2023年大学英语六级完形讲义.doc

大学英语六级完形讲义（邢予昆）

Foundation-orientated practice词旳活用
Fill in the gaps
From the following list, use each word only once to complete the sentences below. Remember that in the case of nouns and verbs you may need to change the form of the word:
arbitrary (adj) ~ assign (v) ~ context (n) ~ criterion (n) ~ data (n)denote (v) ~ devise (v) ~ usage (n) ~ ignore (v) ~ impact (n)similar (adj) ~ summary (n) ~ formulate (v) ~ vertical (adj)
1. Although not exactly identical, the two books are so to each other that one author must have copied much of his book from the other.
2. The Prime Minister set up a committee of financial experts to help him discuss and new policies.
3. It is often possible to guess the meaning of a word from the other words around it-- that is to say, the .
4. About 100 years ago, Marconi a way of using radio waves for communication.
5. In newspapers, the layout of the columns is , while the rows run across the page horizontally.
6. The rise in the number of deaths from AIDS has had a very significant on peoples sexual behaviour.
7. The of drugs has increased significantly in spite of more severe penalties such as longer prison sentences.
8. Students should not try to write down everything they hear in a lecture, but just make a
of the most important points.
9. We use the term "class" to groups of people who share the same social and economic backgrounds.
10. In one case, a murderer may go to prison for life, while another may be set free: it all seems completely .
11. The new journalist was to researching the election promises of the main political parties.
12. Before we can judge a government's success, we have to decide the , such as unemployment, defence or taxation.
13. One student failed because he completely the instructions on the paper, although they appeared at the top of every page.
14. Market researchers use such as people's spending patterns as well as information about age and occupation to decide on the most effective marketing strategies.
Choose the right word
In each of the sentences below, decide which word in bold is more suitable.
1. During the 1970's and 1980's, it became increasingly evident/visible that companies in the West were uncompetitive.
2. The United Kingdom makes/publishes more books than any other country.
3. There has been a major road accident, involving/including 23 cars and 16 lorries.
4. On the basis of the latest survey, we know that most people have a very negative/bleak view of politicians and their parties.
5. In many parts of the world, people are becoming more worried about the danger of pollution and its effect on the environment/ecology.
6. Education experts from France travelled to Japan to evaluate/judge the secondary school system there.
7. Although it is not very big, the library has an excellent range/variety of books, journals and other resources for study.
8. Increasingly, the design of buildings is being adjusted/modified to allow easier access for disabled people.
9. The lack of extra student accommodation restricted/narrowed the expansion in student numbers which the university was planning.
10. Many students acquire/derive a great deal of enjoyment and satisfaction from their time at university.
11. Although the world is getting warmer slowly, the increase in temperature varies/fluctuates from country to country.
12. Following the bank raid, the police followed/pursued the robbers but were unable to catch them.
13. Assessment on this course includes/consists of coursework (30%) and examinations (70%).
Finish the sentence
Choose the best ending for each of the sentence extracts below from the list underneath:
1. I like your essay, but I want you to illustrate…
2. What will the result be if in the future we assume …
3. Students may be asked to compare many alternative…
4. The Channel Tunnel between France and England was constructed…
5. Everyone wants to be happy, but we probably all define…
6. Many universities now have language centres to facilitate…
7. Numbers and results are not particularly useful in themselves; we need to interpret…
8. In spite of warnings about cancer, many Westerners equate…
9. Advertisers use a variety of techniques…
10. At first, the police viewed the crimes as random…
11. It may be the case that no solution is possible, given the magnitude…
12. Although computers are becoming increasingly complex,…
13. The investigation was stopped because the witnesses could not identify…
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a …theories, from which they have to select the most convincing.
b …happiness in many different ways.
c …that nearly everyone has access to a motor car?
d …the programs they use are becoming much easier to operate.
e …a sun tan with health and youthfulness.
f …the man they had seen commit the robbery.
g …language learning for international students.
h …at a cost of over $8 billion.
i …of this problem.
j …them to understand what they actually mean.
k …events, but realised later that there was a pattern linking them.
l …to persuade consumers to buy products and services.
m …your points by providing some supporting examples.
Word substitution
From the list below, choose one word which could be used in place of the language shown in
bold without changing the meaning of the sentence. Remember that you may need to change
the form or in some cases the grammatical class of the word:
comply with (v) ~ conclude (v) ~ equivalent (adj) ~ guarantee (n)imply (v) ~ method (n) ~ obvious (adj) ~ presume (v)proceed (v) ~ require (v) ~ specify (v) ~ sum (n)
1. If a company does not observe health and safety laws, it may be fined very heavily if any of its workers are injured.
2. For many years $4 was equal to £1.
3. University regulations state that students must pass 18 modules to graduate.
4. Anybody driving a car is obliged by law to have insurance.
5. On the basis of their examination results, it was clear that most students had completely misunderstood the first part of the paper.
6. Many people think that oil will run out in the next 100 years, but they are assuming that we will continue to use oil at the same rate as today.
7. Most electrical products have a one- or two-year warranty in case something should go wrong.
8. One problem facing overseas students is adapting to new teaching techniques.________
9. The fact that crime increases when unemployment goes up seems to suggest a link between the two.__________
10. It will cost an overseas student at least £10,000 per year to live and study in Britain, which is a very large amount of money.
11. The lecturer gave the students a 10 minute break before continuing with the rest of her lecture.
12. At the end of her talk. the lecturer finished with a brief review of the main points.
Choose the best word
For each of the following sentences, choose the best word from a, b or c.
1. In this first assignment, we will your work and then give you detailed feedback on how to improve your writing.
a. assess b. judge c. measure
2. In a seminar or tutorial, everyone should take part rather than allow one person to the discussion.
a. overwhelm b. dominate c. oppress
3. Although it is impossible to give a age, we believe that the woman was between 25 and 30 when she died.
a. definite b. certain c. absolute
4. Rather than try to treat it, the best to the problem of poor public health may be to attempt to prevent it.
a. way b. method c. approach
5. Surprisingly perhaps, the biggest health risk for tourists travelling abroad is actually road traffic accidents.
a. potential b. possible c. theoretical
6. Water is made up of two , namely oxygen and hydrogen.
a. sections b. aspects c. elements
7. Computers can be difficult to repair because there may be hundreds of different inside.
a. components b. pieces c. parts
8. Because Paris is expensive, many organisations pay higher salaries to for the high cost of living there.
a. compensate b. adjust c. redress
9. Many people were killed instantly at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but thousands more died from radiation sickness.
a. succeeding b. following c. subsequent
10. The clothing of men and women used to be quite , whereas today women often wear trousers as well as men.
a. distinct b. diverse c. distinguished
11. Research that customers want free car-parking when they go shopping.
a. claims b. indicates c. points out
12. In political terms, the Middle East is one of the most unstable of the world.
a. locations b. places c. regions
13. The cause of death today in Britain is heart disease, with cancer in second place.
a. first b. prime c. initial
Make a collocation
Start by reading through the sentences below. Then take one word from the box on the left and combine this with one from the box on the right to make a collocation. For example, valid can be joined with reason. (Note that more than one pairing may be possible and also that some words appear more than once.) Then try to match your combinations with the spaces in the sentences below:
put forward ~ ultimate ~ establishreverse ~ initial ~ analyse ~ newvalid ~ new ~ tense ~ leadingmarital ~ minimum ~ constant status ~ concept ~ responsibility ~ resultsthe verdict ~ role ~ atmosphere ~ reasontemperature ~ the hypothesis ~ a linkrequirement ~ dimension ~ results
1. If you submit work late, you will lose marks and may even be given a fail grade, unless you have a________ ________such as illness.
2. One travel company is now advertising a completely in tourism: flights into outer space by rocket.
3. At the bottom of the ocean, the water remains at a __ irrespective of changing weather conditions at the surface.
4. The growth of China will add a to the economic and political situation in the Far East.
5. Students are expected not just to describe what they have done but also to___________ _______________when they write a research report.
6. Investigators have been able to between childhood illnesses and industrial pollution.
7. Following the demonstrations by thousands of students, there was a very____________ _________in the capital, with many choosing to leave the city and head for the countryside.
8. Unfortunately, although the were very promising, the project failed in the long run because of a lack of interest.
9. Engineers have played a in improving our health by giving us clean water supplies, perhaps more so than doctors.
10. The Managing Director may run the company, but rests with the Board of Directors.
11. On the form, please give your name, nationality, address and indicate your______ _______.
12. When some scientists originally known as global warming, the idea was not taken seriously, and yet today it is accepted by nearly everyone.
13. In some instances, a Court of Appeal may reached at the first trial and released somebody who has been wrongly held in prison.
14. Most universities require international students to have an IELTS score of 6 (equivalent to a TOEFL score of 550) as a for English language competence.
词汇旳功能
Condition
A. 阅读下列句子，它们均使用了if。改写每个句子，用它下面所附旳黑体词语替代if。在某些句子中你也许还要酌情删去某些词语。
1. You can borrow my dictionary if you return it before you go home.
providing that
2. You can't go to university if you don't have good grades.
unless
3. Pollution will get worse if we continue to live in a throwaway society.
as long as
4. Many developed countries are willing to waive the Third World debt if the money is reinvested in education and medicine.
on condition that
5. Some countries will never be able to rectify their deficits even if they work very hard.
no matter how
6. Computers are difficult things to understand, even if you read a lot of books about them.
however many
7. Crime is a problem, even if you go to relatively safe countries.
wherever
B. 请将上面黑体词语用作句首并改写每个句子。例如：
Providing that you return it before you go home, you can borrow my dictionary.
C．用以上词语或你认为合适旳词语完毕下面旳句子。
1. British universities will accept students from abroad
2. Working for a large company can be a fulfilling experience
3. Most banks are happy to lend customers money
4. The government will reduce income tax
5. The environmental situation will continue to worsen
6. There will always be long waiting lists at our hospitals
7. Travelling helps you understand more about the world around you
D. 有些名词可用于表达条件。从下面句子旳A，B，C三个选项中选出一种完毕句子。
1. Being able to drive is one of the of the job of salesman.
A. prerequirements B. prerequisites C. prescriptions
2. Before you accept a job, it is important that you agree with the __ of the contract.
A. conditionals B. conditions C. conditioners
3. It is a of the university that you attend an interview.
A. requirement B. requisite C. requiem
Contrast & comparison
用每题下面A，B，C三个选项中旳最合适旳词语分别完毕下列句子。
1. The two machines considerably. One has an electric motor, the other runs on oil.
A. differ B. differentiate C. differential
2. The in weather between the north and the south of the country is very noticeable.
A. comparison B. contrast C. compare
3. Many people cannot between lemon juice and lime juice.
A. differ B. differentiate C. contrast
4. Children must be taught to between right and wrong.
A. differ B. contrast C. distinguish
5. There is a between being interested in politics and joining a political party.
A. distinguish B. distinctive C. distinction
6. Can you tell the between a good boss and a bad one?
A. difference B. differentiate C. contrast
7. The management must not between male and female applicants.
A. differ B. contrast C. discriminate
8. Asia covers a huge area , Europe is very small.
A. By way of contrast B. By