2016届高考英语阅读理解和短文改错检测题8.doc

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阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Maggie was very glad that James was not a frequent visitor to the house. So far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. He stirred Maggie’s anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “It’s mercy that brother of yours doesn’t come oftener.”
In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. His arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. Not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. He took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her.
Maggie paid him back in her own way. She kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her company, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of James’s voice. Very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean. He always went home by the last train, just after two o’clock.
Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “lost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. James never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. The children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door.
1. The underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _______.
A. loss B. wonder C. lucky thing D. terrible thing
2. Maggie never prepared anything special for James because _______.
A. he was a man difficult to please
B. she never knew when he was coming
C. she was too busy looking after her children
D. he never stayed long enough for a meal
3. What do we know about James’ behavior?
A. He was a kind man, with love for the family.
B. He was generous, especially towards his brother.
C. He was anxious to please the family, especially the kids.
D. He was rude to his sister-in-law.
4. Maggie felt pleased when _______.
A. she paid James the money that she owed him
B. James gave some money to the children
C. she had to wake James up to catch his train
D. James thanked her for the nice supper
5. The children did not realize that two of James’ wives _______.
A. had been dead B. suffered from loss of memory
C. had run away from him D. might appear again one day

【答案与解析】
本文讲Maggie和她的孩子们对他们的叔叔James来访的不欢迎。
1. C。词义猜测题。Maggie不喜欢James的来访, 由此可以说他不常来是一件幸运的事，所以答案为C。
2. B。事实细节题。根据 In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly可知答案为B。
3. D。推理判断题。根据 except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her可知他对Maggie的态度不是很友好，故答案为D。
4. B。推理判断题。根据 Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction可知答案为B。
5. A。推理判断题。根据 They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies可知答案为A。

阅读理解。
Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city’s poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.
Fox Point is operated by Palladian, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladian received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.co m
ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.
Michael. Bloomberg, New York's mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing. So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.
( ) 1. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

A. To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.
B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.
C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.
D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.
( ) 2. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?
A. Lower running costs. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m B. Costing less in construction.
C. Less air to be lost in hot days. D. Better prices for homeless people.
( ) 3. It can be learned from the text that,
A. New York City is seriously polluted w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
B. people’s daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York City
C. a great number of people in New York City don't have houses to live in
D. some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City
( ) 4. What is the main purpose of this text? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

A. To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.
B. To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.
C. To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.
D. To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.
语篇解读：本篇文章为科技说明文。作者以Fox Point居住群的boiler rooms为切入点，阐述此类房子的环保节能的优点，以及各城市特别是纽约队建造此类建筑的积极响应。
1. 答案：C
考点：作者的写作意图
解析：从第一段最后两句，作者描述开水房仅是从一个侧面展示整个建筑群的节能，环保，可以得出答案。
2. 答案：A
考点：细节理解
解析：依据文章第三段倒数第二句：Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.可得到答案。句意为“达到这一标准会将建筑成本提高2%，但很快会被它的低成本运行成本补回”
3. 答案：B
考点：细节理解
解析：依据文章第四段第二句：Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing..可得出答案
4. 答案：D
考点：作者的写作目的
解析：本文主要让读者了解这类健康、环保、经济类住房。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.
The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both time and his good name. A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained. Time is more valuable than material things. In fact, time is life itself. The unpunctual man is for ever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable asset as well as others’. The unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or keep appointments promptly. But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it. He knows that he can not get through huge amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every piece of work when it has to be attended to.
Failure to be punctual in keeping one’s appointments is a sign of disrespect towards others. If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. Usually this will be regarded as a great disrespect to the host and all other guests present.
Unpunctuality, moreover, is very harmful when it comes to doing one’s duty, whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or fellow men.
1. What is an unpunctual person like?
A. He always does a thing when it should be done.
B. He is always very busy.
C. He always does a thing at the wrong time.
D. He always keeps the appointments.
2. Why is unpunctuality very harmful?
A. Because it makes a man lose many chances of doing important affairs.
B. Because it makes a man lose friends.
C. Because it makes a man work quickly.
D. Because it makes a man be more respected by others.
3. According to the passage, which is right?
A. The punctual person has no much work to do.
B. The unpunctual person is very rich. (from )
C. The unpunctual person is often respected by his friends.
D. The unpunctual person loses what can’t be regained again.
4. According to the passage, what are good manners when you are invited to a party?
A. Arriving at the appointed time. B. Arriving before all other guests.
C. Arriving after all other guests. D. Keeping all other guests waiting.
5. Why is a person always unpunctual?
A. He is too busy. B. He has too much work to do.
C. He does care much about time. D. He doesn’t manage his time properly.
【参考答案及解析】

1. C 事实细节题。根据文章第 2 段第 1 句 The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time 可知，答案选 C。
2. B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句 A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or fellow men 可知，答案选B。
3. D 推理判断题。根据文章第 2 段第 3 句 A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained time is more valuable than material things 可知，答案选 D。
4. A 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 2 段可知，答案选 A。
5. D 推理判断题。根据文章第 2 段中间的一句 The unpunctual man is for ever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable asset as well as others’ 及下文内容可知，答案选 D。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self－made billionaire gives life advice, it’s probably worth listening to.
Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese，you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.
A book written by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hopes that the gods will give you good fortune；it’s practical advice you can follow each day.
Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he separated volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper，” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.
It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”， in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.
I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.
As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.
Finally, try to turn bad luck into good.Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.
1. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?
A．Make the best of a bad job.
B．Rome was not built in a day.
C．All that glitters is not gold.
D．A good heart conquers ill fortune.
2. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?
A．She became famous through her family background.
B．She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.
C．She is a British talk show host.
D．She became successful by her own effort.
3. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________.
A. luck is in your own hand
B．bad luck can turn into good
C．you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you
D．man can conquer nature
4. The underlined word “spot” is the closest in meaning to“________”.
A．recognize B．mark
C．locate D．receive
[解题导语]　本文为议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。
1. 解析：选A。 推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为