北京邮电大学人文学院243英语二外历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2010年北京邮电大学243英语二外考研真题及详解2011年北京邮电大学243英语二外考研真题及详解2012年北京邮电大学243英语二外考研真题及详解2013年北京邮电大学243英语二外考研真题及详解2010年北京邮电大学243英语二外考研真题及详解Part Word form（10 points,1*10）Directions:Complete each of the following sentences with the properform of the word derived from the one given in brackets.Write your answeron your Answer Sheet with the question number 1 to 10.1.Her visit to museums _ her life in France.（rich）to enrich【答案】句意：她参观博物馆以丰富她在法国的生活。enrich意为“使丰富”。不定式作目的状语。【解析】2.His heavy workload gradually made him a _ late sleeper.（habit）habitual【答案】句意：他沉重的工作负担使他成为一个习惯性晚睡的人。habitual意为“习惯的”。形容词作定语。【解析】3.Mr.And Mrs.Simpson became regular _ after they moved to thenew neighborhood.（church,go）churchgoers【答案】句意：辛普森夫妇在搬到新社区后成为了常去做礼拜的人。churchgoer意为“常做礼拜的人”。【解析】4.Under all the fun,therere _ dangers in the amusement park,especially for children.（hide）hidden【答案】句意：在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。hidden意为“隐藏的”。【解析】5.My roommate and I can never become intimate friends because of her_ jealousy.（rational）irrational【答案】句意：我和室友永远不能变成密友，因为她总是无理由的嫉妒。irrational意为“无理由的”。【解析】6.Our _ Chinese friends came to his rescue,but failed.（intention）well-intentioned【答案】句意：我们的中国朋友出于好意来救他，结果失败了。well-intentioned意为“出于好意的”。【解析】7.More and more business men realized the importance to _ theirproducts in international trade.（standard）standardize【答案】句意：越来越多的商人意识到国际贸易中使商品质量标准化的重要性。standardize为动词形式，意为“使标准化”。【解析】8.The earthquake area received _ help from its neighboringprovinces.（brother）brotherly【答案】句意：遭到地震的区域受到了来自邻省兄弟般的救援。brotherly意为“兄弟般的”解析】9.Special guidance and help need to be provided for the _ membersof the staff.（qualified）unqualified【答案】句意：特殊的辅导和帮助将给予不合格的员工。unqualified意为“不合格的”。【解析】10.He was trying all possible means to persuade all the committeemembers to_ his plan.（back）back up【答案】句意：他千方百计让委员会成员支持他的计划。back up意为“支持”。【解析】Part Vocabulary and structure（15 points,0.5*30）Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For eachsentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONEanswer that best completes the sentence.Then write your answer on theAnswer Sheet.11.The two Asian countries witnessed a _ growth in popularitythese years.A.fixedB.stableC.steadyD.regularC【答案】句意：这两个亚洲国家目睹了近年来的声望的稳定提高。fixed固定的。stable稳定不变的。steady稳定变化的。regular有规则的。growth代表“增长”，也就是说并非保持原来水平一成不变，所以应该用表示稳定变化的steady。因此答案选C。【解析】12.The cause of the air crash is still _ investigation;no evidencehas been found.A.underB.atC.withD.throughA【答案】句意：空难发生的原因还在调查中，目前没有找到任何证据。under investigation意为“在调查中”，为固定搭配。因此答案选A。【解析】13.He faced a _ of seven charges,all accusing him of lying abouthis financial state.A.totalB.completeC.wholeD.entireA【答案】句意：他一共面临七项指控，每项指控都指责他谎报财务状况。total总计的；全部的。complete完整的；完成的。whole全部的，所有的。entire全部的，整个的。total与其余三个词的不同在于，它强调计算总量。题中提到了“七项指控”，有明确的计算数字。因此答案选A。【解析】14.The new airport has over 100 _ flights a day to 15 U.S.destinations.A.homeB.domesticC.inwardD.abroadB【答案】句意：这个新的飞机场每天有超过100次国内航班飞往美国的15个目的地。home家庭的。domestic国内的。inward向内的。abroad往国外的。在“航班”的相关表达中，domestic flight国内航班；overseasflight国外航班；international flight国际航班。因此答案选B。【解析】15.The club followed the same rules all these years.It is _ to anyform of change.A.resolvedB.resistantC.restrictedD.reservedB【答案】句意：这家俱乐部这些年来始终墨守成规，拒绝任何形式的改变。resolved断然的；下定决心的。resistant抵抗的；顽固的。restricted受限制的；保密的。reserved预订的；储藏着的。因此答案选B。【解析】16.There is every _ of an economic recovery next year.A.perspectiveB.respectiveC.prospectD.suspectC【答案】句意：明年经济有望复苏。perspective观点；景色。respective各自的；分别的。prospect前景；期望。suspect怀疑。因此答案选C。【解析】17.Energy conservation as a philosophy was _ out of the 1973 oilcrisis.A.carriedB.bornC.putD.broughtB【答案】句意：能源节约的理念产生于1973年的石油危机。carry out进行；执行。be born out从中产生。put out扑灭；伸出。bring out出版；取出。因此答案选B。【解析】18.They said goodbye,little knowing they _ again.A.were never to meetB.will never meetC.would never to meetD.will have never metA【答案】句意：他们互相说再见，并不知他们以后不会再见。后半句表示的是将来时，但整个句子是过去时，排除B、D两项。be to do结构用于表示将来，主语为复数，因此were to meet形式正确。would为情态动词，后面动词应该用原形，C选项错误。因此答案选A。【解析】19._,you should spend some time companying your parents.A.You are so busyB.How busy you areC.How busy are youD.However busy you areD【答案】句意：无论你有多忙，你都应该抽出时间陪伴父母。however=no matter how，意为“无论”，符合题意。因此答案选D。【解析】20.All _ was needed was one final push to close the business deal.A.whichB.whatC.thereD.thatD【答案】句意：一切所需要来达成协议的只剩最后一步。分析句子【解析】结构，主句为“All was one final push to close the business deal”，其中的“was needed”为修饰“All”的定语从句。当先行词为all，a lot，（a）little，few，much等词时，连接词只能用that。因此答案选D。2l.Ive attached my contact information in the recommendation letter_ you have further questions.A.becauseB.in orderC.for fearDin caseD【答案】句意：我在推荐信中附上我的联系方式，以免你有更多问题。because因为。in order整齐，秩序井然。for fear和in case都有“以免”的意思，区别在于，in case代表“为避免后面的情况出现，要做前面的动作”；for fear代表“要做后面的动作，以防止前面的情况出现”。根据句意可知，“我附上联系方式”是为了避免“更多问题”。因此答案选D。【解析】22.Rumors were already beginning to circulate that the project _have to be abandoned.A.mightB.shouldC.oughtD.couldA【答案】句意：这个项目可能会流产的传言已经开始传播开来。might可能。should应该。ought to应该。could可以。因此答案选A。【解析】23.Id rather you _ me about the news.It made me feel worse.A.didnt tellB.hadnt toldC.wouldnt tellD.not tellB【答案】句意：我宁愿你没有告诉我这个消息，这令我感觉很不好。would rather意为“宁可”，为虚拟语气，时态回移，“告诉”为过去时，回移应为过去完成时。因此答案选B。【解析】24.No sooner had the game started _ it began to rain.A.thanB.whenC.thatD.asA【答案】句意：游戏一开始就下雨了。no sooner.than.引导时间状【解析】语从句，意为“一就”，为固定句式。因此答案选A。25.It was essential that the application forms _ back before thedeadline.A.must be sentB.would be sentC.be sentD.were seatC【答案】句意：申请书在截至日期前送回来，这是最基本的要求。此题考查虚拟语气的用法：在句型“Itsadjthat”中，如果形容词是essential，necessary，natural等词，从句中用sb should do的结构，should可以省略。因此答案选C。【解析】26.The engine in the factory _ smoke and steam which becomes amajor source of pollution in the neighborhood.A.gives upB.gives inC.gives awayD.gives offD【答案】句意：工厂中发动机排放的烟和蒸汽是周围污染的主要来【解析】源。give up放弃。give in屈服。give away赠送。give off散发出。因此答案选D。27.The manager promised to keep me _ of how our business wasgoing on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informingC【答案】句意：经理答应我通知生意的进展情况。由于我是被通知，inform和me之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态informed。因此答案选C。【解析】28.As a _ president,his views are treated with respect when he isinterviewed.A.priorB.previousC.lateD.formerD【答案】句意：作为前任总统，当他接受采访时，他的观点受到尊【解析】重。prior优先的。late迟的。previous和former都有“之前的”的意思，但previous强调时间顺序，且在表示人的时候不用previous。因此答案选D。29.The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighboring districts hashad to be _.A.weakenedB.omittedC.restrictedD.loweredC【答案】句意：送往马德里及周边的电量供应不得不受到限制。weaken减弱。omit省略。restrict限制。lower降低。与“供应”搭配的只有“限制”。因此答案选C。【解析】30.Mary is in bed with a fever and she cant hope to _ the cold in afew days.A.get overB.get awayC.get offD.get outA【答案】句意：玛丽卧病在床，不可能在几天内战胜感冒。get over克服。get away离开。get off脱离。get out出去。因此答案选A。【解析】31.The socks were too small and it was only by _ them that hemanaged to put them on.A.spreadingB.extendingC.lengtheningD.stretchingD【答案】句意：袜子太小了，只有拉长了他才能勉强穿上。spread（疾病、谣言等）传播。extend扩展。lengthen使延长。stretch拉长；伸展。因此答案选D。【解析】32.I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ whenjudging my examination.A.regardB.accountC.countingD.observationB【答案】句意：我希望老师在评价我的考试时能考虑到我最近生病【解析】的情况。take sth.into account意为“考虑到”，为固定搭配。因此答案选B。33.American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after manyyears of hard struggle.A.ignoredB.refusedC.neglectedD.deniedD【答案】句意：在经过多年的艰苦奋斗之后，美国妇女终于在1920年获得了选举权。ignore忽视。refuse拒绝。neglect忽视。deny否认；拒绝给予。deny sb.the right to do sth.意为“剥夺了做某事的权利”，为固定搭配。因此答案选D。【解析】34.Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in socialevents,_ those events do not interfere with their studies.A.lestB.unlessC.thoughD.providedD【答案】句意：大多数父母允许孩子参加社会活动，只要这些活动不影响学习。concerning关于。until直到。unless除非。provided只要。因此答案选D。【解析】35.Some insects can build complex societies _ different types ofindividuals performing different tasks.A.taken fromB.composed ofC.made ofD.developed fromB【答案】句意：一些昆虫能够建立由不同的个体组成的、各自承担不同任务的复杂社会。compose of作后置定语，意为“由组成”。takefrom减少。be made of由构成（原材料显而易见）。develop from产生出。因此答案选B。【解析】36.You are getting too old for football.Youd better _ tennisinstead.A.take inB.take forC.take upD.take overC【答案】句意：踢足球的话你年纪太大了，你最好还是打网球吧！take in吸收；理解；欺骗。take for把认为是。take up从事；占据；继续。take over接管。因此答案选C。【解析】37.In the advanced course students must take performance tests atmonthly _.A.gapsB.lengthC.intervalsD.distanceC【答案】句意：在进阶课程上，学生们每月都要进行技能测试。gap缺口；间隙。length长度。interval时间间隔。distance距离。此题中“每月”是指时间的间隔。因此答案选C。【解析】38.Our company decided to _ the contract because a number of theconditions in it had not been met.A.destroyB.resistC.eraseD.cancelD【答案】句意：我们公司决定取消合同，因为合同里面的很多条件都不符合。destroy破坏；摧毁。resist抵抗。erase抹去；清除。cancel取消。因此答案选D。【解析】39.You cant afford to let the situation get worse.You must take _to put it fight.A.decisionsB.directionsC.sidesD.stepsD【答案】句意：你不能让情况变得更糟，你必须采取行动积极应对。take steps to do sth.=take actions to do sth.意为“采取行动做某事”，为固定搭配。因此答案选D。【解析】40.Frankfurt,Germany,is in one of the most _ populated regionsof Western Europe.A.denselyB.vastlyC.enormouslyD.largelyA【答案】句意：德国法兰克福是西欧人口最稠密的地区之一。densely稠密地。vastly地域宽广地。enormously数量庞大地。largely大体上地。因此答案选A。【解析】Part Reading Comprehension Passages（40 points,2*20）Directions:There are four passages in this part.Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them thereare four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choiceand then write your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:If you want to stay young,sit down and have a good think.This is theresearch finding of a team of Japanese doctors,who say that most of ourbrains are not getting enough exercise and as a result,we are ageingunnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthyfarmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think andreason at a relatively early age,and how the process of ageing could beslowed down.With a team of colleagues at Gokyo National University,he set aboutmeasuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varyingoccupations.Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise,measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain,whichrelate to intellect and emotion,and determine the human character.（Therear section of the brain,which controls functions like eating and breathing,does not contract with age,and one can continue living without intellectual oremotional faculties.）Contraction of front and side partsas cells die offwas observed insome subjects in their thirties,but it was still not evident in some sixty andseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to thecontraction normally associated with ageusing the head.The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain beginssooner in people in the country than in the towns.Those least at risk,saysMatsuzawa,are lawyers,followed by university professors and doctors.White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are,however,as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker,bus driver and shopassistant.Matsuzawas findings show that thinking can prevent the brain fromshrinking.Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the freshoxygen the brain cells need.“The best way to maintain good bloodcirculation is through using the brain?”He says,“Think hard and engage inconversation.Dont rely on pocket calculators.”41.The team of doctors wanted to find out _.A.why certain people age sooner than othersB.how to stop human brain from ageingC.the size of certain peoples brainsD.which people are most intelligent42.On what are their research findings based?A.A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B.Tests performed on a thousand old people.C.The study of brain volumes of different people.D.The latest development of computer technology.43.The doctors tests show that _.A.our brains shrink as we grow olderB.the front section of the brain does not shrinkC.sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-oldsD.some peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples44.The word“subjects”（Line 1,Para.5）means _.A.people with certain diseaseB.something to be consideredC.branches of knowledge studiedD.persons chosen to be studied in an experiment45.According to the passage,which people seem to age slower thanothers?A.Lawyers.B.Farmers.C.Clerks.D.Shop assistants.【答案与解析】41.B 根据第二段最后半句“how the process of ageing could beslowed down”可知，专家正在寻找使人脑衰老减缓的方法。因此答案选B。42.C 根据第三段“With a team of colleagues at Gokyo NationalUniversity,he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people ofdifferent ages and varying occupations.”可知，专家们的研究基于这次对不同年龄和不同职业的千人的脑容量的测试。因此答案选C。43.D 根据第七段第一句“The findings show in general terms thatcontraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in thetowns.”可知，乡村里的人比城市里的人大脑萎缩得快。因此答案选D。44.D 根据第五段后半句“it was still not evident in some sixty andseventy-year-olds.”可知，subject在这里是被抽中做实验研究的主体。因此答案选D。45.A 根据倒数第二段第二句“Those least at risk,says Matsuzawa,arelawyers,followed by university professors and doctors.”可知，律师的大脑比其他职业的人萎缩得慢。因此答案选A。Passage TwoQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:The English have the reputation of being very different from all othernationalities.It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest ofEurope has much to do with it.Whatever the reasons,it may be fairly statedthat the Englishman has developed some attitudes and habits distinguishinghim from other nationalities.Broadly speaking,the Englishman is a quiet,shy,reserved personamong people he knows well.Before strangers he often seems inhibited,evenembarrassed.You have only to witness a railway compartment any morningor evening to see the math.Serious-looking businessmen and women sitreading their newspapers or dozing（打盹）in a comer;no one speaks.AnEnglish wit once suggested to overseas visitors,“On entering a railwaycompartment shake hands with all the passengers.”Needless to say,he wasnot being serious.There is an unwritten but clearly understood code ofbehavior,which,if broken,makes the person immediately the object ofsuspicion.It is well known that the English seldom show openly extremes ofenthusiasm,emotion etc.Of course,an Englishman feels no less than anyother nationality.Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a younggirl.A man of more emotional temperament might describe her as“amarvelous jewel”,while the Englishman will flatly state“Urn,shes allright”.An Englishman may recommend a highly successful and enjoyablefilm to friends by commenting,“Its not bad.”The overseas visitors must notbe disappointed by this apparent lack of interest;he must realize that“allright”,“not bad”are very often used with the sense of“first class”,“excellent”.This special use of language is particularly common in English.46.One explanation for the different character of English people is that_.A.they are geographically isolated from the European continentB.they have nothing to do with the other EuropeansC.they like to keep quiet among their acquaintancesD.they tend to be reserved by nature47.The word“inhibited”（Line 2,Para.2）in this passage probablymeans _.A.unable to have good mannersB.unable to express and relax freelyC.unable to think properlyD.unable to move around fre