2021年湖南省娄底市双峰县第五中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析.docx

2021年湖南省娄底市双峰县第五中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.
A. picked up           B. looked up          C. put up         D. made up
参考答案：
D
2. The company was willing to provide us with what we needed, _____ made us excited.
A. what                     B. whose    
C. which                   D. that
参考答案：
C
3. The language in the company’s statement is highly ________, thus making its staff confused.
A. ambiguous    B. apparent
C. appropriate    D. aggressive
参考答案：
A
考查形容词。句意：公司的声明中用的语言非常含糊，因此使得职员们非常困惑。ambitious含糊的，不明确的；apparent明显的；appropriate适当的；aggressive有进取心的。由后面的“making the staff confused”可知，公司的声明非常的含糊，故A选项正确。
4. Could you please ________ such a thing again? 
   A. not to do       B. don’t do       C. not doing       D. not do
参考答案：
C
5. －－When _______ we meet again?
－－_______ it any time you like.
A. will; Do 　 B. will; Make
C. shall; Do 　 D. shall; Make
参考答案：
D
译文：－－　我们什么时候再相聚？　－－你喜欢何时见面都可以。"完全可以"。其他不合题意。
6.  ––I didn’t go to work yesterday because my car broke down.
––You _____ mine. I wasn’t using it then.
A. might borrow                                   B. should borrow  
C. must have borrowed                            D. could have borrowed
参考答案：
D
7. The ASL Ice Bucket Challenge involves daring _____ person to dump _____ bucket of
ice water over their head within 20 hours, or donate money toward fighting ALS.
   A. The; the      B. A; x       C. The; /   D. A; A
参考答案：
D
8. Xi’an is ______ most beautiful tourist city and I believe I’ll come for _______ second time.
A. the; a    B. a; a
C. the; the    D. a; the
参考答案：
B
9. Many firms give away small quantities of their productions as _______ so that people can try them before buying.
A. signs B. signals C. examples D. samples
参考答案：
D
10. — I didn’t watch the program “Britain’s got a talent” yesterday.
— I________, either, if my father hadn’t reminded me.
A．wouldn’t B．didn’t C．wouldn’t have D．hadn’t
参考答案：
C
11. Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.
A. should have done B. need have done C. would have done D. must have done
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，故选C。
12.          Your budget, keep a careful record of each dollar you spend every day．
    A．Follow                                     B．To follow
    C．Following                                D．Followed
参考答案：
B
13. ----- I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
------It was in his office _____he worked.
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
参考答案：
D
14. -Mum，I always feel everything is unfair to me．  
--Complaints in life ________ no sense，for things will be what they should be．
A． make               B． have made     C． will make          D． are making
参考答案：
A
句意：— 妈妈，我总觉得一切对我都是不公平。— 埋怨生活毫无意义，因为事情该怎样就会怎样。本句是一般现在时，说明现阶段的状况。故选A。考点：考查动词时态。
15. Before moving to Australia, the Browns ______ their cars and house in the USA．
         A．have sold         B．sold             C．were selling                D．sell
参考答案：
B
略
16. You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday, ______?
A. had you          B. hadn’t you       C. did you          D. didn’t you
参考答案：
D
17. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ____ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa.
  A. when  B. that   C. after  D. since
参考答案：
B
18. The teacher told the children ______ quiet in the museum．（　　）
A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep
参考答案：
D．
句意：老师告诉孩子们在图书馆要保持安静．
本题考查不定式的用法．tell sb to do sth 是固定用法，告诉某人做某事，这里"to keep quiet in the museum"用不定式做宾语补足语．故选D．
本题考查不定式，要掌握不定式的固定用法．
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As the saying go, treat others as you would like to be treated. If we want to be treated well, and we should treat others well too.
Two years before, I was admitted to a high school. I felt proudly and superior. Therefore, I always looked down upon my classmates who turned for me in their studies. One day, Tom asked me help him work out a math problem. I glanced at it, and said, “So easy, what foolish you are!” On hear it, he said angrily, “I won’t ask you again.” I was shocking. Only then did I realize why I was so unpopular with my classmate. From then on, I tried to treat them equally and helped them with all my heart.
参考答案：

本文通过作者的一段经历讲述了你想让别人怎么对待你，你就要怎么对待别人。如果我们想要得到善待，我们也应该善待他人。
第一处 将第一句话中的go改成goes 考查主谓一致 前半句句子的主语是the saying，为单数形式，因此谓语动词也应该用第三人称单数形式，故将go改成goes。
第二处 将第二句话中的and去掉 考查条件状语从句 在状语从句中，从句和主句之间不需要连词连接，故将and去掉。
第三处 将第三句中的before改成ago 考查副词 before指的是从过去某一时刻向前追溯，ago指的是从现在的某一时刻向前追溯，文中讲的是两年前的事，是从现在往前追溯，要用ago，故将before改成ago。
第四处 将第四句话中的proudly改成proud 考查形容词 feel为系动词，后接形容词来表示主语的状态，构成系表结构，故将proudly改成proud。
第五处 将第五句话中的for改成to 考查固定结构 turn to“求助于”，turn for“转为”。 句意：我经常看不起那些来求助我关于学习的同学。根据句意可知要用turn to，故将for改成to。
第六处 第六句话me和help中间加to 考查固定搭配 句意：一天，汤姆让我帮他做一道数学题。ask sb to do sth“请求某人做某事”，为固定结构。故在me和help中间加to。
第七处 将第七句话中的what改成how 考查感叹句引导词 what和how都可以引导感叹句，但是略有不同。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，foolish为形容词，故将what改成how。
第八处 将第八句话中的hear改成hearing 考查动名词 on为介词，后边加动名词做宾语，故将hear改成hearing。
第九处 将第九句话中的shocking改成shocked 考查形容词辨析 句意：我很震惊。shocked“震惊的”，通常情况下指人，shocking“令人震惊的”，通常情况下指物或者指事。此处用shocked做表语表示主语的状态，修饰人。故将shocking改成shocked。
第十处 将第十句话中的classmate改成classmates 考查名词复数 句意：那时，我才意识到在我为什么不受同学们的欢迎。此处不止一位同学，而是多个同学，故将classmate改成classmates。
20. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）（见答题纸）
Many students are now facing with problems like deciding whether to focus on science or art. Not taking the children’s interest or preferences in account, some parents force their children to make the choice as their will, that troubles many students.
Throughout our lives we have to make much choices. As students, we should talk to our parents or teachers especial on life-changing decisions. But when it came down to it, we’re the ones who must live with their choices. On the other hand, parents should try to help their children make the best possible decisions, instead forcing them to do something that against their will.
It depends on students themselves whether they’ll be science students and arts students. Just let their hearts show them the way.
参考答案：
Many students are now facing with problems like deciding whether to focus on science or art.
                        faced  或去掉 with                      
Not taking the children’s interest or preferences in account, some parents force their children to make
                                    into                                       
the choice as their will, that troubles many students.
                   which
Throughout our lives we have to make much choices. As students, we should talk to our
                                   many
parents or teachers especial on life-changing decisions. But when it came down to it, we’re the ones
               especially                               comes
who must live with their choices. On the other hand, parents should try to help their children make the
                our
best possible decisions, instead∧ forcing them to do something that against their will.
                         of                         或在that后加is
It depends on students themselves whether they’ll be science students and arts students. Just let their
                                                         or
hearts show them the way
略
三、 阅读理解
21. Hot Spots for Retirees to Start Their Encore Career
Encore Career: Vocational School Instructor
Retire in: Los Angeles, CA
Ever since IBM CEO Ginni Rometty coined the term “new collar” to describe well-paid jobs that require specific skills but not necessarily a degree, vocational schools have made a serious comeback. Apparently instructors are in short supply in sunny L.A., where there are 13 jobs at vocational schools for every applicant on the market. This is a great opportunity for skilled retirees since, unlike teaching at a public school that requires a state certificate, the only requirement here is that you be a seasoned expert in your field.
Encore Career: Business Consultant
Retire in : Miami FL
Consulting is a great option for a retired business professional looking to make their own hours, be their own boss, and earn as much or as little as needed to maintain their standard of living. For every consultant in Miami right now there are 13 businesses hoping to hire them. There's even greater demand here than in Washington D.C., which is typically considered the consulting capital of the world.
Encore Career: Tourist Wrangler
Retire in :Austin , TX
As the economy continues to boom and more Americans have extra income to spend, the tourism industry has taken off. This is particularly true in Austin, TX, where there were astonishing 36 tourism jobs for every applicant in July. Between four-star hotels, the noisy rock n' roll scene, and a new food culture, Austin is the place to be if you want to work in service industry.
Encore Career: Supporter of the Arts
Retire in: Charleston, SC
If you're a Baby Boomer with a degree in the arts, now could be the perfect time to revisit your passion for creativity., especially if you also want to live in the center of southern charm. Between the 14 art galleries on King Street in Old Town, an abundance of acting companies and theaters, and music festivals, it's not surprising there were 25 jobs for every arty applicant iii Charleston.
21. Which career focuses on an applicant's skills instead of a diploma?
A. Vocational School Instructor. B. Business Consultant.
C. Tourist Wrangler. D. Supporter of the Arts.
22. Which city offers an applicant more job options than the others?
A. Los Angeles. B. Miami.
C. Austin. D. Charleston.
23. Who is the text intended for?
A. Children. B. Graduates.
C. Retirees. D. Tourists.
参考答案：
21. A    22. C    23. C
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个退休人员可以重新开始职业生涯的热门地点，以及这些地点的详细情况和职业的要求。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后一句This is a great opportunity for skilled retirees since, unlike teaching at a public school that requires a state certificate, the only requirement here is that you be a seasoned expert in your field.可知Vocational School Instructor岗位对有技能的退休人员来说是一个很好的机会，因为不像在公立学校教书需要国家证书，这里唯一的要求是你在你的领域里是一个经验丰富的专家。即注重申请人的技能而不是文凭，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一、二句As the economy continues to boom and more Americans have extra income to spend, the tourism industry has taken off. This is particularly true in Austin, TX, where there were astonishing 36 tourism jobs for every applicant in July.可知随着经济持续繁荣，越来越多的美国人有额外的收入可以消费，旅游业也开始腾飞。德克萨斯州奥斯汀的情况尤其如此，今年7月，该州旅游业的就业岗位达到了惊人的36个。可知Austin给求职者提供的工作选择比其他城市多。故选C。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的标题Hot Spots for Retirees to Start Their Encore Career以及文章主要介绍了两个退休人员可以重新开始职业生涯的热门地方，故文章是针对退休人员的。故选C。
22. My track and field coach, Mr Jones, had decided to get the team to take part in the 4x100m race. It would be the first time that we were running in such a race. We needed to work as a team to improve on our speed. The most critical moment was the passing of the baton （接力棒） at the right time to the next runner.
Mr Jones had chosen me to start the race. The next runner would be Susan. In the beginning, whenever we practised passing the baton, something would go terribly wrong. I would either be going too slowly or she would be taking off too late. We needed to perfect it. At the same time, I had to make sure that I would not go beyond the yellow line.
Finally it was the day of the race. We were confident that the gold medal would be ours. Each of us had improved in our running speed. Our passing of the baton had been perfected during the practices.
My reactions were exact and accurate as I started running. Everything felt the way it should as I sprinted towards Susan. I held the baton in my sweaty palms, promising myself not to let go. My long legs moved me as fast as I could go round the comer. As I came closer to my final steps, my heart was beating faster than usual. The cheering by the spectators （观众） got into me and I became nervous. “What if we lose?” I thought to myself. It was then that I saw Susan in the far distance.
I held out the baton and continued running quickly towards Susan. Susan yelled “Slow down, slow down!” However, it was too late. The official held up the red flag. It was then that I realized that I had gone beyond the yellow line.
4. What does the underlined “it” in the second paragraph refer to?
A. Going too slowly.    B. Taking off too late.
C. Passing the baton.    D. Going beyond the yellow line.
5. Why was author confident of winning the race?
A. They worked as a team and were supported by the spectators.
B. They had perfected the running speed and the passing of the baton.
C. They had learned how to avoid breaking the rules in the race.
D. They gained an advantage of a stable state of mind in the race.
6. What can we infer about the author?
A. He ran too fast throughout the race.    B. He lost his focus in the race.
C. His start skill needed improving.    D. He was not well-trained in running.
7. How would the author feel after the race?
A. Proud.    B. Grateful.
C. Puzzled.    D. Disappointed.
参考答案：
4. C    5. B    6. B    7. D
本文主要讲述了作者参加一次接力跑比赛的经历。
4. 推理判断题。由In the beginning, whenever we practised passing the baton, something would go terribly wrong. I would either be going too slowly or she would be taking off too late.可推断出We needed to perfect it. 这句话的意思是我们需要完善传递接力棒，选C。
5. 细节理解题。由We were confident that the gold medal would be ours. Each of us had improved in our running speed. Our passing of the baton had been perfected during the practices.可知作者对赢得这场比赛有信心是因为他们完善了跑步速度和传递接力棒，选B。
6. 推理判断题。由The cheering by the spectators （观众） got into me and I became nervous. “What if we lose?” I thought to myself.可知作者在比赛中走神了，选B。
7. 推理判断题。由The official held up the red flag. It was then that I realized that I had gone beyond the yellow line.可知作者犯规了，所以作者一定很失望，选D。
【名师点睛】
细节理解题是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。
做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；
3.将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如：小题2由We were confident that the gold medal would be ours. Each of us had improved in our running speed. Our passing of the baton had been perfected during the practices.可知作者对赢得这场比赛有信心是因为他们完善了跑步速度和传递接力棒，选B。