汉语无主句的英译市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

中译外中译外汉语无主句英译汉语无主句英译how to translate Chinese sentences with no subject into English第1页汉语和英语差异之一：汉语和英语差异之一：汉语爱用无主句，它在任何语言环境里都能表示完整明确意思 英语句子普通要有主语第2页TIPS:1.翻译成英语被动式翻译成英语被动式l采取It is v-ed that 从句形式l直接被动 2.增加主语增加主语l依据上下文增加主语l增加 one,you,we,they,people 等作主语第3页1.采取采取 It is v-ed that 从句形式从句形式1)直升机飞抵映秀镇上空时，能够看见整个镇子几乎变成了一片废墟。直升机 helicopter飞抵上空 arrive above the town/city of fly/pass over the town/city of废墟 ruins shambles 遭严重破坏地方；凌乱景象 wasteland u,c n.不毛之地，荒地 I、翻译成英语被动式、翻译成英语被动式第4页1)直升机飞抵映秀镇上空时，能够看见整个镇子几乎变成了一片废墟。When the helicopter arrived above the town of Yingxiu,it could be seen that the whole town was almost reduced to ruins/shambles.reduce to,reduceto（使）沦为When the helicopter flew/passed over the town of Yingxiu,it could be seen that the whole town was almost turned into ruins/shambles.第5页2)已经证实，对促进中国人民和世界其它地方人民交流来说，这是最好路径之一。促进交流 promote/facilitate exchange(s)路径 way/approachIt has been proved that this is one of the best ways/approaches to promote the exchange between the peoples of China and other parts of the world.第6页3)能够说，这个期间我国财富有了巨额增加，整个国民经济上了一个新台阶。增加财富 accumulate/expand/increase wealth boost price 提升价格国民经济 national economy上新台阶 rise to a new level raiseto a new level reach a new level reach a higher stage of development 第7页3)能够说，这个期间我国财富有了巨额增加，整个国民经济上了一个新台阶。It can be said that during this period Chinas wealth expanded considerably,and the national economy as a whole was raised to a new level.China has accumulated considerable wealth,with its whole national economy rising to/reaching a new level.第8页总结总结据了解/据报道It has been learned/reported that据预计It is estimated that听说/据信/据预测It is said/believed/predicted that能够想象/断言/断定/必定It can be imagined/asserted/decided/affirmed that必须指出It must be pointed that人们有时会问It is sometimes asked that第9页由此可见It will be seen from this that不用说谁都知道It is understood that无可否定It cannot be denied that已经证实It has been proved that能够有把握地说It may be safely said that人们希望It is expected/hoped that第10页2.直接被动直接被动1)应该认可，奥运会是当今世界惟一属于全世界普通百姓节日。认可 recognize 作“认可”解时，系书面用词，主要指正当或外交、官方认可，也指公认 admit ones mistakes/guilt 强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确认可，多含不情愿或被迫意味 acknowledge 中 侧重指公开认可，以及大众认可 be acknowledged as 公认为普通百姓 common/ordinary peopleI、翻译成英语被动式、翻译成英语被动式第11页1)应该认可，奥运会是当今世界惟一属于全世界普通百姓节日。The Olympic Games should be recognized to be the only festival for common/ordinary people of the world today.It should be recognized that the Olympic Games is the only festival for common/ordinary people of the present-day world.第12页2)发觉了错误，一定要更正。Errors must be corrected when discovered.3)深入深化国有企业改革。国有企业 state-owned enterprises 私企 private enterprises 外企 foreign-funded/invested/owned enterprisesThe reform of state-owned enterprises will be further carried out/deepened.第13页4)优先发展科技教育。优先 to give priority to The priority should be given to the development of science,technology and education.第14页5)以公路建设为重点，加强铁路、机场、天然气管道干线建设。以为重点，强调 emphasize，stress to lay/place/put emphasis on/upon to lay/place/put stress on/uponEmphasis should be placed on highway construction while more efforts will be made in building railways,airports and gas pipelines.第15页1.依据上下文增加主语依据上下文增加主语1)人们看法是旅游业将有利于促进中国人民和其它国家人民之间相互了解和情谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面交流。还会有利于国家增加收入。促进了解 promote/enhance understanding促进情谊 promote/strengthen friendship 促进交流 promote/facilitate exchanges收入：revenue 国家收入、税收 profit 企业收入 income、earnings 企业、个人收入 II.增加主语增加主语第16页1)人们看法是旅游业将有利于促进中国人民和其它国家人民之间相互了解和情谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面交流。还会有利于国家增加收入。The development of tourism,it is believed,will help promote mutual understanding and friendship between the peoples of China and other countries,and facilitate exchanges in the fields of culture,science and technology.Tourism also helps increase national revenue.第17页2)看完展览之后，可能还有时间进了书店。展览 exposition (较大规模)博览会,展览会 Eg:Shanghai Expo 上海世博会 show (小规模)展示会，展览会 I might still have time to visit bookstores after the exposition.There might still be some time for a visit to bookstores after the exposition.第18页3)弄得不好，就会前功尽弃。前功尽弃 to waste all the previous efforts All labour is lost.All ones labour has been in vain.If things are not properly handled,all our work so far/till now will be wasted.第19页2.增加增加 one,you,we,they,people 等作主语等作主语1)从太空观察地球，能够更深入地了解地球结构，探明地球资源，预测地震、洪水、飓风、火山暴发、海啸和其它自然灾害，能够保护人们生命和财产。探明资源(=勘探资源)explore resources地震、洪水、飓风、火山暴发、海啸 earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,volcanic eruptions,tsunamis(sun:mi)自然灾害 natural disasters/calamities 注：catastrophe 大灾难,程度比 disaster/calamity 深，如 the catastrophe of a worldwide conflictII.增加主语增加主语第20页Observing/Watching the Earth from space,we can further understand its structure,explore its resources and predict earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,volcanic eruptions,tsunamis and other natural calamities,so that we can better protect our human lives and property.,we can have a more in-depth understanding of its structure and exploration of its resources,and predict,we can have a deeper insight into its constitution and resources,so that we can protect our human lives and properties by predicting.第21页2)从根本上说，手头东西多了，在处理各种矛盾和问题时就立于主动地位。从根本上说，大致说来 basically(speaking)手头，在手边 美on hand;英in hand处理矛盾 to handle/settle/solve/resolve contradictions/conflicts立于主动地位(=掌握主动性)have the initiative(n.主动权/性&adj.主动,自发)Eg:Hes got no initiative in his work.他在工作上没有主动性。第22页2)从根本上说，手头东西多了，在处理各种矛盾和问题时就立于主动地位。Basically,when we have enough materials on hand,we shall have the initiative in handling/settling various contradictions and problems.Basically,when we have got our hands full with enough materials,.Basically,if we have sufficient materials on hand,we shall have the initiative while/when solving/resolving various conflicts and problems.第23页3)婚姻不是生活唯一模式，不应该为了该结婚而结婚。生活模式，生存模式 the mode/pattern/way of life the mode/pattern/way of living/existenceMarriage is not the only mode/way of life,so one should not get married for marriage sake.注：for the sake of 因为，为了 Eg:Are newspapers today published only for the sake of the news?当今报纸发行只是为了报导新闻吗？for any sake 不论怎样 第24页4)看自己一朵花，看他人豆腐渣。对待 consider/regard/treatas consider/regard/treatto be豆腐 bean curd;tofu 渣 常pl.dregs 渣滓，糟粕 常sing residue 渣滓，滤渣 un.sediment 沉淀物，沉积One treats oneself as a flower,but treats others as the bean-curd dregs/residue.第25页5)知人知面不知心。You may know a persons face but not his heart/mind.We may know a mans exterior(外表)but not his heart.It is impossible to judge a mans heart from his face.6)学然后知不足。The more a man learns,the more he sees his ignorance.7)携手同行，合作共赢。Advancing hand in hand,we work together for a win-win result.(cooperate with each other)第26页最主要也是最根本，就是要将世界遗产保护纳入制度化轨道。首先，要吸收国外相关要求和条例精华，因地制宜地制订出符合国情“世界遗产保护管理条例”，依法保护世界遗产。课堂翻译练习第27页The most important as well as absolutely fundamental is to institutionalize the protection of world heritages.First of all,the gist/quintessence of related/relevant rules and regulations should be absorbed/adopted so as to flexibly make“Regulations on World Heritage Protection”conforming to our national conditions,and therefore our world heritages can be preserved/protected by law.参考译文第28页ThankYou!第29页