unit6Williamsworth省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

English literature of Early Nineteenth CenturyThe period of Romanticism第1页Social background the Industrial Revolution major social conflict(industrial capitalist vs.proletariat)find expression of their political pursuits in spontaneous struggles and movementsthe French Revolution liberty,equality,fraternityRomanticism,a complex artistic,literary,and intellectual movement,came into existence.第2页RomanticismIt trumpets dissonant ideas against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightment.It was strongly represented in visual arts,music and literature.Representative figures Beethoven,Chopin,Wagner,Gericault,Delacroix,Hugo,Stendhal,Pushkinfind in strong emotions a source of aesthetic experience so as to put emphasis on experiences felt when confronting natures sublimity and picturesqueness.第3页第4页第5页English Romanticism nBeginning:Lyrical Ballads in 1798nEssence:reflect all that is spontaneous and unaffected in nature and man.nBest medium:poetrynEnd:death of Walter Scott in 1832第6页 Romanticistsnpassive romanticists:Coleridge and Wordsworthnturn to past for the ideal by the way of revolt against capitalist developmentnactive romanticists:Byron and Shelley,Keatsnpraise of the newly born proletariat and an ideal future society free of oppression and exploitationnessays of Lamb and novels of Austen and Scott第7页English Romanticism nMain features:Imagination Imagination is the supreme faculty of the mind.Imagination can change and create.Imagination can unify different elements into a complex whole.Suggested poemThe Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Coleridge第8页English RomanticismIdealization of Nature Nature has a healing power.Nature is a source of subject and image.Nature is a refuge from the artificial constructs of civilization.that Nature never did betray the heart that loved her.-WordsworthSuggest poemWordsworths Tintern Abbey 第9页English RomanticismIndividualism Man is the center of all concern.Romanticists emphasized the dignify of man.Man is an individual in a solitary state.Romanticists valued the exploration and evaluation of the inner self.Suggest poem:George Byrons Childe Harolds Pilgrimage 第10页English RomanticismGlorification of the commonplace materials:the natural,the commonplace,the simple common incidents and situations natural diction and languageSuggested poem:The Solitary Reaper by Wordsworth第11页English RomanticismThe lure of the exotic Wordsworth and Coleridge:lived by the riverside Byron and Shelly:self-imposed exile expanded the imaginary horizons spatially and chronologically -the middle ages -the distant placesallow free play to the supernaturalSuggested poem:Coleridges Kubla Khan第12页William Wordsworth(1770-1850)nA leader of English Romanticism nA lake poet nPoet of nature第13页William Wordsworth He was born into a lawyers family in 1770 at Cockermouth,Cumberland.His parents died when he was very young.He was taken in charge by relatives.He got his education at the Grammar School of Hawkshead.He was a worshipper of nature from his childhood.第14页Wordsworths birthplace in Cockermouth,Cumberland第15页Lake District第16页The Lake District第17页第18页Lake District第19页William WordsworthIn 1787,he started his education at St.Johns College,Cambridge,from which he graduated with B.A.in 1791.He had great sympathy with the French Revolution.He paid 2 visits to France.In 1795 he and his sister Dorothy settled down in Racedown,Dorsetshire.In 1797 he met Coleridge and they started a friendship considered as one of the most extraordinary in English literature.In 1798,Wordsworth and Coleridge published their Lyrical Ballads.第20页William WordsworthIn 1798 and 1799,he made a tour around Germany.Wordsworth was totally disillusioned by the Jacobin dictatorship and the French invasion of other European countries.He became conservative in politics.Upon his return to England,he and his sister retired to Dove Cottage in Grasmere,the most beautiful place in the Lake District.Coleridge&Robert Southey lived a stones throw from their dwelling place.The three poets came to be known as Lake Poets.In 1802,Wordsworth got married to Mary Hutchingson.In 1813,he got a sinecure job as distributor of stamps.第21页Grasmere in Lake District and Dove Cottage第22页William WordsworthIn 1842,he received the government pension and in the following year,he succeeded Southey as Poet Laureate.He died at Rydal Mount on April 23rd 1850 and was buried in the Grasmere churchyard.第23页Old Residence of William Wordsworthin Rydal Mount第24页Gravestone of Wordsworth,Grasmere第25页Wordsworths major worksWordsworths fame lies chiefly in his short poems.His short poems fall into 2 categories:poems about nature and human life.He is a“worshipper of nature”.His best known poems of nature include:I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,Tintern Abbey,To the Cuckoo,My Heart Leaps up,To a Butterfly,An Evening Walk.His best known poems about human life include:Lucy Poems,The Solitary Reaper,The Old Cumberland Beggar,Michael.第26页Wordsworths major worksWordsworth wrote many sonnets.His famous sonnets are:Upon Westminster Bridge,On the Extinction of the Venetian Republic,威威尼尼斯斯共共和和国国毁毁灭灭&Thought of a Briton on the Subjugation of Switzerland.一个英国人一个英国人对对征服瑞士思索征服瑞士思索His best known long poem is The Prelude.In this poem Wordsworth analyzes the growth of his poetic genius during his childhood and youth,and recalls the lessons he owes to nature.Wordsworths greatest contribution to English literature is his poems and his Preface to The Lyrical Ballads.第27页Preface to Lyrical BalladsThough The Lyrical Ballads is known as the collaborated work of Wordsworth and Coleridge,all the poems but one(The Rime of The Ancient Mariner)are written by Wordsworth.Most of his most quoted poem are taken from this collection.Wordsworths Preface(1800)to Lyrical Ballads is the manifesto of English Romanticism.He is primarily concerned to justify the kind of his poems which he had contributed to Lyrical Ballads.第28页Key points in his PrefaceDefinition of a poet He(poet)is a man speaking to men:a man,it is true,endowed with more lively sensibility,more enthusiasm and tenderness,who has a greater knowledge of human nature,and a more comprehensive soul,than are supposed to be common among mankind.第29页Key points in his PrefaceCreative process of authentic poetry Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling:it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility:the emotion is contemplated till,by a species of reaction,the tranquility gradually disappears,and an emotion,kindred(similar)to that which before was the subject of contemplation,is gradually produced,and does itself actually exist in the mind.In this mood successful composition generally begins第30页Key points in his PrefaceSubject matter&poetic language The principal objectwas to choose incidents and situations from common life,and to relate or describe them,throughout,as far as was possible in a selection of language really used by men,and at the same time,to throw over them a certain coloring of imagination,whereby ordinary things should be presented in an unusual aspect第31页Key points in his PrefaceHumble and rustic life was generally chosen,because,in that condition,the essential passions of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturityThe language,too,of these men has been adopted(purified indeed from what appear to be its real defects,from all lasting and rational causes of dislike or disgust)because such men hourly communicate with the best objects from which the best part of language is originally derived.第32页His Features 1)A poet of natureSensitive to every subtle change in the world around himBest at the truthful presentation of natureFinding abundant beauty in the common world.City life tends to weaken and pervert humanity;a return to nature and its simple way of life is the only remedy for human wretchedness2)The common life The joys and sorrows of the common people are his themes.3)Simple,colloquial language第33页Wordsworth is regarded as a worshipper of nature.He can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud is perhaps the most anthologized poem in English literature,and one that takes us to the core of Wordsworths poetic beliefs.第34页第35页第36页I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud(To Daffodils)I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host,of golden daffodils:Beside the lake,beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.第37页I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.第38页I Wandered Lonely as a CloudThe waves beside them danced;but theyOutdid the sparkling waves in glee;A poet could not but be gay;In such a jocund company;I gazed-and gazed-but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:第39页For oft,when on my couch I lieIn vacant in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud第40页Questions for Discussion1.What is your general impression on this poem?2.What does the image of cloud suggest to you?3.What has cheered the poet up?4.What has the poet meditated from what he has described?And the theme?5.Do you think that nature can have the healing effect on mind?6.Pay attention to the tense used in this poem.What does it indicate?第41页Question 1nWhat is your general impression on this poem?第42页Question 2 nWhat does the image of cloud suggest to you?nI wandered lonely as a cloud-lonelinessnThat floats on-aimlessnessnHigh over vales and hills-solitude,isolation,aloofnessLoneliness,isolation,solitude,aimlessness,aloofnessnCloud represents the feelings of the speaker(the poet)essentially.第43页Question 3nWhat has cheered the poet up?And how?na host of golden daffodils,nfluttering,dancing and glittering daffodilsnShine and twinkle as the starsnStretched endlesslynThe cloud-like poet is deeply attracted by the beauty of the nature and turns to be high-spirited,instead of being lonely any more.第44页Question 4nWhat has the poet meditated from what he has described?And the theme?nIn loneliness or in low spirit,the recollection of the nature beauty brings him“the bliss”and“pleasure”in his heart.nTherefore the idea of going back to nature is advocated and clearly expressed in this poem.第45页Question 5nDo you think that nature can have the healing effect on mind?第46页第47页第48页第49页第50页Question 6nPay attention to the tense used in this poem.What does it indicate?npast tensenthe recollection of the past experience will arouse a new sense of the old memories“what wealth the show to me had brought”“the bliss of solitude/flash upon that inward eye”第51页Quotes“Poetry takes its origin from emotion recollections in tranquility tranquil contemplation of an emotional experience matures the feeling and sensation,and makes possible the creation of good poetry like the mellow of old wine”.-William Wordsworth第52页Summary of the poemnWhat does the poem impress you most?nUse of imagenVivid description of naturenDaily language 第53页Appreciation of the Poem:The four six-line stanzas of this poem follow a quatrain-couplet rhyme scheme:ABABCC.Each line is metered in iambic tetrameter.The language:simplicity and purityTone:merry and relaxingThe poem can be divided into two parts:scenery and emotion.The plot is extremely simple,depicting the poets wandering and his discovery of a field of daffodils by a lake,the memory of which pleases him and comforts him when he is lonely,bored,or restless.第54页Stanza 1:The persona“I”was surprised to see a stretch land of golden daffodils.There is a comma after a crowd,a host for a pause due to his sudden discovery and surprise.The bright color of golden gives one a deep impression.Stanza 2:The poets responses:as stars twinkle in the milky waythe sublimity:vast,numerous,never-ending the inverted sentence:ten thousand the motion:toss,not shake due to“the breeze”第55页Stanza 3:daffodils vs.wavebut they/Outdid the sparkling waves in gleethe color:golden white/blue/green(brightness)the number:the golden tossing heads第56页Stanza 4:return to nature,bliss of solitude nature:inward and outward eyes In the final stanza,for the poet,the beautiful scenery in nature can heal peoples wound.When in loneliness and helplessness,people can recall the pleasant time in nature and thus to cheer up.第57页The chain of development:The breeze+the flowers own beauty=looks like theyre dancing joyously=affecting the waves on the lake nearby=affecting the poet(on-looker)immediately,but also having subtle long-term effects:with his own“inward eye,”in an empty,pensive mood,he will again and again enjoy this joyous dance in his heart第58页宋代黄庭坚逗留荆州时，有诗曰：借水开花自一奇，借水开花自一奇，水沉为骨玉为肌。水沉为骨玉为肌。暗香已压酥糜倒，暗香已压酥糜倒，只比寒梅无好枝。只比寒梅无好枝。第59页第60页第61页