华侨大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2017年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2018年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题2017年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part Vocabulary and structure(30%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For eachblank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that bestcomplete the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.1.It took five days to climb the mountain and only one day to _.A.disposeB.declineC.descendD.degradeC【答案】句意：爬上山需要5天，而下山只需要一天。descend下降；下来。dispose布置；安排；处理。decline（数量、价值、质量等的）减少；下降；衰落。degrade降低身份；侮辱的人格。故选C。【解析】2.Success in gradually overcoming her handicaps had _ theformerly shy and unhappy Helen.A.reconciledB.reclaimedC.transformedD.triggeredC【答案】句意：海伦不断克服自身缺陷取得的成功，改变了原来那个害羞且忧郁的她。handicap障碍；阻碍；生理缺陷。transform使改变外观（或性质）；使改观。reconcile使和谐一致；调和。reclaim拿回；要求归还。trigger触发；引起。本题强调前后的变化，故选C。【解析】3.Due to the invention of Thomas Edison,people could now useelectricity to _ their home.A.kindleB.illuminateC.gleamD.glitterB【答案】句意：因为爱迪生的发明，人们现在可以用电灯来照明。illuminate照亮；照明。kindle点燃；开始燃烧。gleam闪烁；发微光。glitter闪耀；闪亮。电灯照亮了屋子，故选B。【解析】4.The bottles carried the warning“If _ onto clothing or skin,washimmediately!”A.accumulatedB.litteredC.dispersedD.splashedD【答案】句意：瓶身上写着警告事项：“如果不小心溅到衣物或者皮肤，请立即清洗！”。splash（把衣服等）溅污。accumulate积累；积聚。litter乱扔；使乱七八糟。disperse驱散；散开；传播。故选D。【解析】5.Every year,thousands of passengers are killed because of _behavior of a drunk driver.A.unreasonableB.recklessC.haughtyD.casualB【答案】句意：每年成千上万的行人都因司机酒驾这种不计后果的行为而毙命。reckless鲁莽的；不计后果的；轻率的。unreasonable不合理的；不公正的。haughty高傲自大的。casual不经意的；漫不经心的。本题强调酒驾司机不负责任，不尊重他人生命的轻率态度，故选B。【解析】6.Language makes possible the exchange and the _ of ideasbetween men.A.interactionB.transmissionC.extensionD.recommendationA【答案】句意：语言使得思想之间的交流和互动成为可能。interaction相互作用，相互影响，互动。transmission（电子信号，数据）传播；传递。extension延伸；延长；recommendation推荐，介绍。本题主要强调语言沟通双方的互动，interaction和exchange同义，故选A。【解析】7.The tragedy of the Challenger _ an ongoing controversy on allaspects of Americas space program.A.aroseB.resultedC.ignitedD.startedC【答案】句意：挑战者号的悲剧引发了人们关于美国航天各方面的持续争议。ignite点燃；（使）燃烧，这里形象化表明挑战者号的悲剧的震撼性。arise出现；产生，是不及物动词，后面不能直接加宾语。result（因）发生，后面接导致的结果时要加in。start启动；开始，【解析】用在此处不恰当。故选C。8.He had spent all of his money in _ living and had to go to workas a day laborer in Denver.A.romanticB.decentC.modestD.extravagantD【答案】句意：他之前生活奢侈无度，花光了所有的钱，现在不得不到丹佛市打工。extravagant奢侈的；挥霍的。romantic浪漫的。decent得体的；相当不错的。modest适度的；有节制的。故选D。【解析】9.Before she could reach the shoe the Witch has _ it away and putit on her foot.A.thrownB.hauledC.whirledD.snatchedD【答案】句意：她的脚还没够到鞋子，女巫已经一把抓起鞋子套在她脚上。snatch一把抓起；一下夺过。throw扔；抛；丢。haul（用力）【解析】拖，拉，拽；用力缓慢挪动到（某处）。whirl使旋转，回旋，打转。故选D。10.Tuition in a university of the United States varies _ dependingon the type of institution and its endowment.A.substantiallyB.occasionallyC.slightlyD.abnormallyC【答案】句意：美国各高校根据机构类型和资质不同，学费略有差异。slightly轻微地；些微地。substantially基本上；大体上。occasionally偶尔地；间或。abnormally反常地；不正常地。故选C。【解析】11.He was _ when he found that he had been taken in by his rival.A.furnaceB.furiousC.fuseD.furnishB【答案】句意：当他发现自己被对手欺骗的时候，他感到十分愤怒。be taken in意为“受骗；上当；中计”。furious狂怒的；暴怒的。【解析】furnace熔炉，名词。fuse保险丝；导火线。furnish在（房屋等）处布置家具；向（某人或某事物）供应。故选B。12.Cigarette smoking has been _ with breast as well as lungcancer.A.chainedB.contactedC.associatedD.integratedC【答案】句意：吸烟和乳腺癌以及肺癌密切相关。be associated with与有关。be chained to被束缚在；为束搏。be contacted with与联系。be integrated with与结合起来；各部分密切协调的。故选C。【解析】13.Scientists have spent years _ into the effects of certainchemicals on human brain with no result.A.studyingB.researchingC.investigatingD.inspectingB【答案】句意：科学家们已经花费数年来研究特定化学物质对人脑的影响，但一无所获。research into对进行研究。study表研究，后面一般直接加研究的对象。investigate调查。inspect检查；视察。故选B。【解析】14.Have you seen the latest _ of the magazine?A.copyB.editionC.issueD.volumeC【答案】句意：你看过这杂志的最新一期吗？issue发行；期号，latest issue最新一期；最新刊。copy（书、报纸等的）一本，一册，一份；（报刊等的）稿件。edition版次；版本（出版形式）。volume（成套书籍中的）一卷，一册。故选C。【解析】15.The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal village:severalfishing boats were _ and many houses collapsed.A.wreckedB.spoiledC.tornD.injuredA【答案】句意：强风暴严重破坏了这个海边村庄，几艘渔船被毁坏，很多房屋垮塌。wreck使（船舶）失事；使遇难；使下沉。spoil糟蹋；毁掉；变质；腐败。tear撕裂；撕开；撕破。injure（人在事故中）伤害，使受伤。此处特指船，故选A。【解析】16.Is this watch _ you wish to have _?A.the one;repairedB.which;it repairedC.the one;it repairedD.which;repairedA【答案】句意：你想修理的是这个手表吗？可先将疑问句改成陈述句：This watch isyou wish to have第一空所缺的是定语从句的先行词，用the one来代替上文的this watch，又因为the one后面的关系代词在定语从句中作have的宾语，可以省略，再加it与省略的关系代词重复，故选A。【解析】17._ a plan to deal with it is important.A.That we should work outB.We should work outC.What we should work outD.That what we should work outA【答案】句意：制定出处理这个问题的计划是非常重要的。is是句子的谓语动词，因而is前面是主语从句。根据句意，此主语从句不缺少成分的，所以要用that来引导主语从句。故选A。【解析】18.I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs,but_.A.Im not invitedB.I have not been invitedC.I was not invitedD.I had not been invitedC【答案】句意：我本来很乐意去参加他们的聚会，但是我没有被邀请。邀请发生在过去，是已经完成的动作，这里是称述过去事实，用一般过去时符合题意，故选C。【解析】19.He asks that he _ more time to review his lessons.A.must giveB.be givenC.should giveD.has to be givenB【答案】句意：他要求有更多的时间复习功课。ask表示“要求”时，从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词用should+V，should可以省略。此处是被给予时间，所以用被动。故选B。【解析】20.He quite agreed to her suggestion that he _ art in Paris foranother two years.A.studyB.studiesC.would studyD.might studyA【答案】句意：他十分赞同她给的建议，再去巴黎学习两年艺术。suggestion当“建议”讲时用虚拟语气，从句中用should+动词原形，should可省略。故选A。【解析】21._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.LosingB.Having lostC.LostD.To loseC【答案】句意：心不在焉，他差点撞上迎面驶来的汽车。过去分词【解析】作原因状语，原句可改为“Because he was lost in thought,he almost raninto the car in front of him.”从句逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he，省去了逻辑主语。故选C。22.The next morning the hunter woke up only _ himself lying nextto a lion.A.foundB.findingC.was to fineD.to findD【答案】句意：第二天早晨，猎人醒来竟然发现自己和狮子躺在一起。only to find表示“结果发现”动词不定式表示结果，通常不是人们所期望的结果，往往是不好的结果。故选D。【解析】23.The mother didnt know who _ for the broken glass.A.will blameB.to blameC.to be blamedD.blamedB【答案】句意：杯子被打碎了，妈妈不知道该责备谁。blame sb.for【解析】sth.为某事责备某人。这里的主语是mother，相当于“mother to blamewho”，who是疑问词提到前面。疑问词加不定式。故选B。24.They are considering _before the prices go up.A.of buying stocksB.with buying stocksC.buying stocksD.to buy stocksC【答案】句意：他们打算在价格上涨前买入股票。consider doing考虑要做某事。故选C。【解析】25.The ratio of boys _ girls in that school has not change a lot.A.forB.withC.againstD.toD【答案】句意：这所学校男女比例并没有很大变化。ratioto与之间的比率。故选D。【解析】26.You _ yesterday if you were really serious about your study.A.ought to comeB.ought to be comingC.ought to have comeD.ought to have to comeC【答案】句意：如果你真的紧张这份工作，你昨天就该来了。这是一种虚拟语气，ought to have done本应该做某事但没有做，这里指本应该来但是没有来。故选C。【解析】27.I thought they would come for a visit,but it seems they are staying_.A.for goodB.at lengthC.in vainD.at easeA【答案】句意：我以为他们只是来看望我们的，但看来他们想一直住在这里了。for good永远；一劳永逸地；永远地。这里本来以为是短暂的拜访，没想到成为长期的。at length，终于；最终。in vain徒然；白白地。at ease安逸；舒适。【解析】故选A。28.The business of each day,_ selling goods or shipping them,went quite smoothly.A.it beingB.be itC.was itD.it wasB【答案】句意：日常业务，不管是售货还是运货，都十分顺利。beit是虚拟语气，完整形式是“whether it should be.”，意为“无论怎么样”，是让步状语。should 提到前面，形成倒装，更多用在正规文体，书面语中。故选B。【解析】29.The project,_ by the end of 2010,will expand the citystelephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.A.AccomplishedB.to have been accomplishedC.being accomplishedD.having been accomplishedB【答案】句意：这个项目将在2010年底完成，届时将扩展城市电话网络，覆盖到一百万用户。by the end of时间状语用完成时态，后面的will也表示了将来时态，故用to have done表将来完成时。故选B。【解析】30.The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it _ onthe way.A.goes wrongB.went wrongC.should go wrongD.would go wrongC【答案】句意：这个年轻的司机仔细检查汽车引擎，以防半路出故障。在lest引导的从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略。should在这里表猜测，暗示一种可能性。故选C。【解析】Part Reading Comprehension(40%)Directions:There are four passages in this section.Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them thereare four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage:In some countries where racial prejudice is acute,violence has so cometo be taken for granted as a means of solving differences that it is not evenquestioned.There are countries where the white man imposes his rule bybrute force;there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire tocities and by pillaging.Important people on both sides,who would in otherrespects appear to be reasonable men get up and calmly argue in favor ofviolenceas if it were a legitimate solution,like any other.What is reallyfrightening,what really fills you with despair,is the realization that we havemade no actual progress at all.We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint,but our instincts remained basically unchanged.The whole of therecorded history of the human race,that tedious documentation of violence,has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learnt that violence neversolves a problem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror,the bloodshedand the suffering mean nothing.No solution ever comes to light the morningafter when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder that hitus.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are findingit harder and harder to get a hearing.They are despised,mistrusted and evenpersecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparentlyoutrageous things as law enforcement.If half the energy that goes into violentacts were put to good use,if our efforts were directed at cleaning up theslums and ghettos,at improving living standards and providing education andemployment for all,we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves inits wake.In a well-directed effort,it would not be impossible to fulfill theideals of a stable social program.The benefits that can be derived fromconstructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us.Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible,providing we work withinthe framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence betweenthe races,we must appreciate each others problems and learn about them:itis a simple exercise in communication.“Talk,talk,talk,”the advocates ofviolence say,“all you ever do is talk,and we are none the wiser.”Its ratherlike the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case tothe judge.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained thatafter all this talk,he was none the wiser.“Possible,my lord,”the barristerreplied,“but surely far better informed.”Knowledge is the necessaryprerequisite to wisdom:the knowledge that violence creates the evils itpretends to solve.1.What is the best title for this passage?A.Advocating Violence.B.Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.C.Important People on Both Sides See Violence as a LegitimateSolution.D.The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2.Recorded history has taught us _.A.violence never solves anythingB.nothingC.the bloodshed means nothingD.everything3.It can be inferred that truly reasonable men _.A.cant get a hearingB.are looked down uponC.are persecutedD.have difficulty in advocating law enforcement4.“He was none the wiser”(Para.3)means _.A.he was not at all wise in listeningB.he was not at all wiser than nothing beforeC.he gains nothing after listeningD.he makes no sense of the argument5.According to the author the best way to solve racial prejudice is_.A.law enforcementB.KnowledgeC.nonviolenceD.mopping up the violent mess【答案与解析】1.B 暴力难以消除种族歧视。本文开篇就在讨论国家种族矛盾突出的国家用暴力来解决问题的做法，第一段最后一句提到“No solution evercomes to light”明确表示暴力手段不管是在历史上还是在今天都没有真的解决问题。第二段重点讨论法制的作用，第三段进一步说明“交流、对话”是了解双方问题的前提。全文都在说明暴力不是解决方法，应该另辟蹊径。故选B。2.D 第一段“The whole of the recorded history of the human racehastaught us absolutely nothing.”明确提出整个人类漫长的暴力史。故选D。3.D 第二段前两句“The truly reasonable men who know where thesolutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing.They aredespised,mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because theyadvocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.”真正有理智的人主张法制，反而遭到人们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。A项“人们不听”，B项“遭人轻视”，C项“遭人迫害”，这三项都包含在D项内。故选D。4.C 听后没有任何收获。None the wiser一无所获。主张暴力的人的论调为人们天天说沟通，谈判，对话，这些并没有带来实效。就像法官听完律师的长篇辩论之后说，我一无所获一样，但是至少双方通过了解对方的问题，而这也是真正解决问题的前提。故选C。5.A 第二段最后一句，“Genuine and lasting solutions are alwayspossible,providing we work within the framework of the law.”如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。故选A。Passage 2Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage:In the democratic society,citizens are encouraged to form their ownopinions on candidates for public office,taxes,constitutional amendments,environmental concerns,foreign policy,and other tissues.The opinions heldby any population are shaped and manipulated by several factors:individualcircumstances,the mass media,special interest groups,and opinion leaders.Wealthy people tend to think differently on social issues from poorpeople.Factory workers probably do not share the same views as whitecollar,nonunion workers.Women enjoyed outside their homes sometimeshave perspectives different from those of full time homemakers.In these andother ways individual status shapes ones view of current events.The mass media,especially television,are powerful influences on theway people think and act.Government officials note how mail from thepublic tends to“follow the headlines.”Whatever is featured in newspapersand magazines and on television attracts enough attention that people beginto inform themselves and to express opinions.The mass media have also created larger audiences for government anda wider range of public issues than existed before.Prior to television and thenational editions of newspapers,issues and candidates tended to remainlocalized.In Great Britain and West Germany,for example,elections to thenational legislatures were usually viewed by voters as local contests.Todayselections are seen as struggles between party leaders and programs.In theUnited States radio and television have been beneficial to the presidency.Since the days of Franklin D.Roosevelt and his“fireside chats”,presidentshave appealed directly to a national audience over the heads of Congress toadvocate their programs.Special groups spend vast sums annually trying to influence publicopinion.Public utilities,for instance,tried to sway public opinion in favor ofnuclear power plants.Opposed to them were citizens organizations thatlobbied to halt the use of nuclear power.During the 1960s the AmericanMedical Association conducted an unsuccessful advertising campaigndesigned to prevent the passage of medicate.Opinion leaders are usually such prominent public figures as politicians,show business personalities,and celebrity athletes.The opinions of theseindividuals,whether informed and intelligent or not,carry weight with somesegments of the population.Some individuals,such as Nobel prizewinners,are suddenly thrust into public view by the media.By quickly reaching alarge audience,their views gain a hearing and are perhaps influential inshaping views on complex issues.6.What is the passage mainly about?A.Freedom of speech in a democratic society.B.Impact of the mass media.C.Forces that infl