定语从句合成句子市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。第1页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。第2页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。句子句子分类分类句子依据结构分类句子依据结构分类简单句简单句（五中简单基本句型）（五中简单基本句型）并列句并列句(简单句简单句+并列连词并列连词+简单句简单句)复合句复合句形容词性从句（定语从句）形容词性从句（定语从句）副词性从句（状语从句）副词性从句（状语从句）名词性从句名词性从句 主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句第3页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。1.1.何为定语从句？何为定语从句？教学目标教学目标教学目标教学目标2.2.定语从句惯用关系词？定语从句惯用关系词？3.3.定语从句组成？定语从句组成？4.4.先行词和关系词关系先行词和关系词关系?5.5.定语从句翻译？定语从句翻译？第4页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。the red apple the green apple The apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.1.1.何为定语从句？何为定语从句？定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词定语定语第5页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。1.1.何为定语从句？何为定语从句？假如一个句子担任定语，这个句子就假如一个句子担任定语，这个句子就叫叫定语从句定语从句。定语从句又叫形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰词叫先行词。引导定语从句词叫关系词。定语从句常放在先行词后面。第6页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。2.2.定语从句惯用关系词？定语从句惯用关系词？词形词形先行词先行词充当句子成份关关系系代代词词who人人主、主、宾宾、表、表whom人人宾宾 which物物主、主、宾宾、表、表that人或物人或物主、主、宾宾、表、表as人或物人或物主、主、宾宾、表、表whose人或物人或物定定关关系系副副词词when时间词时间词状状where地点地点词词状状how方式方式词词状状whyreason状状第7页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。I like the story which/that is moving_主句主句_从句从句3.3.定语从句组成定语从句组成（1 1）简单句简单句+简单句简单句 主从复合句主从复合句I like the story.The story is moving.先行词关系词做主语 第8页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。I like the book ._主句主句_从句从句3.3.定语从句组成定语从句组成（2 2）简单句简单句+简单句简单句 主从复合句主从复合句I like the book.You gave me the book.先行词which/thatyou give me关系词做宾语第9页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。This is the boy whose sister is a singer._主句主句_从句从句3.3.定语从句组成定语从句组成（3 3）简单句简单句+简单句简单句 主从复合句主从复合句 His 先行词关系词做定语 the boy This is .sister is a singer.第10页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。4.先行词和关系词关系先行词和关系词关系?I like the story which/that is moving.I like the book which/that you gave me.关系代词实际上是先行词关系代词实际上是先行词复指复指This is the boy whose sister is a singer.关系代词关系代词whose实际上是先行词实际上是先行词全部格全部格第11页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。(1)I know the boy.He can speak English well.I know the boy who can speak English well.that(2)This is the boy.I love him.This is the boy who I love.whom that 5.5.合成句子练习合成句子练习第12页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。(3)A plane is a machine.It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.which(4)The dress is new.She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new.which 5.5.合成句子合成句子 第13页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。(5)I have a friend.His father is a teacher.I have a friend whose father is a teacher.5.5.合成句子练习合成句子练习关系词何时能够省略？关系词何时能够省略？作作宾语宾语时能够省略。时能够省略。但但介词提前介词提前时不能省略。时不能省略。第14页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。5.5.合成句子练习合成句子练习 1.I know the boy.He can speak English well.2.Mary bought a bird.It was very pretty.3.Summer is the season.It comes after spring.4.I have a friend.His father is a teacher.I know the boy who/that can speak English well.Mary bought a bird which/that was very pretty.Summer is the season which/that comes after spring.I have a friend whose father is a teacher.第15页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。5.5.合成句子练习合成句子练习5.This is the house.Its wall is white.6.The man was American.I spoke to him yesterday.7.I cant find the house.My friend lives in it.8.I know the boy.You are looking for him.This is the house whose wall is white.The man was American who/whom/that/I spoke to yesterday.I cant find the house which/that/My friend lives in .I know the boy who/whom/that/are looking for.第16页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。6.6.定语从句翻译定语从句翻译 1.I know the boy.He can speak English well.我知道我知道那个英语说得好那个英语说得好男孩男孩2.Mary bought a bird.It was very pretty.Mary 买了一只买了一只非常漂亮非常漂亮小鸟。小鸟。I know the boy who/that can speak English well.Mary bought a bird which/that was very pretty.第17页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。6.6.6.6.定语从句翻译定语从句翻译定语从句翻译定语从句翻译 3.Summer is the season.It comes after spring.4.I have a friend.His father is a teacher.Summer is the season which/that comes after spring.I have a friend whose father is a teacher.我有一个我有一个他父亲是老师他父亲是老师朋友朋友夏季就是夏季就是来自春季之后来自春季之后季节季节.英语书写中，英语书写中，定语从句放在先行词之定语从句放在先行词之后后；译成汉语时，译成汉语时，定语从句放在先行词之定语从句放在先行词之前前。第18页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。6.6.6.6.定语从句翻译练习定语从句翻译练习定语从句翻译练习定语从句翻译练习1.I like the story which/that is moving.2.I like the book which/that you gave me.3.This is the boy whose sister is a singer.4.I have a friend whose father is a teacher.我喜欢我喜欢那个感人那个感人故事故事我喜欢我喜欢你给我你给我那本书。那本书。这就是这就是他姐姐是一个歌唱家他姐姐是一个歌唱家那个男孩。那个男孩。我有一个我有一个他父亲是一个老师他父亲是一个老师朋友。朋友。第19页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。Homework1.把句子依据结构分类及定语从把句子依据结构分类及定语从句相关定义句相关定义抄抄到课堂笔记上，到课堂笔记上，并能够并能够背背诵。诵。2.把第二个句子把第二个句子变变成第一个句子成第一个句子定语从句并翻定语从句并翻译译。第20页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。that和和which在指物情况下普通都能够交换在指物情况下普通都能够交换,但但在以下情况下在以下情况下,普通用普通用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine.This is the first book(that)he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1)先行词为先行词为all,little,much,none,few,the one,everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,little,much,every,no,some,any,noone of等等 修饰时。修饰时。(3)先行词为数词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词为数词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。第21页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。that和和which在指物情况下普通都能够交换在指物情况下普通都能够交换,但在以下情况下但在以下情况下,普通用普通用that而不用而不用which。(5)先行词是先行词是who或或who引导主句。引导主句。Who is the girl that drove the car?Who that broke the window will be punished.(6)主句以主句以There be 引导时引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语表语，或关系词在从句，或关系词在从句中做口号时，关系代词用中做口号时，关系代词用that.She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.(8)当先行词是当先行词是which或或which引导主句时引导主句时.Which is the book that you bought last week?(9)当先行词现有些人又有物时，关系代词用当先行词现有些人又有物时，关系代词用that.We talked about the men and the things thatwe remembered at school.第22页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。that和和which在指物情况下普通都能够交换在指物情况下普通都能够交换,但在以下情况下但在以下情况下,普通用普通用which而不用而不用that。(1)介词之后介词之后 Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中 Football,which is a very popular game,is played all over the world.第23页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：My sisterMy sister,who is twenty,works in works in a bank.a bank.The man The man who came here yesterday has has come e again.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺乏定语，是先行词在意义上不可缺乏定语，假如去掉，主句意思就不完整或失去意义这种从假如去掉，主句意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分亲密，句和主句关系十分亲密，写时不用逗号分开。写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很亲密，只是对先和主句关系不很亲密，只是对先行词作些附加说明，行词作些附加说明，假如去掉，主句意思依然清楚。假如去掉，主句意思依然清楚。这种从句，这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。写时往往逗号分开。第24页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。复习定语从句中关系副词复习定语从句中关系副词：when,where,whywhen,where,why第25页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。Ill never forget the day Ill never forget the day whenwhen I joined the league.I joined the league.on whichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。This is the house This is the house wherewhere I lived two years ago.I lived two years ago.in which第26页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于于“介词介词for+for+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。Do you know the reason Do you know the reason whywhy she was late.she was late.It rained heavily,for which he was late for the class.第27页