2014新人教版Unit8ItmustbelongtoCarla课文知识点.doc

Unit8 It must belong to Carla.知识点
1.belong v 属于 = be owned by
belong to +人名（不能用所有格）/ +代词宾格（不能用物主代词） 属于
【注】：belong to不能用于进行时态或被动形式，其主语常常是物。
Sth belongs to sb = sth is sb’s
【辨析】belong to someone 和 be someone’s
（1）belong to　＋　名词或宾格代词。
（2）be someone’s意思是be + 名词所有格或名词性物主代词
2.go on a picnic = go for a picnic 去野餐 have a picnic 野餐
3. who → whose → whom
(1)who pron. 谁 是主格，做主语时，谓语动词用单数 — Who is on duty? — I am.
(2)whose adj. &pron.“谁的”，可以作定语后（跟名词）或主语，
whose+一般疑问句/whose +名词+一般疑问句, 用于询问东西的主人，回答是用名词所有格或名词性物主代词
—Whose book is this? =Whose is the book? — It’s Tom’s/It’s mine.
(3)whom pron. 谁的 ，是宾格，在句中做介词、动词的宾语
4. attend v 出席；参加 attend a meeting 出席会议
【辨析】 join/take part in/attend
（1）join指加入某个党派, 团体组织等, 成为其中一员, 意为“ 参军, 入党, 入团 ”。
join the Army/the Party/the League
join sb. in (doing) sth. 和某人一道做某事
join in多指参加小规模的活动如“游戏, 比赛”, 口语中常用。 Join in the basketball game. 参加篮球赛。
（2）take part in 指参加群众性活动, 着重说明主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。
We’ll take part in the sports meeting/club.
take an active part in 积极参加……
（3）attend 正式用语，vt. 指参加会议, 婚礼, 葬礼, 典礼; 去上课, 上学, 听报告等。句子主语只是去听, 去看, 自己不一定起积极作用。
attended a concert Did you attend the meeting last Sunday?
5.value n 价值 → valuable adj. 贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的
6.remember v　记住（反）　forget
(1)remember doing sth 记得做过某事（已做了）
(2) remember to do sth 记住要做某事（还没做）
7.rest v休息 n 剩余部分
“the rest of +名词 ”时，谓语动词的数要与the rest of所表示的名词的数保持一致
( ) The rest of the students ____ in the classroom A. is studying B. are studying C. be studying D. is studied
8.pick up ①接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up
② 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home
③（开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station
④学到；获得 He was picking up the skills quickly
9.noise n 噪音 → noisy adj. 吵闹的→noisily adv 吵闹地 make a noise 制造噪音
noise, voice与sound辨析：
(1) noise意为“噪声”
(2) voice意为“声音”，多指人的说话声、歌声和笑声等。
(3) sound可以指听到的自然界的一切声音。
10. policemen n 男警察 （pl) policemen → policewoman 女警察 （pl) policewomen
【短语】police station 警察局 police car 警车 call the police 报警
【注】police n 警察 （集体名词，做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式）The police are looking for the lost child.
11.else or else 否则，要不然
else 与other的区别: 二者均有“别的；其他的”意思，
⑴else修饰疑问词或不定代词，放所修饰词之后；
【注】当else 修饰不定代词时， 所有格应该放在else 上，而不应该放在不定代词上， somebody else. Anybody else 等的所有格形式是somebody else’s ; anybody else’s 等
⑵ other修饰名词，且放名词前。
【记】 — Is he taller than any __________ student in his class?
— So he is . He is taller than anybody ________ in his class.
12．see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（ 强调动作正在发生）
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 （强调发生的整个过程）
13.run away =escape v 逃跑，逃脱
run off (从容器中溢出；流出） run out (of) ____________ run after __________
14. sure adj. 一定的，可靠的
(1)be sure to do sth 一定要，务必，一定会（表推测判断）Be sure ________(write) to me as soon as you arrive there.
(2) be sure of/about doing sth 确信，对……有把握 I’m sure of success.
(3) be sure + that 从句 确信，认为……一定会 I’m sure that he’ll pass the exam.
(4) make sure 弄清，查明
★15.wolf n. 狼 wolves (复数) → 以f (e) 结尾的名词，其复数形式改f (e) 为______再加______。
妻子骑牛拿起刀，追得贼狼满街跑；碰到架子丧己命，手帕树叶半空飞。
顺口溜中的名词：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀)，wolf(狼)， thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，
self(自己)， life(生命)， half(一半)，leaf(树叶)。
16.There be sb./sth. doing sth. 有某人某物正在做某事
there ____________意为“一定有”；
there be句型和情态动词连用时，表示对现有情况的猜测，其结构形式：there＋情态动词＋be＋名词。
17.have fun ________ sth.表示“做某事有乐趣”。 =have a good time doing sth. =enjoy doing sth.
I have fun flying kites. 我享受放风筝的乐趣。
18.wonder v /n 希望知道；惊奇；奇迹（=want to know）
→ wonderful adj. 奇妙的 → Wonderfully adv. 非常好地
No wonder + 句子 “难怪.....” No wonder you are angry. 难怪你觉得生气。
19.hear sb/sth doing sth 听见某人/某物正在做某事
listen to/hear辨析：
(1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的“过程“
(2)hear 听，侧重听的“结果”
hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事 I often hear him sing in the room.
hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 I hear him singing in the room
hear of/about 听说 hear from =receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信
20. I’m sorry to hear that.= Sorry to hear that. 听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语)
21.crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的
be crowded with 一般指人多 用于人的挤满， 重在表现一种拥挤的状态
22. sleepy adj. 困倦的；瞌睡的
sleep (slept; slept) v“睡觉” → sleepy adj. “困倦的；疲惫的”
sleepy “困倦的”可做表语和定语 feel sleepy 感到疲倦
sleeping “正在睡觉的“可做定语和表语 the sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿
asleep “睡着的”, 只做表语 fall asleep 入睡
23.suit v 适合，符合 → suitable adj. 适合的n. “一套衣服。一套西装”
(1) be suitable for 适合于
(2) suit sb. 适合某人，指衣服、鞋等颜色、款式上适合
suit/ fit 辨析：
suit 合适 侧重指颜色、款式或时间，食物、状况等适合
fit 适合 侧重指大小、尺寸合体。
The shoes suit you well.这双鞋子适合你（侧重颜色、款式适合） The shoes fit you well. （侧重大小合脚）
24. ________________________ 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
【注】：（1）连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循 就近 原则谓语应于but also后的主语的人称和数保持一致。
①Not only Lily but (also) ____________ cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。
②Not only you but (also) _______cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。
常见的就近原则的结构有：
_____________________________________________________________________________________
★25.receive(客观收到) "收到"，强调客观上收到这一事实，不表明是否愿意接受
He received a present yesterday, but he didn't accept it.
accept(主观上接受) “接受”， 主动地或自愿地接受，带有“满意；同意；认可”等意味，其反义词为refuse He accepted a present from his mother.
【记】I _______ his invitation but I didn’t _______ it.
26.medicine n. 药 →medical adj. 医疗的；医学的
take medicine 吃药 medical research 医疗研究 Chinese medicine 中药
27.“one of the＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数”表示“最……之一”，其作主语时，
28.arrive in +大地点= arrive at +小地点 = get to +地点=reach +地点
29.prevent v. 阻止；阻挠
prevent sb from doing sth =stop sb. from doing sth =keep sb from doing sth=阻止某人做某事
Nothing can prevent us from carrying out the plan. 什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。
30. ill → illness n.“病；疾病”
ill /sick辨析 ：
(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。
be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……” sick person = patient“病人”
(2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院
当放n.前作定语时译为“坏的；恶劣的”（= bad）。
31.keep → kept →kept v 留住；保持
(1)keep +adj. 使保持…… keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 keep quiet =be quiet 保持安静
(2)keep sb. doing sth 使某人一直做某事 (3)keep sb. from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
(4)keep away from 远离……
11.“As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet climb up your body,” said one visitor. “当你走到那儿的时候，你能感觉到从你的脚底散发出的能量上升到你的身体里” ,一名游客说。
【解析】energy n 能量,活力 → energetic adj. 精力充沛的,有活力的
Young people usually have more energy than the old.年轻人通常比老年人更有活力。
He is an energetic boy.他是个精力充沛的男孩。
重点语法
1.must, may, might, could, may, can’t+动词原形 表示推测，程度不同
must 一定,肯定(100%的可能性)
may, might, could有可能, 也许(20%－80%的可能性)
can’t 不可能, 不会(可能性几乎为零)
The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it.
The CD might/could/may belong to Tony, because he likes listening to pop music.
The hair band can’t be Bob’s. After all, he is boy!
情态动词表推测，可能性：must> can/could> may/might
1．must表示对现在的状态或现在正在发生的事情的推测，后面通常接系动词be 的原形。
You have studied for five hours. You must be tired. 你已经学习五个小时了，一定累了。
2．“may/might/could＋动词原形”多用于肯定句，其“推测，判断”的语气不确定。may“也许，可能”；might不表示过去时态，只表示语气较may更弱，意为“或许，大概”。
I don't know where she is. She may be in New York. 我不知道她在哪儿，她可能在纽约。
The guitar might be Jane's. She plays the guitar.这把吉他可能是简的。她弹吉他。
3．“can/could not＋动词原形”用于否定句或疑问句中，表示否定推测或判断，有“不可能”之意。用can't还是用couldn't，不存在时态差异，只是can't的语气较couldn't强。
There is no light in the room. She can't be at home now房间里没有灯光。她现在不可能在家里。
That man can't be Mr. Black. He is much taller. 那个人不可能是布莱克先生。他高得多。

【语法强化训练】
(　　)1.—Listen! Is that Kate playing the piano in the room?
—No, it ________ be her. She has gone to London with her parents.
A．may not　　　B．needn't C．mustn't D．can't
(　　)2.—Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.
—It ________ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.
A．must B．might C．can't D．shouldn't
(　　)3.He ________ in his office. I phoned to his office just now, but no one answered.
A．may be B．can't be C．mustn't be D．needn't be
(　　)4.John ________ be at home because he has just phoned me from a nearby town.
A．mustn't B．is not able to C．can't D．may not
(　　)5.—Where is Jim, please?
—He ________ be in the reading room. I saw him reading there a moment ago.
A．will B.need C．would D．Must
(　　)6. — Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
— Sorry, I am not sure. It ________ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
(　　)7. — Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
— No, it ____ be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A.can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
(　　)8.You ______ be tired—you’ve only been working for an hour.
A. must not B. won’t C. can’t D. may not
(　　)9. — Is John coming by train?
—He should, but he ________ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
【2013·莱芜】 Students in our school________ know shouting is not allowed in the library.
A．can B.may C．must D．need
【2013·贺州】The woman who is talking with Mr. Brown______ be Miss Li. She has gone to England.
A．can't B．must C．may D．mustn't