吉林省长春市市第八十七中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析.docx

吉林省长春市市第八十七中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. ---How do you like these two books?
---I don’t like _____ of them．One is OK, but the other is rather boring.
 A．all                            B．any                C．either             D．both
参考答案：
D
2. There is still some doubt _________ he is the best man for the job.
A. that                                     B. when                            C. which                           D. whether
参考答案：
D
3. She couldn’t help__________ when she heard that we couldn’t help __________the house.
A. to cry; to clean      B. crying; cleaning  
C. to cry; cleaning     D. crying; to clean
参考答案：
D
略
4. We feel _______ our duty to make our country a better place.
    A. that     B. this     C. it   D. one
参考答案：
C
略
5. Mrs. Taylor has ________8-year-old daughter who has ________gift for painting—she has won two national prizes.
A. a; a                                B. an; the                     C. the; a                        D. an; a
参考答案：
D
6. The effect teachers _____ children is greater than that of parents.
   A. have on                    B. get on                             C. make up                   D. take in
参考答案：
A
35.She won’t leave _______ her friends come back.
A. since        B. when        C. after        D. until
参考答案：
D
略
8. My new classmate told us about his trip to ______ Great Wall. He said it was _______ exciting
   experience for him.
   A. the; an          B.不填; the            C. the; 不填        D.不填; a
参考答案：
A
9. —I haven’t got my composition notebook yet, and I’m afraid that I am going to be out of luck.
   —Don’t worry. You __________ have it after Miss Liu shows it to your class.
A. could     B. shall    C. must   D. may
参考答案：
B
10. Everything depends on _ they will support you about it.
A. if       B. which     C. whether   D. that
参考答案：
C
11. Nowadays, people are __________ to smart phones so much that they even use them while driving.
A. applied    B. related
C. addicted    D. responded
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，人们对智能手机上瘾，甚至在开车时也会使用智能手机。A.be  applied to应用于； B. be related to与---有关；C.be  addicted to沉迷于；D. responded to响应，回应。故选C。
12. Because of the heavy snow, some distant Japanese villages are ______ from the rest of the country.
   A. cut off     B. cut out    C. cut down   D. cut in
参考答案：
A
略
13. There are lots of different ways to __________ what you want to express to target consumers when you are putting together an ad campaign.
A. get down  B. get into C. get through D. get across
参考答案：
D
14. His attitude ______ work made his boss angry.
A. in B. on       C. at D. to
参考答案：
D
略
15. -----where has his brother been ?
   ------No one knows. He has returned home safely but his missing made the police _____ .
A. to puzzle      B. puzzling           C. puzzled            D. be puzzled
参考答案：
c
略
16. It’s much easier to make friends ____ you have similar interests.
A. unless    B. when C. even though  D. so that
参考答案：
B
句意：既然你们有共同的兴趣，交朋友就更加容易。这里使用连词连接状语从句，A. unless除非，B. when当…时候，既然，C. even though甚至，D. so that因此，所以选B。
【考点】连词
【试题延伸】此题主要考查连词的辨析，选择连词主要是看前后句的关系，因果关系用表因果的连词，转折关系用转折连词，并列关系用并列连词，要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力和词义辨析能力。
【举一反三】Some people get in touch with each other by mobile phones__________ others keep contact with each other by e-mail.
A. when      B. before     C. while     D. since
C考查连词：A. when当…时候B. before在…之前C. while当…时候，然而，虽然，D. since既然，句意：一些人通过手机彼此联系，然而一些人通过电子邮件联系。选C。
17. The girl became famous because of the part she ______ in the film.
A. put           B. got            C. had          D. played
参考答案：
D
18. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from his class _____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why                          B. was                  C. that           D. because
参考答案：
C
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last evening, I went to a teahouse with my best friends Susan. Before the tea was serving, we talked to each other happily. When waiter came to us with the tea, we didn’t see him. Unfortunately, Susan raises her hand to comb her hair just when the waiter bent to put the plate on the table. Her hand hit to the cup, and the tea was spattered on her trousers. In my surprise, instead of complaining, Susan smiled,” So lucky that it’s not on my white shirt, and I can’t even clean it.” His words were very inspiring. We couldn’t foresee that would happen, but looking at it in a positively way could make us always happy.
参考答案：
1. friends-friend   2. serving-served    3.waiter – the waiter 
4. raises-raised  5. 去掉 to    6. In- To    7. and- or  
8. His –Her     9. that- what    10. positively- positive

20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday my friend Linda and I had lunch at the pizzeria (做披萨饼的店) behind our school. I know Linda isn't crazy for pizzas; she came along just because me. At the table next to me, there were two guys from our class. One of them was really funnily. He tried to imitate all the people in the pizzeria. We couldn't stop to laughing. But there were some customer who did not like the fact which two boys were imitating them. They complained to an owner of the restaurant, and he came over and tell them to stop. It was a pity because Linda and I was really having fun!
参考答案：
Yesterday my friend Linda and I had lunch at the pizzeria (做披萨饼的店) behind our school. I

know Linda isn't crazy for pizzas; she came along just because∧ me. At the table next to me, there
                about                          of                us / ours         
were two guys from our class. One of them was really funnily. He tried to imitate all the people in
                                          funny                                
the pizzeria. We couldn't stop to laughing. But there were some customer who did not like the fact
                        to                          customers     
which two boys were imitating them. They complained to an owner of the restaurant, and he came
that                                         the
over and tell them to stop. It was a pity because Linda and I was really having fun!
       told                                     were 
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友去披萨店遇到了同班两个男孩，其中一个男孩模仿店里的其他客人，逗乐了作者和朋友，她们度过了快乐的时光。
【详解】1. 考查固定短语。此处考查短语be crazy about热衷于/对……着迷。故将for改为about。
2. 考查介词。此处考查because和because of的区别，because+句子，because of+词，又me是代词，故用because of。故在because后加of。
3. 考查代词。句意：在我们旁边的桌子/在我们的桌子旁，有两个来自我们班的男孩。联系上文，“我和朋友琳达”同时来到披萨店，所以此处应用us代指“我们两”，也可以用“ours”代指“我们的桌子旁”。故将me改为us/ours。
4. 考查形容词。此处应用形容词作为was的表语，故将funnily改为funny。
5. 考查短语。句意：我们止不住地笑。结合句意，此处考查短语stop doing sth（停止做某事），故将stop后的to删除。
6. 考查名词的数。customer是可数名词，根据前面的were 和some可知此处应用它的复数形式，故将customer改为customers。
7. 考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，fact之后是同位语从句，从句two boys were imitating them.成分和意义都完整，故用连接词that。故将which改为that。
8. 考查冠词。句意：他们向餐馆的老板投诉，然后老板过来制止他们。结合句意可知，此处特指餐馆的老板，故应用定冠词the。故将an改为the。
9. 考查时态。本文讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且and和complained也提示此处应用一般过去时，故将tell改为told。
10. 考查主谓一致。主语Linda and I是复数，故谓语动词应该和主语保持一致。故将was改为were。
三、 阅读理解

21. Vitamin B could help lessen the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution，according to a new study published recently. In the first study of its kind，a team of international researchers looked at the damage caused by one of the pollutants that has the most severe impact on health：PM2.5.
Particulate matter，or PM, is a type of air pollutant consisting of small particles of different sizes. PM2.5 has a diameter of fewer than 2.5 micrometers，about 30 times smaller than a human hair. These particles are so small that they can go into our respiratory system (呼吸系统), resulting in lung and systemic inflammation (炎症) and stress.
The team found that something as simple as a daily vitamin B supplement could potentially reduce the impact of the tiny particles on the human body，although they stressed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small.
For this study，10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo(安慰剂) to check their responses. The group then took another placebo for four weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto, where an estimated 1，000 cars pass every hour. The bad air was delivered to the volunteers through an“oxygen-type” face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a B vitamin supplement daily made up of 2.5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of vitamin B6，and 1 mg of vitamin B12.B6 can be found in liver，chicken and nuts, and B12 in fish，meat，eggs，milk and some cereals.
The researchers found that four weeks of B vitamin supplements reduced the damage of PM2.5 exposure by 28%—76%. The results highlight how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight the harmful effects of PM2.5.
28．Why is PM2.5 harmful to our health?
A．It pollutes and poisons the air.      B．It is too much to be got rid of.
C．It carries viruses and diseases.     D．It is easily breathed in and damages our body.
29．What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A．The process of the research was not scientific.
B．This kind of research has been done many times.
C．Further studies are needed to confirm their findings.
D．Vitamin B is hard to obtain in people's daily life.
30．What is the text mainly about?
A．International researchers have a new finding.
B．Vitamin B could reduce the damage of PM2.5.
C．Particulate matter does great harm to our health.
D．Emission control and regulation are badly needed.
31．The new study was probably published________．
A．in a science journal           B．on a government website
C．in a fashion magazine         D．in a medical textbook
参考答案：
28-31 DCBA 
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。吸入人体内的PM2.5(细颗粒物)会导致疾病。不过，研究发现维生素B在一定程度上能降低PM2.5的危害。
28.【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These particles are so small that they can go into our respiratory system(呼吸系统)，resulting in lung and systemic inflammation(炎症)and stress”可知，PM2.5(细颗粒物)很小，能进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。
29.【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“although they stressed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small”可知，该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小，因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。
30.【解析】 主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段谈到PM2.5的定义以及PM2.5的危害；第三到五段告诉我们维生素B能降低PM2.5的危害，所以B项最能概括文章主旨。
31.【解析】 推理判断题。该文的内容为科学研究发现，很可能出自科学期刊。所以A项正确。
22. No one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon and part of it taken out. Today, however, we needn’t worry about feeling pain during the operation. The sick person falls into a kind of sleep, and when he awakes, the operation is finished. But these happy conditions are fairly new.
Long ago, operation had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best for him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.
Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called “laughing gas”. Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didn’t seem to feel pain   when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself. He asked a friend to help him.
Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Wells’ teeth. Wells felt no pain at all.
As he didn’t know enough about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.
Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never forgot this terrible event.
25. Long ago, when the sick man was on operation, he___________.
  A. could feel nothing              B. could not want anything
  C. could do anything              D. could feel all the pain
26. Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to_________.
  A. be afraid of anything           ` B. be ill
  C. feel pain                     D. want to go to the parties
27. If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he _____.
  A. still felt pain    B. felt very comfortable    C. felt nothing      D. would die
28. One who took too much of the laughing gas
A. would laugh all the time         B. would be very calm
  C. would never feel pain     D. would die
参考答案：
DCAD