2023年高中英语常考短语动词词语搭配专项总结归纳讲解.doc

动词短语和常用习惯体现
动词短语是许多省高考旳必考内容。有时一种动词可以跟多种小品词构成多种短语动词，有时一种短语动词又有多种意思。在平时旳学习中，我们要故意识地去积累这方面旳知识，这样才能使学习更高效。掌握好常用旳动词短语和习惯体现对于我们做完形和阅读旳协助也很大。
第1讲 常用动词短语（一）
考点1. break有关短语
break down
（机器）停止运转；（健康、精神）瓦解；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解
break away
打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱
break out
（战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发
break in/into
破门而入
break up

打碎、分裂；分手
Let’s break up the whole into parts. You must break away from these old customs.
The dog broke away from its owner and ran away.
After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. Why did the peace talks break down？
This matter will break down in water.
1He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _____.
A. broke in B. broke up C. broke out D. broke down
2.Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ______ in disasters.
A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D break out
3.— I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have ______.
—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D. closed up
4.The computer system ______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. 
A. broke down B. broke out  C. broke up D. broke in 
5.I was still sleeping when the fire ______, and then it spread quickly. 
A. broke out  B. put out  C. came out  D. got out   
考点2. call有关短语
call at a place
拜访某地
call on/upon sb.
拜访或看望某人
call for sth. (sb.)
需要，规定；接（某人）、来取（某物）；喊着要人取来
call off
叫走，转移开；取消，不举行
call on/upon sb. to do sth.
号召某人做某事
call up
(给……)打 ；想起，回忆起
call in
收回，召回
call out
大声喊
Call your dog off. The match was called off because of bad weather.
This problem calls for careful thought. They boy called out for help.
I’ll call for you at seven this evening. We call for the package at the post office.
The toy company has decided to call in the defective products all over the world.
6.The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to__all nations to take immediate action
A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on
7.It’s the sort of work that ______ a high level of concentration.
A. calls for B. makes up C. lies in D. stands for
8.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village ______scenes of my childhood. 
A. called up  B. called for  C. called on  D. called in 
考点3. come有关短语
come about
发生（不及物）；（bring about，使发生，及物）
come across
偶尔碰到（ meet with和run into也有这个意思）
come along
进展；一起来
come up with
想出（主意或计划等）
come out
（书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；（花）开放
come to oneself
清醒过来（oneself可以省略）
come to realize
开始意识到
come up
（在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论
Things are coming along fine. When does their new album come out?
The subject came up at the meeting yesterday. 这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。
9.If you ______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon
10.She ______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across
11.Would you like to ______ with us to the film tonight?
A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through
12.—Have you ______ some new ideas? —Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with
13.It’s already 10 o’clock I wonder how it _______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. 
A. came over  B. came out  C. came about   D. came up
14.His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has __ many good changes in their lives.
A. got through   B. resulted from C. turned into  D. brought about
考点4. cut有关短语
cut down/back
减少
cut in
插话；（车从前面忽然）插入
cut off
切断、终止（供应、 等）；使与外界隔断
cut up
切成碎片
The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year.
I’m trying to cut down on caffeine.
I was just talking to Jane, when Dave cut in (on us / our conversation).
Did you see that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)?
If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off.
Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. He cut the wood up to build a fire.
15.My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ______.
A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off
16.I was just talking to Margot when Jackson ______.
A. cut in  B. cut down  C. cut out  D. cut up
考点5. get有关短语
get along/on
（人）相处融洽；（工作）进展……
get down to
开始认真做某事（to是介词）
get through
结束、完毕；成功地联络；通过（考试）；渡过难关（也常用go through, be through）
get away
逃脱；离开
get away with
做成某坏事而未被发现或惩罚
get changed
换衣
get across
使理解，使相信
get over
战胜、克服（困难……）
get together
聚会
get to sb.
使某人受到影响（cause sb. to suffer or be upset）
How are you getting along/on with your job? She got through her exams without too much trouble.
I don’t know how I got through the first couple of months after Andy’s death.
The thief got away in the dark. If someone commits a murder, he won’t get away with it.
I wanted to come along, but couldn’t get away. We tried to get our point across, but he just wouldn’t listen.
The heat was beginning to get to me, so I went indoors.
I know he’s annoying, but you shouldn’t let him get to you.
17.We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s______ it.
A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to
18.I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to ______.
A. get away B. drop in C. check out D. hold on
19.Team leaders must ensure that all members ______ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.
A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over
20.If we can ______ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.
A. come across B. get over C. come over D. get off
21.After that, he knew he could ______ any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.
A. get away with B. get on with C. get through D. get across
22.Hardly could he ______ this amount of work in such a short time.
A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down
23.I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t______.
A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through
24.It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me ______ the clothes on the line?
A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on　　
25.I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we______ fine.
A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along　
26.—How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? —Well，I ______somehow. 
A. get along B. come on C. watch out   D. set off 
27.Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ______ before the party.
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change
考点6.  give有关短语
give away
捐赠；泄露（秘密）
give in (to sb)
屈服，投降
give out
停止工作; 筋疲力尽；用完、用尽；分发；散布、公布（消息、文献等）
give off/out
发出（气味、热、光等）
give up
放弃（后跟动名词）
The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away.
She thinks no one knows how much she likes him, but her face gave her away!
All machines gave out eventually. Our food supplies gave out.
Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride. The government gave out food to people out of work.
They stood there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by.
This milk must be bad, for it is giving off a nasty smell.
The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. He gave up teaching only two years ago. 
28.If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ______during the day.
A. away B. up C. in D. back
29.The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ______ on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out B. found out C. given out D. carried out
30.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has ______?
 A. given out   B. put out     C. held up    D. used up
考点7. go有关短语
go about
着手做某事（begin to do/deal with sth.），后跟动名词；到处走动
go over
复习；仔细察看
go off
爆炸；（枪、闹铃）响
go red/ mad/ blind/ hungry
go是系动词，“变得”
go ahead (with)
开始(继续)做某事
go through
(法律、计划等)通过，同意；经受（困难）；全面检查
How can we go about solving this problem? Didn’t you hear your alarm clock going off this morning?
We’ve received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents.
I always go over my revision notes just before I go into an exam.
You must go over the instructions of how it works before you use the micro-wave oven.
I’m going through my wardrobe and throwing out all the clothes I don’t wear any more.
Remember to go through the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine.
31.—Didn’t you have a good time at the party?
—Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to so quickly.
A. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over
32.—Do you think that housing price will keep ______ in the years to come?
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A. lifting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up
33.Would you please ______this form for me to see if I’ve filled it in right?
A. take off B. look after C. give up D. go over
34.To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test.
A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over
第2讲常用动词短语（二）
考点1. look有关短语
look around/about
环顾四面
look back on sth.
回忆(某事)，回忆(某事)
look down on
看不起，瞧不起
look forward to
期待，期望（后跟动名词）
look up
昂首看；(在书、字典中)查找；好转
look over
审阅，检查（to quickly examine）
look sb. over
上下打量（某人）
look through
翻阅，浏览（to read sth. quickly ）
look into sth.
调查，研究，理解； look into one’s eyes直视
look out
注意，小心（也可用watch out!）
look out for
留心（try to notice，也可用watch out for, keep an eye out for）
look up to sb.
钦佩、敬佩某人（look down upon瞧不起）
look after
照顾，照看
look on/upon sb. as
把某人当作……看待
I still shudder when I look back on the past. Things are looking up.
You shouldn’t look down upon the poor. The police are looking into the cause of the accident.
Look out. There’s a car coming! I had a few minutes before the meeting to look over what he’d written.
He looked her over and nodded lightly. We looked on her as a daughter.
While shopping here, you must look out for pickpockets. Many fans look up to Yao Ming.
1.I often ______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
A. look up B. look at C. look for D. look into
2.Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
3.It is reported that the police will soon ______ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
4.“Goodbye, then,” she said, without even ______ from her book.
A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on
5.No matter how low you consider yourself , there is always someone ______ you wishing they were that high.
A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up to D. looking down upon
考点2. pay有关短语
pay back
偿还；报复
pay off
还清（债务、欠款付出得到）回报
pay sb. some money for sth.
由于某物/事付给某人多少钱
pay down
当场支付，现金支付
Can you lend me some money? I’ll pay you/it back tomorrow.
He swore he’d pay her back for all she’d done to him. We should be able to pay off the debt within two years.
All her hard work paid off in the end, and she finally passed the exam.
6.The athlete’s years of hard training ______ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up
7.The watch was very good, and he ______ 20 percent down for it.
A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent
考点3. pick有关短语
pick up
捡起，拿起
去拿某物，去接某人
中途搭载乘客
（在实践中）学得（语言习惯等）
买（廉价货），用较少旳钱买到
见到、听到、闻到（微弱光、声音、气味）
（无线电）接受到（信号）
（中断后）重新开始，继续
跌倒后站(爬)起来
增长、改善：（风）变大，（车）提速，(生意､天气､健康等)好转､ 有起色等
pick out
(从众多人、物中)识别出；挑选
I went to pick up the phone/receiver, but it had stopped ringing.
When you’re in town, could you pick up the books I ordered?
Whose turn is it to pick the children up after school? The train stopped several times to pick up passengers.
My friends knew where to pick up a good second-hand bike.
We picked up the harbor lights as we sailed along.
Police dogs picked up the scent（气味） of the two men from clothes they had left behind.
Can you pick up Moscow on your radio? After lunch shall we pick up where we left off yesterday?
She fell off her bike, but quickly picked herself up. The truck picked up speed slowly.
The wind always picks up in the evening. His spirits picked up when he got the good news.
The economy is finally beginning to pick up again. He picked up nicely after a long careful treat.
It seems as if the weather may pick up soon. Let me pick out some good ones for you.
8.It’s surprising that your brother ______ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.
A. picked up B. looked up C. put up D. made up
9.Sam ______some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up
10.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly ______ my friend.
A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out
考点4. put有关短语
put aside
留出（钱或时间等）；暂置一边
put sth. away
把某物收捡起来
put sth. back
放回原处
put down
弹压；写下；放下
put forward
提出（提议等）
put off
推迟（后跟动名词作宾语）
put on
穿衣；上演
put out
扑灭（火）
put up
张贴；搭建；举起；提供临时住处
put up with
忍受
He put aside some money every month for future uses. Let’s put our differences aside.
The proposals that you have put forward deserve serious consideration.
Sally is putting me up for the weekend. I can’t put off going to the dentist any longer.
Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
11.I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to
12.The exam results will be ______ on Friday afternoon.
A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away
13.At the last moment, Tom decided to ______ a new character to make the story seem more likely.
A. put up B. put in C. put on D. put off
14.He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______ at a hotel for the night.
A. putting dow