2023年CET-4内部资料.doc

Model Test 1
Part I Writing （30 minutes）
Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write An Eye-witness Account of a Theft to describe a theft you saw. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.
Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the following news item.
1. A) Home-made rocket-propelled bombs in Iran.
B) Major General Michael Oates.
C) A lawsuit against Iranian government.
D) Small American bases in Iran.
2. A) IRAMs blasted away several small American bases.
B) IRAMs killed 3 U.S. soldiers and wounded 15.
C) Premature IRAM blast killed some Iraqi civilians and attackers.
D) IRAMs caused several deaths in a road accident.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the following news item.
3. A) He is a biomedical engineer, who has suffered from diabetes.
B) He is a father who tried to help solve the challenges faced by his diabetic son.
C) He is one of the people who took part in human trials of the artificial pancreas.
D) He is a great endocrinologist who has saved lives of a lot of diabetics.
4. A) They made diabetics’ pancreas work normally.
B) They explored the cause and risk factors of diabetes.
C) They developed a smartphone-linked bionic pancreas.
D) They marketed a dual insulin/glucagon pump.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the following news item.
5. A) They themselves wanted a personal space to relax.
B) They sent it to their kids as a gift.
C) They could play the cello after breakfast there.
D) They built it for Tree Top Builders.
6. A) Sandy Kiefer.
B) Bob Miracle.
C) Bala Sundar.
D) Dan Wright.
7. A) Cutting away parts of the structure.
B) Giving the tree room for growth.
C) Lifting the base on top of the tree bolt.
D) Installing the special tree bolt.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) The reproductive cycle of barnacles.
B) A new source of protein.
C) Types of sea animals.
D) The adhesive quality of barnacles.
9. A) They eat protein.
B) They never move from one location.
C) They cause erosion of rocks.
D) They will never be useful to people.
10. A) The location of certain ocean rocks.
B) The effect of water pollution on barnacles.
C) The medical value of some synthetic products.
D) The composition of the barnacle’s glue.
11. A) It is able to work on wet surfaces.
B) It wouldn't be harmful to people.
C) It could be used to mend broken bones and fasten false teeth.
D) It can help remove heavy things easily.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) She is waiting for the man.
B) She is waiting for her mother.
C) She is waiting for a bus.
D) She is waiting for the rain to stop.
13. A) Cold.
B) Very hot.
C) Cooler than the weather on the day of this conversation.
D) Drier than the weather on the day of the conversation.
14. A) Florida.
B) New York.
C) California.
D) Indiana.
15. A) Every 10 minutes.
B) Every 20 minutes.
C) Every half-hour.
D) Once a day.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A) Because he loved to make furniture.
B) Because he didn’t have enough money to buy it.
C) Because he wanted to show his strong creativity.
D) Because he took a two-week course.
17. A) Workers in the garage.
B) Jim himself.
C) Teachers in a car repair course.
D) Jim’s sons.
18. A) Reading books.
B) Surfing the Internet.
C) Asking for help.
D) None of the above.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) They sent a digital camera into space.
B) They dissected frogs.
C) They danced at the party.
D) They learned photography.
20. A) 20 miles.
B) 100,000 feet.
C) 80,000 feet.
D) 30,000 feet.
21. A) In February 2023.
B) In January 2023.
C) In February 2023.
D) In January 2023.
22. A) The equipment was totally broken.
B) The equipment was still working.
C) The equipment was melting.
D) The equipment was caught by a dog.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) It is more like a do-it-yourself diagnosis.
B) It is a pregnancy test.
C) It costs thousands of U.S. dollars.
D) It is available only for cancer.
24. A) It may result in discrimination in jobs.
B) People don’t want to pay out of their pocket for healthcare services.
C) It is not convenient to do this kind of test at home.
D) Patients may experience psychological harm.
25. A) It will surely have widespread application soon.
B) It will gradually become more and more useful.
C) There will be a growth in DTC genetic testing for all diseases.
D) DTC genetic testing is harmful and misleading.
Part III Reading Comprehension （40 Minutes）
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always 26 such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between “being a writer” and writing.
In most cases these individuals are dreaming of 27 and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer.” The reality is that writing is a 28 , private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never 29 .
When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelance-writer(自由撰稿人), I had no 30 at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was 31 and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a 32 writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to 33 myself. It was so hard to sell a story that 34 made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keep putting my dream to the test--even though it meant living with 35 and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.
A) barely
B) genuine
C) rewarded
D) doubt
E) lonely
F) poverty
G) persuade
H) prospects
I) uncertainty
J) impossibly
K) encourage
L) awarded
M) alone
N) wealth
O) cold

Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Rise in Asia
A) NEARLY 16% of Indonesia’s 250m people survive on $1.90 a day or less, as do more than 6% of Cambodia’s 15m people. In both countries, rice is the staple crop, providing more than half the daily calories of the poor. That puts needy Cambodians at a distinct advantage: between January of last year and April of this, the average wholesale cost of a kilo of rice in Cambodia was roughly $0.40, while in Indonesia it was nearly $0.70.
B) There are a few reasons why rice is more expensive in Indonesia. For one, it is a net importer, whereas Cambodia grows more than it needs. Indonesia is also a far-flung archipelago with abysmal infrastructure, which raises transport costs. But David Dawe of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), a division of the United Nations, has found that transport costs account for only a small share of the gap in prices. Instead, the culprit is policy.
C) Like many Asian countries, Indonesia wants to be self-sufficient in rice. But as well as trying to help farmers become competitive through investments in agriculture and infrastructure, its government, like others in the region, manipulates the rice market through a welter of subsidies, tariffs and other support mechanisms for domestic producers. These interventions, though well-intentioned, raise prices for consumers and harm the region’s poorest people.
D) Asia consumes 90% of the world’s rice. It is used to make flour, noodles and puddings. Babies and the elderly survive on rice gruel. Steaming rice porridge is eaten for breakfast in skyscraping hotels in Hong Kong and rustic village kitchens in Hunan. Alcohol made from rice—be it sake in Japan or rice whiskey in Thailand—is swilled deep into the night in karaoke parlors and roadside stalls. But rice is not just a culinary mainstay: it has religious and cultural uses across the continent. It appears on Buddhist altars and in offerings to deceased ancestors; farmers pray to gods who govern rice before the harvest and thank them afterward. In many Asian languages, the verb “to eat” literally means “to eat rice”.
E) The early adoption of especially productive strains during the Green Revolution briefly helped Indonesia and the Philippines to achieve self-sufficiency in rice in the 1980s, but for most of the past century they have been importers. The rice-exporting countries on the mainland have a big competitive advantage, in the form of large river deltas, which offer the perfect setting for growing rice and a handy means of transporting it. Peninsular, island and archipelagic countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines lack vast tracts of flat, swampy land. Their farmers produce more rice per hectare, but have a far smaller area under cultivation.
F) Many governments look back with fear to the rice-price spike of 2023-08, seeing it as a reason to build up domestic production so that they are not dependent on a fickle international market. In fact, the rice market is fairly stable: production has largely matched or exceeded population-growth rates in Asia. And global rice prices are no more volatile than those of the other two global staples, wheat and maize (corn), which also shot up in 2023-08.
G) But wheat prices rose because of weather-induced shortages and maize prices jumped because of increased demand for ethanol production. Rice prices shot up because governments panicked. India restricted exports, which sent the international price soaring. The Philippines, which had low government rice-stocks but ample private stocks and was on the verge of a record harvest, nonetheless bought massive quantities of Vietnamese rice at above-market prices. That helped spur a run-on rice in Vietnam. Thailand mulled restricting exports and creating a rice-exporting cartel, inspired by OPEC, with Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar. Elsewhere, smaller exporters cut exports while importers and farmers hoarded. Prices did not start falling until the second half of 2023, when Vietnam, Japan and Thailand all said they would boost exports, and oil and shipping costs started declining.
H) This episode was an object lesson in the perils of interference. But governments continue to intervene across the market. They offer trade restrictions, price support and hefty subsidies on power, fertilizer and water, mainly to keep domestic prices stable, assure supplies in times of crisis and protect domestic growers.
I) In one sense, this has worked. Across Asia, domestic rice prices are relatively stable. But the countries trying to reduce imports tend to have far higher prices than exporters. Japan, for instance, maintains its network of archaic, inefficient, heavily subsidized small rice farms. The average age of its rice farmers is 70. Japan imports rice grudgingly and taxes it heavily: tariffs on milled rice will remain at 778%, even after it joins the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a free-trade agreement under which Japan agreed to lower tariffs on other agricultural imports.
J) The government plays an even more outsized role in Indonesia and the Philippines, by directly determining the volume of imports. The quota varies from year to year, depending on how good the local harvest is expected to be. Both countries also set a floor price for farmers and a ceiling price for consumers. Vietnam, an exporter, uses quotas to restrict the amount of rice leaving the country, and thus stabilize domestic prices. Such restrictions create a lucrative opening for smugglers.
K) Governments not only dictate the volume of trade, they also buy rice directly. For more than a decade China’s government has been buying rice from local farmers at above-market rates to maintain its stockpile. The Indian government guarantees farmers a floor price in theory, but many do not receive it. The National Food Security Act, passed in 2023, is supposed to ensure that the poor can buy rice from the government at below-market rates from a network of around 60,000 fair-price shops. This byzantine, inefficient system—the central government buys rice and sends it to the states, who distribute it to shops—provides myriad opportunities for corruption. By some estimates more than half the grain is siphoned off, and tons of rice intended for the poor rot in massive government stockpiles.
L) Indonesia also guarantees floor and ceiling prices, and maintains a similar rice-distribution programmer, spending around $1.7 billion each year to distribute subsidized rice to roughly 16m families. This scheme has also been dogged by allegations of corru