2023年北京成人本科学士学位英语考试真题及答案.doc

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You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。Passage 1Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna(天线). But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer. “What we showed is glucose (葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢)(a sign of brain activity) increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna,” said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。Volkow said she was surprised that the weak electromagnetic radiation(电磁辐射) from cell phones could affect brain activity, but she said the findings do not shed any light on whether cell phones cause cancer. “This study does not in any way indicate that. What the study does is to show the human brain is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation from cell phone exposures。” Use of the devices has increased dramatically since they were introduced in the early 1980s, with about 5 billion cell phones now in use worldwide。Some studies have linked cell phone exposure to an increased risk of brain cancers, but a large study bu the World Health Organization did not offer a clear answer to this. Volkows team studied 47 people who had their brain examined while a cell phone was turned on for 50 minutes and another while the phone was turned off. While there was no complete change in brain metabolism, they found a 7 percent increase in brain metabolism in the region closest to the cell phone antenna when the phone was on。(77)Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care. “ Although the biological significance, if any, of increased glucose metabolism from too much cell phone exposure is unknown, the results require further investigation,” Henry Lai of the University of Washington in the U.S. and Dr. Lennart Hardell of University Hospital in Sweden, wrote in an article in JAMA. “Much has to be done to further investigate and understand these effects。” They wrote。1D 2C 3B 4C 5A1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Cell phone use is dangerous。B. Cell phone use causes cancer。C. The human brain is an electromagnetic field。D. There are about 5 billion cell phone users in the world right now。2. Doctor Volkow was astonished because _。A. her research has shed light on her understanding of cell phoneB. she found that cell phone exposure is harmful to human brainC. she found that using a cell phone for about 50 minutes could influence or change brain activityD. human brain is not responsive to electromagnetic radiation3. According to the passage, cell phones were launched _。A. in the late 1970s B. between 1980 and 1985C. in the late 1980s D. in the early 1990s4. What does the word “that” stand for in the second paragraph?A. Brain activity。B. Her research findings。C. The fact that cell phone use may cause cancer。D. Her research progress。5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Harmful?B. Cell Phone Radiati0n: Is It Useful?C. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Healthy?D. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Weak?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Human beings have always had an ability to attend to several things at once. (78) Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: Weve been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s. but there is no doubt that multitasking has reached a kind of warp speed in the era of Web-enabled computers, when it has become routine to conduct several IM(及时通讯)conversations, watch TV and use the computer all at once。But whats the impact of this media consumption? And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn, reason and communicate with one another ?Social scientists and educators are just beginning to deal with these questions, but the researchers already have some strong opinions。(79)Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for todays fast-paced work placed, Many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend。 Kids that are instant messaging while doing homework, playing games online and watching TV, arent going to do well in the long run。On the positive side, multitasking students tend to be extraordinarily good at finding and using information. And probably because modern childhood centers around visual(视觉旳)rather than print media, they are especially skilled at analyzing visual data and images。Many educators and psychologists say parents need to actively ensure that their teenagers break free of uncontrollable engagement with screens and spend time in the physical company of human beingsa growing challenge not just because technology offers such a handy option but because so many teenagers and college students say overcommitted(任务过量旳)schedules drives much of their multitasking。Just as important is for parents and educator to teach kids that its valuable, even essential, to occasionally slow down, unplugs and take time to enjoy life beyond the screen。6D 7C 8A 9D 10C6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How is multitasking define (定义)in the information age?B. How do people see new technology and the social change it brings about?C. How does technology change modern family life?D. Whats the impact of multitasking on young people?7. The expression “warp speed” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_。A. Low speedB. Too much time alone。C. high speedD. steady speed8. According to some teenagers and college students ,what causes their multitasking?A. Overcommitted schedulesB. Too much time aloneC. Inability to focusD. Fear of being neglected9. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Humans have begun to engage in the multitasking behaviors since the information age。B. Multitasking is a critical skill that students are required to learn at school。C. Only parents can help their kids to get rid of the multitasking habits。D. multitasking may prepare students for the reality of todays fast-paces work environment。10. What do educators and psychologist advise parents to do their multitasking kids?A. To cut off home internet connection。B. To seek medical treatment。C. To encourage their kids to have some social life。D. to help their kids to set personal goalsPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:The nuclear power emergency at a Japanese atomic power plant last March could lead to a major re-examination in European countries that are already building such plants or are considering a shift from fossil(化石) fuels to nuclear energy to fight climate change. With the terrible accident 25 years ago in Chernobyl(切尔诺贝利) beginning to fade in European Memories, governments across Europe have grown more open to using more nuclear power. Enthusiasm for nuclear power is particularly strong in Eastern Europe, which wants to move away from dependence on Russian oil and natural gas, and on heavily polluting coal-fired power plants. Eastern governments have begun improving existing nuclear plants or are building or planning new ones. But as Japan struggled to deal with her nuclear crises, discussion about the good and the bad of nuclear power became heated。(80)In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades。 Up to 70 percent of Germans oppose nuclear power. Recently about 40,000 people turned out to form a human chain near a nuclear plant to protest government policies on nuclear power. “The accident in Japan could lead to a major rethink in Europe,” said Henrik Paulitz of the International Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War. “Governments have not been quite open about the safety levels of the nuclear power plants。”Chancellor(总理) Angela Merkel heads a center-right unity government that supports the use of nuclear power. Her government recently made a disputed decision to extend the life of the countrys 17 nuclear power plants by an average of 12 years. She will now face more pressure the change that policy. She called an emergency meeting with her senior ministers. “We know how safe our plants are and that we do not face a threat from such a serious earthquake or violent tidal wave,” Mrs. Merkel said after the meeting. “We will learn what we can from the events in Japan。”11D 12B 13C 14A 15A11. According to the passage, which of the following about Europe is TRUE?A. It is dependent on Russia for gas and oil。B. It has put an end to fossil fuels。C. It had a major nuclear accident this year。D. It is likely that they would rethink their nuclear power policies。12. According to the passage, all the following statements about Eastern Europe are true EXCEPT _ 。A. they are eager to build new nuclear power plantsB. they have totally forgotten the Chernobyl accident 25 years agoC. they have improved their nuclear power plantsD. they want energy independence13. In the second paragraph, the author mainly discusses_。A. the nuclear accidents in Japan last MarchB. nuclear power policies in GermanyC. German attitude towards nuclear powerD. the safety levels of nuclear power plants in Germany14. The word “heads” in the third paragraph can be best replaced by _ 。A. leads B. tops C. minds D. arms15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Japans Nuclear Crisis Causes Fear in Europe。B. The Chernobyl Disaster Helps Europe Better Understand Nuclear Power Energy。C. German Governments Supports Nuclear Power Energy。D. Germany Has Learnt a Lesson From Japan。Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。16. By no means _to her parentsA. this is the first time has she liedB. this is the first time does she tell a lieC. this is the first time she had liedD. this is the first time she was lying17. You have failed toew tests. Youd better start working harder, _you wont pass the course。A. and B. but C. or D. so18. His children are well-behaved, _those of his sisters are very naughty。A. and B. so C. thus D. while19. How can you keep fit _you smoke so much every day?A. but B. however C. if D. otherwise20. The news has spread all over the country _ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth。A. what B.that C. which D. whether21. I didnt know your mobile phone number; otherwise I _ you the moment I got to Washington。A. have rung B. wound ring C. have rung D. wound have rung22. As they are retired, Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a hours in the country to _ their remaining years there。A. spend B. spending C. spent D. spends23. _ by this grandparents, jimmy wasnt used to living with his parents。A. Too bring up B. To be brought up C. Brought up D. Being brought up 24. Please remain _until the plane has come to a complete stop。A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated25. While watching television,_。A. the doorbell rang B. the door bell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings26. _,the pay isnt attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting。A. Generally speaking B. On the country C. In particular D. To be honest27. The robber had escaped and was nowhere to be found when the police _A. arrived B. had arrived C. belongs D. have arrived28. Professor Wilson keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated。A. is belonged B. is belonging C. belongs D. will be belonged29. This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be laid _。A. down B. out C. off D. aside30. Just take it easy and us exactly what has happened。A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk31. Some developed countries are trying to the serious problems resulting from the energy crisis。A. step up B. cope with C. cut off D. end up32. He is such a man who is always fault with other people。A. putting B. seeking C. finding D. looking for33. After the retired from office, Rogers painting for a while, but soon lost interest。A. took up B. save up C. kept up D. drew up34. fire, all exits must be ke