2023年电大学习资料变化中的英语简述题.doc

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 070141. What are advantages and disadvantages of teaching a local Standard English.?(10 points)Advantages of teaching a local standard English .1) they are easier and quicker to learn;2) they are useful where there are many languages in use in a country and no common language;3) only the minority of people needs a language for international use.Disadvantages of teaching a local standard English:1 ) local standards change quickly and are not well regarded internationally;2) If they are used internationally, they dont do justice to the users of Standard English;3) Local standards are emerging and changing, for this reason there may not be enough suitable teachers or teaching material.42. Name 5 approaches to ELT methodology. (10 points)1) ELT based on English literature and culture2) Pattern practice3) Language Lab Practice4) Vocabulary for everyday use5) Language teaching based on psychology and linguistics6) A communicative approach to ELT7) Error Analysis8) English for Specific purpose 0707Please explain the style of science English.1) Science English is difficult for the ordinary users of English.2) The style is remote and impersonal.3) The topics of the sentences are very often abstract.4) The passive voice is used very frequently.5) The style makes people feel they are looked down by the writer.6) The writers assume large areas of shared knowledge.7) The writer feels he is treating his readers as colleagues and equals.What would you say to someone who thinks that some languages are harsh and ugly or primitive and illogical1). This can only ever be an opinion, not a fact, because all languages are equal. They all deserve respect.2). All languages must be taken seriously and all languages serves perfectly well the purposes of those who use them.3). Some think a primitive language is a particular languages, which has no grammar.4). In fact some of the languages, spoken by people whose societies and ways of living are primitive, have especially complicated languages.5). So if someone says that a particular language is harsh or ugly, then thats an expression of his or her taste.0801Write short notes according to what you have learned in the course. (10point for each one)1. There are differences in American and British English spellings. Can you give 5 examples?2. Started as the variety used in South East England, Standard English is now understood and used worldwide. Can you explain what is meant by Standard English?A. Standard English refers to the English of writing or written English.B. It includes the grammar, the lexicon and the discourse of English.C. It has high reputation or prestige.D. It can be spoken with a variety of accents-British or American or Australian accents etc.E. It is the English of education, of official and government use, and of the news media.080741. Please explain the style of Science English.1) Science English is difficult for the ordinary users of English.2) The style is remote and impersonal.3) The topics of the sentences are very often abstract.4) The passive voice is used very frequently.5) The style makes people feel they are looked down by the writer.6) The writers assume large areas of shared knowledge.42. Name at least 5 approaches to ELT methodology.1) ELT based on English literature and culture2) Pattern practice3) Language Lab Practice4) Vocabulary for everyday use5) Language teaching based on psychology and linguistics6) A communicative approach to ELT7) Error Analysis8) English for Specific purpose090142. Please explain the style of science English.090742. Name at least 5 approaches to ELT methodology.100110071101060751. Started as the variety used in South East England, Standard English is now understood and used worldwide. Can you explain what is meant by Standard English？（5 points）Standard English refers to the English of writing or written English. It includes the grammar, the lexicon and the discourse of English. It has high reputation or prestige. It can be spoken with a variety of accents-British or American Or Australian accents etc. it is the English of education, of official and government use, and of the news media.52. When people say that one variety has more prestige than another, what do they mean？（4 points）They mean that that variety is connected with speakers who have wealth, education, power and all that goes with those things.53. （6 points）1）What is the position of English in a shrinking world？（2 points）2）Give historical reasons for its present position.（4 points）1) For historical reasons English has gained its dominant position since the 16th century.2）a) English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European languages. It was the national language of England then. Later, it was taken to the United States by the early explorers and settlers.b) After the US became independent from the British rule, English was made the national language for the new country and the expansion of British rule in many countries make it a language of administration across the world.c) English was the language of power, privilege and opportunity under British rule. d) As a result, English has become a language of science and technology, of international business, and of many enterprises across national borders since WW.060151. Explain the term culture imperialism.（4 points）By cultural imperialism we mean that the spread to other places/countries of products and cultural ideas that incorporate the use of English words; these are then taken into, and replace, the existing words/language used by that culture.52. （5 points）1）Name three countries where New Englishes have emerged;2）Give a major reason why this language form has occurred.1) Hong Kong; Nigeria; Malaysia; India 2）（1）These New Englishes emerged as a result of the influence of British colonization when English was introduced as a major language.（2）Local people used English and adapted and transformed it through the grammatical rules and structures governing their local language.53. （6 points）1）State two reasons that explain what is meant by Standard English.2）Explain how RP originated.3）Give two examples of how Chinese people might be exposed to RP through media broadcasts.1) Standard English refers to the English of writing or written English. It includes the grammar, the lexicon and the discourse of English. It has high reputation or prestige. It can be spoken with a variety of accents, British or American English or Australian accents etc. It is the English of education, of official and government use.2)RP originated in the public schools of southeast England when a teacher (person) decided that there needed to be “standard” form of pronunciation of English that was clearly understandable and would not be laughed at or derided as some local English dialects were.3) Through short wave radio transmissions of the BBC, visit BBC website0507 Social and regional varieties are connected. You can tell what region someone who uses the English of the poorer and the less well-educated comes from. The way the better-off use English tells you little or nothing about where the person was born.0501040704010307