2023年西安交通大学(工程硕士)专业学位研究生试题.doc

西安交通大学（工程硕士）专业学位硕士试题
考试科目
基 础 英 语
考试日期
4月26日
考试地点

Time Allowed: 150 MIN.

Part I: Structure and Vocabulary (20)

Section A
Directions: In this section there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A. B. C. and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

1. People all over the world have learned to _______ solar power as a source of energy.
A. expend B. utilize C. consume D. destroy
2. Please turn off the TV. The noise will _______you from your work.
A. abstract B. distract C. subtract D. extract
3. The possession of language enables man to pass on his _______ his children and grandchildren.
A. intellect B. intelligence C. wisdom D. brains
4. It can be hard work teaching a class of _______ children.
A. live B. alive C. life D. lively
5. Today many young people’s ambition is to find a well-paid _______ at a multi-national corporation.
A. job B. work C. career D. occupation
6. There was _______ competition among youths to enter the best colleges.
A. tense B. intensive C. intense D. extensive
7. To enjoy a picnic on the beach is my father’s _______ for the weekend.
A. advice B. proposal C. suggestion D. schedule
8. He is just a man of _______ height and he has no differences from other in terms of appearance.
A. average B. common C. ordinary D. standard
9. The enterprise _______ through lack of support.
A. collapse B. falls C. fell D. collapsed
10. Education should aim to _______ children’s mind to its utmost potential.
A. harness B. cultivate C. use D. foster
11. Medicine has always been a very male-dominated _____.
A. occupation B. profession C. career D. job
12. Affairs between doctors and patients are a matter of _____.
A. rules B. morals C. criteria D. ethics
13. This project has been granted an annual _____ of $ 40 million.
A. fund B. payment C. budget D. capital
14. I cannot believe that it is _____ to spend so much money on it.
A. sensible B. sensitive C. sensory D. sensational
15. Only part of your character is inherited from your parents. The rest comes from your _____.
A. surroundings B. circumstances C. environment D. condition
16. What we are trying to do is to _____ young people to be responsible citizens.
A. teach B. educate C. instruct D. train
17. The modern world’s pursuit of material ends to the neglect of its _____ needs.
A. spiritual B. intellectual C. mental D. intelligent
18. Due to road works, three lanes of traffic have to _____ into two.
A. diverge B. divert C. converge D. divide
19. If he _____ in asking awkward questions, then send him to the boss.
A. continues B. persists C. proceeds D. insists
20. Tom is _____ enough to aspire to conversational fluency in Chinese in two months.
A. competitive B. successful C. energetic D. ambitious
21. Science and technology have in important ways _____ to the improvement of agricultural production.
A. witnessed B. assisted C. attached D. contributed
22. Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we radically change way we live.
A. but B. although C. unless D. lest
23. For professional athletes, _____ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.
A. access B. attachment C. appeal D. approach
24. The native Canadians lived in _____ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of life.
　　A. coordination B. acquaintance C. contact D. harmony
25. The mayor_____ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.
A. rewarded B. awarded C. credited D. prized
26. The writer was so ______ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room _____.
A. absorbed B. abandoned C. focused D. centered
27. In the Mediterranean seaweed is so abundant and so easily harvested that it is never of great _____.
A. fare B. payment C. worth D. expense
28. With the increasing unemployment rate, workers who are 50 to 60 years old are usually the first to be _____.
A. laid aside B. laid out C. laid up D. laid off
29. Lung cancer, like some other cancers, often doesn't produce_____ until it is too late and has spread beyond the chest to the brain, liver or bones.
A. symbols B. trails C. therapies D. symptoms
30. Tom, did it ever_____ to you that you would be punished for cheating on exams?
　　A. strike B. happen C. occur D. reflect　　

Section B
Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences. Each of the sentences has an underlined part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best keeps the meaning of the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

31. Behind these obvious ridiculous motives to anti-Jewish attitudes there was a deeper cause.
A. unreasonable B. sad C. reasonable D. encouraging
32. They acknowledged him to be the true God.
A. received B. admitted C. thought D. believed
33. The safety factor is primary in all underwater operations.
A. perfect B. the full view C. maximum D. principal
34. The Basque separatist movement is waging a campaign against the Government
A. conducting B. planning C. paying D. engaging
35. The London stock market surged to its highest level.
A. moved backward B. repeated C. supported D. moved upward
36. He has committed such a blunder, no one can save him this time.
A. made B. met C. ceased D. created
37. Sophisticated edit facilities allow complicated musical forms to be created.
A. Expensive B. High quality C. Clever D. Complicated
38. He was escorted by a group of soldiers under the command of Sarsfield.
A. safe-guarded B. captured C. arrested D. lead
39. The young man dreamed that a rich relative would die and leave him a legacy.
A. heritage B. will C. house D. lot of money
40. Joy was now having her hair done, seated on a mat on the floor.
A. chair B. bench C. small carpet D. stool

Part II: Cloze (10)

In every cultivated language, there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words ____41____ which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we ____42____, that is to say, from the ____43____ of our own family and from our familiar associates, and ____44____ we should know and use ____45____ we could not read or write. They ____46____ the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who ____47____ the language. Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people ____48____ and are not the exclusive ____49____ of a limited class. On the other hand, our language ____50____ a multitude of words which are comparatively ____51____ used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little ____52____ to use them at home or in the market-place. Our ____53____ acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's ____54____ or from the talk of our school-mates, ____55____ from books that we read, lectures that we ____56____, or the more ____57____ conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular ____58____ in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual ____59____ of everyday life. Such words are called “learned”, and the ____60____ between them and the “popular” words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.

41. A. at B. with C. by D. through
42. A. study B. imitate C. stimulate D. learn
43. A. mates B. relatives C. members D. fellows
44. A. which B. that C. those D. ones
45. A. even B. despite C. even if D. in spite of
46. A. mind B. concern C. care D. involve
47. A. hire B. apply C. adopt D. use
48. A. in public B. at most C. at large D. at best
49. A. right B. privilege C. share D. possession
50. A. consists B. comprises C. constitutes D. composes
51. A. seldom B. much C. never D. often
52. A. prospect B. way C. reason D. necessity
53. A. primary B. first C. principal D. prior
54. A. tips B. mouth C. lips D. tongue
55. A. besides B. and C. or D. but
56. A. hear of B. attend C. hear from D. listen
57. A. former B. formula C. formal D. formative
58. A. theme B. topic C. idea D. point
59. A. border B. link C. degree D. extent
60. A. diversion B. distinction C. diversity D. similarity

Part III Reading Comprehension (40)
Directions: In this part, you’ll read five passages. After each passage, there are four questions for you to answer, please mark your answers on your answer sheet.
Passage One

While anything can happen in the world of gold, no one expects bullion price to rise anytime soon. Desperation sales by Asian citizens and governments have been depressing gold prices for months. At this autumn’s price of about $290 an ounce, gold is going for 10 percent less than last fall and 25 percent less than in 1996.
American jewelry counters barely reflect that steep decline. A survey by the World Gold Council found that Americans paid about $83 for the typical piece of gold jewelry this summer, down about $2 from what they paid in 1996. “Most retail jewelers have lowered prices,” says Michael Paolercio, CEO of Michael Anthony Jewelers, one of the nation’s largest manufacturers of gold jewelry. “Have they lowered them dollar for dollar? No.”
Shoppers elsewhere buy gold jewelry with the sharp eye of an investor. But U.S. shoppers grab gold like blinded magpies, and they seem to disregard prices. In a 1997 survey of 2,107 Americans, the World Gold Council found that 85 percent didn’t know about the daily price of gold. Worse, almost half of those who thought they knew were way off.
As a result, the cheaper cost of raw gold has generally meant higher profits for retailers. Zale Corp., the nation’s largest jewelry retailer, for example, saw profits rise 36 percent in the year ending July 31, while sales rose only 9 percent.
The gold business has a long history of taking advantage of consumers. While today most jewelers won’t outright lie, many hold back information to make it difficult to comparison-shop. When a U.S. News reporter visited 10 jewelers, department stores, and discount outlets last week, only two shops were willing to reveal the weight of a gold necklace.
Still, it is possible to buy low.

61. That the retail jewelry prices remain high in the United States can be accounted for by all of the following EXCEPT_____.
A Asian citizens and governments have been selling gold
B jewelry prices do not fall as much as gold prices do
C U.S. shoppers are not smart enough
D jewelry retailers get higher profits
62. What does “they” (Par. 2, last sentence) refer to?
A Retail jewelers B Price
C Jewels D Jewelry manufacturers
63. What does “way off” (Par. 3, last sentence) mean?
A Losing their way B Going out of their way
C Not right D Going in the wrong direction
64. What does “outright” (Par. 5, sentence 2) mean?
A Rightfully B Wrongly C Directly D Openly
65. The last paragraph is likely to be followed by _____.
A how to educate U.S. shoppers of gold jewelry
B techniques of buying gold jewelry
C techniques of investing in gold jewelry
D cases in which steep decline in gold prices lead to steep decline in jewelry prices

Passage Two

Teachers always plan down to the minute what their students will be doing. This is good for kids, because it teaches them to stay on task and follow a schedule. But most homes aren’t run this way. If parents do plan their children’s lives minute by minute, what happens when that child grows up and goes to college? At some point, kids need to learn to manage their own time. This can be one of the valuable skills you help your kids develop outside of school. But it generally won’t happen all by itself, because there’s a big transition that happens when kids leave the structured school environment and come home. 
If you have kid stay alone at home, think hard about trying to find an adult who can be there and provide the support your child needs. If a supportive adult isn’t available, an expert named Martin recommends you find an after-school program led by experienced professionals who will engage them in creative activities, nourish them with healthy snacks, and assist them with their schoolwork. 
If you are at home on the contrary, to take some break after the guys get started on diversions, because it’s hard to stop and do something like homework. “If that little bit of downtime is television, good luck ... getting them to do their homework.” says a professor of child development at California State University, “TV is addictive.” A better way to help your child unwind is with a healthy snack. “Wait until dinner, make a plate full of energizing food. You could even dish up part of the dinner you’re preparing a little early for the kids,” she says.
While you’re sharing a snack, you can make a list of what your kids will get to do during their study breaks. The types of breaks recommended include shooting baskets, getting a drink, using the bathroom, or even playing a quick card game with parents. Your kids can be the ones to decide which breaks they’d like to take. But, as Freimuth says, your children will have to be honest about what kind of break will energize them and not upset their momentum.

66. The main purpose of this passage is _______.
A. to provide some advice for the parents about children’s education
B. to explain how to prepare a pretty snack for your children
C. to explain why the parents spoil their children
D. to describe children’s lives after school
67. The words “this way” in the sentence “But most homes aren’t run this way” in the first paragraph most possibly means _______.
A. to stay on the task
B. to arrange everything in details
C. to give some lessons to children
D. to behave in the structured school
68. According to the passage, the expert named Martin, appearing in the second paragraph, most probably takes up the following jobs EXCEPT _______.

A. a specialist in children education
B. a professional consultant in an after-school program
C. the leader of a research group about sports, such as basketball
D. mostly the same as what Freimuth (in the last paragraph) does
69. According to the last two paragraphs, the appropriate snacks that the parents provide will _______.
A. upset the children’s momentum
B. exhaust them by lots of dirty dishes
C. make the children get addicted to TV
D. bring more energy to children
70. Which of the following is NOT recommended for the break during the children’s study after class?
A. Shoot bas