上海市卢湾区陕西中学高一英语期末试卷含解析.docx

上海市卢湾区陕西中学高一英语期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. Fruit________several kinds of vitamins , ________ vitamin C.
A. contains; included  B. forms; including  C. forms; containing    D. contains; including
参考答案：
D
2. They are leaving for Hangzhou in ten days － __________, next Friday.
A. in other words               B. in many ways       C. on the whole        D. on the contrary
参考答案：
A
3. I don’t like ______ you talk to your mother.
A. the way    B. in the way that
C. in the way    D. the way which
参考答案：
A
考查定语从句。当way，time(次数)等作定语从句的先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词可以用that或in which,也可省略。故选A。
4. When you read a book, you should make a mark ______ you have any question.
A. where                              B. which                               C. that                                  D. what
参考答案：
A
5. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science _______ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.

   A. showed        B. has shown       C. will show       D. is showing
参考答案：
B
略
6. That is_______ I was born and grew up.
       A. There                    B. in which                         C. where                             D. the place
参考答案：
C
略
7. Living in the central Australia desert has a lot of problems, _______ getting water is the worst.
A. for which      B. to which               C. of which         D. in which
参考答案：
C
8. John, _______ university professor, is considered to be _______ success as ______ expert in the agriculture research.
A. a; a; an B. an; / ; an C. the; /; an D. a; the; an
参考答案：
A
9. Parents would do anything for their children but expect nothing．
A. in charge    B．in return    C．in relief    D．in trouble
参考答案：
B
10. Here are Daphne and David; _____ is my brother.
A. the later     B. later                       C. the latter        D. latter
参考答案：
C
11. I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to __________me.
A. convince    B. inform   C. guarantee    D. inspire
参考答案：
A
考查动词。A. convince 使确信；   B. inform告知； C. guarantee 保证；   D. inspire鼓舞。句意为“ 我不相信你所说的，但是如果你能拿出证据，那你就能够使我相信。”故选A。
【名师点睛】
1.convince sb. to do sth 劝说某人做某事He convinced me to go with him.="=He" persuaded me to go with him.
2.convince sb. of sth.使某人相信 He convinced me of his truthfulness to me. 他使我相信他对我是忠心耿耿的。 convince sb that + 句子-----使某人确信He convinced me that he was right 他使我确信他是对的。
12. ------ Can you help me ?
------- ________ my advice, in my opinion, and everything will be better.
A. Following  B. Follow    C. To follow     D. Followed
参考答案：
B
13. --- What’s wrong with me, Doctor Truman?
--- Nothing serious, just a ______ cold.
A. common     B. normal    C. usual      D. regular
参考答案：
A
14. The teacher asked us_______ in deep water
A.don’t swim   B.not swim   C.not swimming   D.not to swim
参考答案：
D
略
31. Sorry, I can’t go with you. I’m         a serious headache.
   A. suffering          B. suffered                    C. suffered from               D. suffering from 
参考答案：
D
略
16. --- Are you still busy?
   ---- Yes, I _____ my work, and it won’t take long.
  A. just finish   B. am just finishing   C. have just finished   D. am just going to
参考答案：
B
17. — Mr Smith was caught in a rainstorm yesterday.
— I have known that and ______ his new car was completely destroyed.
A. fortunately B. hopefully C. thankfully D. unfortunately
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——昨天史密斯先生遇到暴雨了。——我已经知道了，不幸的是，他的新车被完全毁坏了。A. fortunately幸运地；B. hopefully有希望地；C. thankfully感谢地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据句意可知，史密斯先生的车被毁坏是一件不幸的事，故选D项。
18. We will do it ourselves ________asking others to help.
A. instead of  B. instead C. but  D. however
参考答案：
A
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw a great diversity of robot. It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people, included playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.
参考答案：
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw a great diversity
                                                      where
of robot. It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real
  robots       amazing
people, included playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What’s more, the robots
      including 
were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most is
                                                           what            was
the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By
                      去掉
visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and
                                              especially
shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more comfortable∧ live in
makes                       to
the world.

4. included改为including  考查介词。动词include的现在分词形式including转换成介词，意为“包括...在内”。句意：看到那些机器人能够像真人一样做很多事情真是令人惊讶，包括下棋、弹钢琴和画画；
5. that改为what   考查主语从句。本句中what引导主语从句并在句中做主语，that在名词性从句中不能充当任何成分。句意：而且，最让我兴奋的是机器人进行的表演。
6. is改为was 考查时态。本文介绍的是1月5日我们一起去参观Robot World的事情 ，全文都使用一般过去时。所以本句也应该使用was。
7. of去掉   形容词短语a lot of许多，大量；该短语的后面要接名词或者代词。但本句中该短语的后面没有宾语，所以本句转换的“a lot”作为动词learn的宾语，介词of是多余的。
8.  especial改为especially  考查副词。在英语中副词通常作为状语修饰形容词、副词或动词；形容词通常做定语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词especially修饰谓语动词。
9.  make改为makes  考查主谓一致。本句的主语是it，这是一个单数名词，且本句表示评论，所以使用一般现在时。句意：人工智能是如此强有力要注意让我感觉到生活在这个世界里更舒服了。
10. live前加to 考查形式主语。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to live in the world。
【名师点睛】
改错中动词、连词以及上下文语境也是出题者经常会考虑的出题知识点，其解题方法如下：
1.动词错误的发现与解决
  英语中有许多的短语动词，是很难从字面上判断其意义的。其中与介词构成短语的动词是最常见的。我们在分析题目的时候，发现有动宾搭配的时候，应该考虑该动词是否是一个短语动词，并进而分析构成该短语动词的介词有无遗漏。对于短语动词的熟悉是一个长期积累的过程，需要随时总结与记忆。以下是六级考试中常见到的短语动词：
  account for；  add up to；  back up；  break down；  break away from；  bleak out；  break up；  break in；  break off；  bring about；  bring up；  bring out；  bring down；  build up；  call off；  call for  call on；  carry out；  check in；  clear up；  come off；  come around；  count on；  cut down；  cut off；  do away with；  dwell on；  fall back on；  fall out；  get over；  get out of；  get at；  give out；  give up；  give off；  hang on；  hold back；  keep back from；  keep up with；  lay off；  lay down；  live up to；  look into；  look forward to；  look over；  make up；  make out；  pass away；  put up with；  role out；  run out of；  set about；  take over；  take up；  take in；  take off；  turn up；  turn out；  work out 等。
还有一种常考的动词的用法就是语态。在所分析的文字中包含谓语动词，那么应该分析是否是这方面的问题。其中应该重点分析主语与谓语动词的关系是主动还是被动。  
2．连接词错误的发现与解决
例： However．a second person thougt that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners．
  本题所考查的就是比较连接词的用法。从前文的more我们就可以看出，下文的as是不恰当的，正确的答案应是比较连接词than.一般来说，比较连接词所考查的重点集中在as与than的用法上。句意中是否还有比较意义是很容易辨别的，我们一旦觉察到句子有比较的意思，就应考虑是否是as与than的用法混淆。
   此外定语从句的连接词也是要特别注意的。我们看 2000年6月的第74题：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known．在这里，句子的后半段很明显是一个非限制性的定语从句，所以应将it改为which.非限制性的定语从句的连接词在近几年的考试中反复出现，应该引起我们的重视。解决此类问题的方法是。凡是发现有复合句的分析对象，首先就要考虑从句的连接词。首先看是否有连接词，其次看连接词是否正确，尤其是which与 that的不同应用。  
3．语言环境类错误的发现与解决
   从历年的考题来看，语言环境类的错误是最有章可循的。这类错误一般是一行中的关键词与上下文所体现出来的意思完全相反。此类题的解决也较简单，那就是将不符合文意的词改为它的反义词即可。
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Bertha was a very pretty girl. Quite a lot young men wanted to marry with her, but she was not satisfied with any of them. One day, one of the young man came to visit her and asked her to become his wife. She answered, “No, John, I don't marry you. I want to marry a man who is famous, who can play music instrument and can sing and dance very good, who can tell interested stories, who does not smoke or drink ,who stay at home in the evenings, who stops talking when I'm tired of listening.” The young man got up, took his coat and went to the door, however before he left the house, he turned and said to Bertha, “It isn't a man you're looking for. It's a television set.”
参考答案：
Bertha was a very pretty girl. Quite a lot∧ young men wanted to marry with her,
                                             of                         去掉
but she was not satisfied with any of them. One day, one of the young man came to
                                                                       men
visit her and asked her to become his wife. She answered, “No, John, I don't marry
                                                                      won’t
you. I want to marry a man who is famous, who can play music instrument and can sing
                                                           instruments
and dance very good, who can tell interested stories, who does not smoke or drink ,who
             well                interesting
stay at home in the evenings, ∧who stops talking when I'm tired of listening.” The
stays                       and
young man got up, took his coat and went to the door, however before he left the house,
                                                  but
he turned and said to Bertha, “It isn't a man you're looking for. It's a television set.”
【分析】
本文是一篇故事。文章介绍Bertha的择偶标准
【详解】1.考查固定词组。句意：很多年轻人都想娶她，但她对他们中的任何一个都不满意。固定词组：quite a lot of“相当多”，故在lot 后加of 。
2.考查及物动词。句意：很多年轻人都想娶她，但她对他们中的任何一个都不满意。marry sb.“娶某人、嫁给某人”后面直接加宾语。故去掉with。
3.考查名词复数。根据one of可知后面的名词用复数形式，故把man改成men。
4.考查时态。句意：不，约翰，我不会嫁给你。句子用一般将来时态，故把don’t 改为won’t。
5.考查名词复数。句意：会演奏乐器。此处用名词复数表示泛指，故把instrument改成instruments。
6.考查good和well的区分。句意：唱歌跳舞好。此处是副词修饰动词，故把good改成well。
7.考查形容词修饰名词。句意：讲有趣的故事。此处中心词是“物”用interesting修饰，故把interested改成interesting。
8.考查主谓一致。此处主语是a man，单数第三人称形式，一般现在时态，故把stay改成stays。
9.考查并列连词。此处是并列的who引导的定语从句，在最后一个定语从句who stops talking when I'm tired of listening.前要加and。
10.考查however和but的用法。此处表示转折，however后面要有“，”此处没有逗号用but表示转折，故把however改成but。
三、 阅读理解
21. Dear Ana,
    In your last letter, you told me that your boss Stephanie was probably looking for a new job and you didn’t know how to tell her that you wanted to take her position if she left. Well, I’d like to tell you that there is no polite way to talk about this situation with your boss. After all, you are not one-hundred-percent sure that she is actually job-hunting. Even if you know for sure that she is, you can’t, because it’s not your business. Still, there are a couple of things that you can do to put yourself in a good position in case your boss does ride out of Dodge in the near future.
    First, you can have a general conversation with her about your career plans. Say something like, “You’ve always been supportive of me, Stephanie, and I’d love you to give me some advice on my professional development.” This will let your boss know that you’re ready for a new challenge. Ask her to give you feedback about how she thinks you can improve as a future leader.
    Second, ask for your manager’s approval (同意) to talk with the training department about any program the company offers. There may or may not be any training, but making the request will still communicate your desire to get into a people-management role.
    Third, you could say to your boss, “If there is anything you need my help with, I’d love it if you let me know. I am very interested in supporting you with anything you want to hand off.”
    Taking those three steps will make it clear to Stephanie that you’re ready to be her No. 2.
Best regards,
Liz
61. The underlined part “ride out of Dodge” in the first paragraph probably means “______”.
A. get fired by the boss    B. go to take a vacation
C. change to a new job      D. get a higher position
62. We can infer that Ana’s purpose for writing to Liz was to               .
A. tell Liz that her boss is looking for a new job
B. ask Liz if she has the ability to take her boss’s position
C. ask Liz for advice on how to find a much better job
D. seek advice on how to make her boss know she wants her position
63. Which of the following didn’t Liz ask Ana to do?
A. To let her manager know her desire for training.
B. To ask her boss if she needs any help from her.
C. To ask her boss for advice on her career plans.
D. To find out who is also trying to get that position.
64. We can learn from Liz’s reply that           .
A. Ana has never talked about her career plans before
B. Ana is very sad to see her boss go as she has helped her a lot
C. Ana’s boss Stephanie may not be looking for a new job
D. there are some training courses in Ana’s company now
65. According to Liz, if your boss is leaving for another job, you can               .
A. ask your manager to give the position to you 
B. write to let him know you want his position  
C. let him know you want his position indirectly
D. write a letter to your best friend for advice
参考答案：
CDDCC
22. B
     A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan．His wife，Gerrie，was still working in the local school cafeteria，but work for Dave was scarce，and the price of everything was rising．The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years．Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift-$7,000，a legacy from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch，who died in an accident．“It really made a difference when we were going under financially．’’says Dave．
    But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches．Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’generosity．In some cases，it was a few thousand dollars；in other, it was more than $100,000.
    It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than $ 3 milliorr-they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm．
    Children of the Great Depression，Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving. They thrived on(喜欢)comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase．
    Through the years，the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their Darents couldn’t afford it．“Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything，”says their friend Sand Van Weelden，“They could see things they could do to make you happier, and th