谓语动词的时态省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

谓语动词时态谓语动词时态 Verb Tenses普通现在时(The Simple Present Tense)普通过去式(The Simple Past Tense)普通未来时(The Simple Future Tense)第1页普通现在时普通现在时(The Simple Present Tense)普通现在时表示主语状态，特征，经常或重复发生动作，或表示真理。如：He is fourteen.He is at school.他14岁了，在上学。Do you go to school at 7:00 every day?他天天7点钟去上学吗？She doesnt like apples.她不喜欢苹果The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳运行。第2页谓语动词形式谓语动词用原形；当主语是第三人称单数时，动词原形词尾有加-s改变。规则动词在词尾加规则动词在词尾加-s。在清辅音后读。在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅在浊辅音及元音后面读音及元音后面读/z/.在在t后面读后面读/ts/,在在d后面读后面读/dz/.helphelps swimswims knowknows getgets riderides第3页以字母以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾动词加结尾动词加-es，动词，动词原形已经有原形已经有e。只加。只加s，读，读/iz/;以以o结尾结尾动词加动词加es，读，读/z/GuessguessesFixfixesteachteachesWashwashesCloseclosesgogoes第4页辅音字母加辅音字母加y结尾动词，先变结尾动词，先变y为为i，再加再加-es，读，读/z/.flyfliescarrycarriesstudystudies*动词be普通现在时是am，is，are；动词have第三人称单数形式是has。第5页普通现在时口诀普通现在时口诀动词普通现在时，表示经常发生（）事。动词普通现在时，表示经常发生（）事。三单人称作主语，动词后加三单人称作主语，动词后加-s或或-es。主语之后是谓语，必定陈说语序，主语之后是谓语，必定陈说语序，普通疑问普通疑问do当先，否定谓语前当先，否定谓语前dont添。添。第6页动词加动词加-s或或-es方法口诀方法口诀动词三单现在式，普通词尾加-s。s,x,ch,sh在结尾，直接加上-es。词尾若是字母o，加上-es不用愁。“辅音字母+y”来结尾，变y为i是正规，-es后边紧跟随，study-studies看明白。第7页Exercise1.His sister _ kind of her neighbors.A.am B.are C.is D.be2.Is your father a doctor?-Yes,he is.He _ in town hospital.A.has worked B.had worked C.works D.worked3.If we _ the smaller computer,well change it in a few years time.A.will buy B.buying C.buy D.may buy第8页 4.Mary _ breakfast now.She often _ breakfast at 7:30.A.is having,have B.is having,has c.has,has写下以下动词单数第三人称come_ say_ buy_ go_ Make_ cost_ pass_ guess_carry_ rush_ catch _ stop_Comes says buys goes makes costs passes guesses carries rushes stops第9页普通过去时普通过去时普通过去时表示过去某个时间发生动作和存在状态，常和表示过去时间状语连用，如yesterday，last night，in 1989，two days ago等。My teacher wasnt at home last Saturday.She was in the library.我老师上周六不在家，她在图书馆。He got up at 6 this morning.他今天早晨六点起床。-Did you go to the supermarket yesterday?-Yes,I did./No,I didnt.你昨天去超市了吗？是，我去了。/不，我没去。第10页普通过去时要用动词过去式，规则动词词尾加-ed，不规则要逐一记忆。1.普通在动词原形末尾加-ed，-ed读音有三种：原词尾音为辅音，-ed读作/t/.work/w3:k/worked/w3:kt/原词尾音为浊辅音或是元音，-ed读/d/turn/t3:n/turned/t3:nd/play/pleI/played/pleId/原词尾音为/t/肯/d/,-ed 读作/id/want/wDnt/wanted/wDntId/need/ni:d/needed/ni:dId/第11页2.结尾是结尾是e动词加动词加-d useused livelived Hopehoped 3、重读闭音节词，单辅音字母结尾胡动词，、重读闭音节词，单辅音字母结尾胡动词，结尾辅音字母双写后加结尾辅音字母双写后加-ed stopstopped planplanned triptripped traveltravelled第12页4.结尾是结尾是“辅音字母辅音字母+y”动词，先变动词，先变y 为为i，再加，再加-ed,读读/d/.studystudiedcarrycarriedworryworried常见不规则动词过去式改变表:am/iswas arewere gowent havehad dodid getgot comecame saysaid seesaw putput eatate taketookswimswam第13页Exercise1.Some boys _(swim)in the lake yesterday.2.He _(get up)at 6 this morning.3.A month ago,I _(come)to our school.第14页普通未来时普通未来时普通未来时表示未来某个时间要发生动作或存在状态,常与表示未来胡时间状语连用,如:tomorrow,next week,next Sunday等.I shall go to Dalian next week.我下周要去大连开会。We shall have a class meeting tomorrow.我们明天开班会。第15页普通未来时组成普通未来时组成 普通未来时由“助动词 shall/will+动词原形”组成。主语是第一人称（I 和 we）时，惯用助动词shall，也可用will。其它人称用will。We shall have a football match next week.我们下周有足球赛。He wont come back until 5:30.他5点半才会回来。Shall I open the window?要我打开窗户吗？第16页 用“be going to+动词圆形”表示将要发生事或打算，计划，决定要做事What are you going to do next Saturday?你下周六干什么？We are going to meet at the school gate.我们将在校门口见面。Hes not going to have any classes next week.他下周没课。第17页shall/will 和 be going to 结构区分二者均可用来表示未来意图，不过“be going to”结构语义稍强些。I am going to/will climb that mountain one day.我准备/想未来某一天去爬那座山。对于事先经过考虑胡打算，计划，意图，应使用be going to，而不用will/shall结构。-why are you taking down all the pictures?-I am going to repaint the wall.你为何取下全部画？伙打算再粉刷一下墙体。（粉刷墙体是取下画之前就已经考虑好打算）第18页 对于事先未经考虑打算，计划，而是暂时对于事先未经考虑打算，计划，而是暂时起意，则用起意，则用will/shall结构而不用结构而不用be going to结构。结构。-Where is the telephone book?-Ill go and get it for you.电话号码薄在哪?我去拿给你。（这种使用方法惯用于会话时，乙听了甲画之后做出反应。）第19页在表示即将发生某事时，二者区分意义不在表示即将发生某事时，二者区分意义不大，多可交换。大，多可交换。-what is going to happen?就要发生什么事？-what will happen？将要发生什么事？(普通来说，Be going to 表示较近未来，而will则表示较远胡未来。)It is going to rain tonight.There will be a heavy snow in a few days.今晚要下雨几天后将会有一场大雪第20页 在含有条件（时间）状语从句复合句中，主语普在含有条件（时间）状语从句复合句中，主语普通普通使用通普通使用will/shall结构表示未来，而不用结构表示未来，而不用be going toIf it rains tomorrow,well stay at home.明天假如下雨，我们将呆在家里。（在条件（时间）状语从句中，不能使用will/shall结构表示未来，但能够用be going to结构）If you are going to play football this afternoon,youd better wear your sport shoes.第21页 表示不受主观意愿影响胡单纯未来，普通表示不受主观意愿影响胡单纯未来，普通只能用只能用will结构结构明天是教师节明天是教师节Tomorrow will be Teachers Day.在正式通知（如新闻媒体公布消息，气在正式通知（如新闻媒体公布消息，气象预报等），多用象预报等），多用will。淮河以北有大风淮河以北有大风There will be a strong wind to the north of Huai River.第22页Exercise1.It _ be Wednesday tomorrow.2.She has bought some cloth;she _ make herself a dress.3.I _ never do that again.4.All the students _ trees next week.A.are planting B.planted C.plant D.will plant5.There _ a League meeting the day after tomorrow.A.dont B.will have C.be D.have 第23页