页1.作定语作定语1)单个分词做定语放在被修饰词之前单个分词做定语放在被修饰词之前,动动词词-ing 形式是形式是短语，短语，应应放在所修饰名词放在所修饰名词后，相当于一个定语从句。后，相当于一个定语从句。a sleeping baby=a baby who is sleeping Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.=which offered me the job.(9)第第8页页2)现在分词作定语时间概念 表示1)正在进行或和谓语动词同时进行 2)经常性普通性动作 3)现在或当初状态 The building being built now is a hospital.=which is being built now Those wishing to join the club should sign here.=who wish to join the club第第9页页 The woman selling vegetables has gone.=who sells vegetables The lake lying on the west of Hangzhou is called the West Lake.=which is lying on the west of Hangzhou *having done 普通不可作后置定语Thestudentshavinghandedintheirpapersmustleavetheclassroom.()The students who have handed in()第第10页页*与谓语动词 不能同时发生现在分词不作后置定语 The experts coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.()The experts who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.()第第11页页(1)Itspleasuretowatchthefaceofa_baby.A.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept(2)The_buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shakeCA(10)第第12页页作表语作表语.现在分词作表语现在分词作表语,表示主语某种性质和表示主语某种性质和特征特征,与主语往往组成逻辑上主谓关系与主语往往组成逻辑上主谓关系.实实际上能够看作是形容词际上能够看作是形容词.意为意为:“令令/使人使人”.比如：比如：amusing,charming,encouraging,interesting,astonishing,disappointing,inviting,promising,missing,boringmovingThestorytheyheardisverymoving.Thesituationisencouraging.(12)第第13页页3.现在分词作补语现在分词作补语现在分词作宾补时现在分词作宾补时,与宾语之间是逻辑上主谓与宾语之间是逻辑上主谓关系关系;假如动词变为被动语态时假如动词变为被动语态时,现在分词则作现在分词则作主补主补.现在分词作补语表示动作正在进行现在分词作补语表示动作正在进行.它主它主要用于以下两类动词后组成补足语要用于以下两类动词后组成补足语1).see,lookat,notice,watch,observe,find,catch,hear,listento,feel,smell等表示感官等表示感官动词后作宾补动词后作宾补.Isawhimgettingonthebus.Doyouhearsomebodyknockingonthedoor?.(13)第第14页页2).在在have,get,set,keep,leave,等表示使役动词等表示使役动词动词后面作宾补动词后面作宾补.Theyhadthelightburningallnightlong.Hecanwegetthemachinestarting.Thewordsimmediatelysetuslaughing.Hekeptmewaitingfiralongtime.Itiswrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.(14)第第15页页4.4.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子，能够表示时间修饰谓语动词或整个句子，能够表示时间修饰谓语动词或整个句子，能够表示时间修饰谓语动词或整个句子，能够表示时间,原原原原因因因因,结果结果结果结果,条件条件条件条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。行为方式或伴随动作等。行为方式或伴随动作等。行为方式或伴随动作等。作时间作时间作时间作时间,原因原因原因原因,条件状语时条件状语时条件状语时条件状语时,通常位于句子前部通常位于句子前部通常位于句子前部通常位于句子前部;作作作作结果结果结果结果,方式或伴随动作状语时方式或伴随动作状语时方式或伴随动作状语时方式或伴随动作状语时,位于句子后面位于句子后面位于句子后面位于句子后面.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致持一致持一致持一致;且必须与句子主语有逻辑上主谓关系且必须与句子主语有逻辑上主谓关系且必须与句子主语有逻辑上主谓关系且必须与句子主语有逻辑上主谓关系,分分分分词表示动作是次要动作词表示动作是次要动作词表示动作是次要动作词表示动作是次要动作.(16)第第16页页Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1）作作时间状语时间状语(17)第第17页页2)作作原因状语原因状语Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.(=Ashewasill,hedidntgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)(18)第第18页页3)作作方式、伴随情况状语方式、伴随情况状语：作伴随状语分词作伴随状语分词表示动作，必须是表示动作，必须是主语一个主语一个动作动作，或是，或是与谓语与谓语所表示动作（或状态）同时发生所表示动作（或状态）同时发生，或是，或是对谓语对谓语表示动词（或状态）作深入地补充说明表示动词（或状态）作深入地补充说明。Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)(19)第第19页页他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,theywentintotheclassroom.Hesatthere,lookingatthesky.(Hesatthereandlookedatthesky.)Laughingandtalking(20)第第20页页4)作作结果状语结果状语Herparentsdiedin1990,leavingheranorphan.(=Herparentsdiedin1990,whichleftheranorphan.)Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_.使它成为最流行歌曲使它成为最流行歌曲makingitthemostpopularsong(21)第第21页页注意：注意：现在分词现在分词作结果状语，表示顺其自然结果。作结果状语，表示顺其自然结果。动词不定式动词不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料作结果状语，表示出乎意料令人沮丧结果。令人沮丧结果。Europeanfootballisplayedinmorethan80countries,makingitthemostpopulargame.Ihurriedtohishouse,onlytofindhewasout.(22)第第22页页5)作条件状语作条件状语Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead(23)第第23页页AttentionPlease 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致保持一致;且必须与句子主语有逻辑上主谓且必须与句子主语有逻辑上主谓关系关系,分词表示动作是次要动作分词表示动作是次要动作.Walkinginthestreet,Iranintomyoldfriend.Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.(24)第第24页页Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.(分词逻辑主语是分词逻辑主语是time,而句子主语是而句子主语是I,二者二者不组成主谓关系不组成主谓关系,所以只能用所以只能用独立主格结构独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。)注意注意(25)第第25页页分词独立结构：分词独立结构：分词短语表示动作逻辑主语普通与句子分词短语表示动作逻辑主语普通与句子主语一致主语一致,不过有分词短语有它自己独立不过有分词短语有它自己独立主语主语(在分词短语之前在分词短语之前),这种主语经常是名这种主语经常是名词或代词词或代词(主格主格),此结构叫独立主格结构此结构叫独立主格结构,只能只能做状语做状语.(26)第第26页页Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheardAlltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.Timepermitting,welldoanothertwoexercises.Therainbeingover,wecontinuedtomarch.(27)第第27页页有时用有时用with/without+名词名词/代词宾格代词宾格+分词形式分词形式(With)thelightsburning,hefellasleep.Theboyreturned,(with)hisnosebleeding.如去掉如去掉with就是分词独立主格结构。就是分词独立主格结构。(28)第第28页页现在分词独立成份：现在分词独立成份：有些分词短语能够作独立成份有些分词短语能够作独立成份,用来解释整个句用来解释整个句子子,不受句子主语限制不受句子主语限制.常见独立成份常见独立成份:generallyspeaking,supposing(假设假设),judgingfrom/by,talkingof,speakingof,Judgingfrom/byhisappearance,hemustbeanactor.第第29页页Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?Talkingoftravel,haveyoubeentoBeijing?Puttingitmildly,youhavecausedussomeinconvenience.(说得轻一点说得轻一点)第第30页页Grammarquiz语法小测语法小测第第31页页Grammarquiz语法小测语法小测1.When_differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcomparedC第第32页页2.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always_thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaidA第第33页页3.Therearehundredsofvisitors_infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGoghspaintings.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.waitC第第34页页4._,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.A.GeneralspeakingB.SpeakinggeneralC.GenerallyspeakingD.SpeakinggenerallyC第第35页页5.“Youcantcatchme!”Janetshouted,_away.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ranB第第36页页6.Theysetout_forthe_boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing7.Thestudentsatthere,_whattodo.A.doesntknowingB.didntknowingC.notknowD.notknowingcD现在分词否定式是在普通式和完成式前面加现在分词否定式是在普通式和完成式前面加not(never)第第37页页8.Hesatthere_,withhisheadonhishand.A.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought9.The_PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC第第38页页10.“Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.(MET93)A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointD.andangrilypointingA现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语第第39页页11.Dontleavethewater_whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beginrunD.torun第第40页页12.TellMarythattheressomeone_forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait13.The_waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.”A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmile第第41页页14.Aphonecallsenthim_tothehospital.A.hurryB.hurryingC.tohurryD.hurried15.Doyouknowtheboy_underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying第第42页页16.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sail B.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed第第43页页17.Therearelotsofplacesofinterest_inourcity.A.needsrepairingB.needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD.needingtoberepaired第第44页页18.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowls_inalldirectionsbeforehewassent_byhiswife.A.flying;tosleepB.flying;sleepingC.tofly;tosleepingD.tofly;tosleep第第45页页19.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_butthedoor_.A.beingon;shutB.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shutting第第46页页20.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired第第47页页21.Thewomanfounditnogood_herdaughtertoomuchmoney.A.givingB.beinggivenC.givenD.gave22.Asthestonewastooheavytomove,Ileftit_ontheground.A.layingB.layC.lyingD.lain第第48页页23.Johnsbadhabitis_withoutthoroughunderstanding.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.reading第第49页页24.More and more people are signing up for Yoga Classes nowadays,_ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.(上海上海)A.taking B.taken C.having taken D.having been takenA第第50页页25.Whilewatchingtelevision,_.A.thedoorbellranB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellringsC第第51页页26.Themanager,_itcleartousthathedidntagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.(江江西西)A.whohasmade B.havingmadeC.madeD.Making27.Daddydidntmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,_fun.(重庆重庆)A.hadB.have C.tohaveD.havingBD第第52页页28.He glanced over at her,_ that though she was tiny,she seemed very well put together.(广东广东)A.noting B.noted C.to note D.having notedA第第53页页29.Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(上海上海)A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmeltB第第54页页30.Theoldman,_abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworkedD第第55页页31._,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.(全国全国)A.GeneralspeakingB.SpeakinggeneralC.GenerallyspeakingD.SpeakinggenerallyC第第56页页32.The storm left,_ a lot of damage to this area.(全国全国)A.caused B.to have caused C.to cause D.having caused33.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.(全国全国)A.to form B.form C.forming D.having formed DC第第57页页34.When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.(全国全国)A.introducing B.introduced C.introduce D.being introducedB第第58页页35.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthePresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语B第第59页页36.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果状语A第第60页页37._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.HavingnotreceivedC作原因状语作原因状语第第61页页38._histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownA现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。第第62页页Grammarwork语法专练语法专练用所给动词适当形式填空。用所给动词适当形式填空。1.Not_(know)hisaddress,Icouldntgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookoutforcarswhen_(cross)thestreet.3.Not_(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.knowingcrossinghavingbeeninvited第第63页页4.Hedivedintothewater,_(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,_(read)“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”6._(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.7._(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.leavingreadingTakingHavingclosed第第64页页1.It seemed that he avoided _ too close to her.(get)2.Reading is _,but speaking the language is also a kind of _.(learn)3.The news that the Chinese team won the gold medal was very _.(encourage)4.It is clear that your _ English will greatly improve if you can practise _ whenever you can.(speak)gettinglearninglearningencouragingspokenspeaking第第65页页5.I saw them _ to each other,obviously they do not want to be heard by others.(whisper)6.I counted the people _ the theatre,and there were 547 of them.(enter)7.The man with sun-glasses _ next to the car is a detective.(stand)8._ ill,he did not take part in the sports meeting.whisperingenteringstandingBeing第第66页页 9._ his car around is his main hobby.(drive)10._ she has got injured,he hurried to the hospital to see her.(know)11.He stayed in the _ room for over an hour while the girl was having an operation.(wait)12.I almost fell asleep when I saw that _ film.(bore)DrivingKnowingwaitingboring第第67页页1.Havingnotseenthefilm,IcanttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错单句改错第第68页页5.“Cantyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking第第69页页