8BUnit5Goodmanners知识点讲解.doc

统和外语 8B Unit5 Good manners知识点 COMIC AND WELCOME1. Youre old enough to learn about manners now. 你现在年龄够大了可以学学礼仪了。 1)manner 是可数名词，意思是：方式，态度，举止。 manners 意思是：举止，礼仪。Its good /bad manners to do sth.have manners 有礼貌， have no manners 没有礼貌 enough to do 够可以做 他够强壮举得起这个重箱子。 He is _ _ _ _the heavy box. = He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box. 这河很窄她游得过。 This river is _ _ for her _ _ _. = The river is so narrow that she can swim across it. 2. Dont cut in on others. 不要打断别人。 1）cut in 插嘴,打断 老师上课时她爱插嘴。 She likes _ _while her teacher is giving a lesson. cut in on sb./sth. 打断某人谈话插嘴 老人打断了他们的谈话。 The old man _ _ _their conversation. 别打断她。让她继续发言。 _ _ _ _ her. Let her continue speaking. 2）cut in = push in 插队加塞 她在列队的最前头插队。 She _ _at the head of the line. She _ _at the head of the line. 3. wait politely. 句子politely 是 词，意思是 。其形容词形式是 。反义词形式是 。4. Youre never too old to learn.活到老学到老。 tooto 太而不能 形式上是肯定，意义上是否定。这桌子很重我搬不动。 The table is _ _for me _ _. = The table is so heavy that I cant carry it. 5. drop the litter everywheredrop vt.& vi.（使）落下；投下；垂下（使）降低；减少Temperatures candropto freezing at night.The horsedrophis head to crop the spring grass.6. leave the tap running1).留下“leave”leave用作及物动词，意为“留下，留给”时，常见的短语有leave sb by oneself或leavesbalone(把某人独自留下）例如：Mrs Greenis very busy withworkandalwaysleaves hersonat homebyhimself.格林夫人工作很忙，她常把儿子单独留在家中）。2).遗忘“leave汉语中说“遗忘某物”可以forget或leave. leave多与表示场所的副词，或以表示具体特点的词语相连。forget侧不接具体的地点。例如：Ileftmyumbrellaathome.（我把雨伞忘在家了）3).“离开”leaveleave可作及物动词或不及物动词。意为“出发，离开”。常用与短语“leavefor some place(动手去，出发到）。例如：Whendidyou leavethenroom?中文意思：（你什么时候离开你的房间的？）4).leave的“请假”条leave用作名词时，表示多种含义，有“请假；许可，同意”的含义。Wearegoingtohavefivedays leave.（我们将有五天的假期。）askfor leave（请假）leaveschool（中学）毕业7.keep quiet in the library keep的用法1）.keep +形容词 2）.keep+sth/sb +形容词3）.keep +doing 一直做某事4）.keep . from doing . 阻止做某事。5）.keep a pet 饲养一个宠物6）.How long may I keep this book ？ 此处keep指借8queue for your turn 排队等候此处turn 是可数名词，的意思是 。take turns to do sth 轮流做某事= do sth by turns , Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事in turn 依次，一个接一个。 by turns 轮流，交替9. Anything else? 其它的呢 else 放在不定代词、不定副词和疑问代词后 who else 还有谁 something else interesting 别的有趣事 构成短语的所有格 elses My computer is faster than anybody _in my class. READING1. Whats the proper way to greet people there, Jenny? proper adj. 符合习俗的正确的 e.g. She is always proper in her behaviour. 2. British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time. shake sbs hand 与某人握手 e.g. Chinese people usually shake your hand to express their friendliness. 3. Do they greet people with a kiss? greet vt. 问候打招呼 greet somebody with 以方式跟人打招呼她微笑着跟我们打了个招呼。 She _ _ _ _ smile. 4. But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money. subject n. 话题主题 e.g. This book includes many different subjects. 这本书包含了许多话题。 avoid vt. 避免 后面直接跟宾语。 avoid后常跟v.-ing形式构成avoid doing sth.结构意为“避免做某事”。 e.g. You should avoid eating such unhealthy food. 练一练根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 (1) 我们必须认真做作业避免错误。 We must do our homework carefully to _ _. (2) 王先生设法避免让他的经理生气。 Mr Wang tried to _ _ his manager angry. 5. Do people there behave politely in public? behave v. 表现 e.g. I do not think its proper for you to behave so. public n. 民众群体 e.g. The palace is now open to the public. in public 公开地在别人面前 e.g. Smoking is not allowed in public places. 公共场所不允许吸烟。 6. They think its rude to push in before others. push v. 推 挤 和push相对应的词是pull可意为“拉拖拔” 。 e.g. Dont push the door. Pull it, please. 不要推门。请拉开。 It is + adj + (for sb) + to do sth. 对某人来说做某事 句型中的it是形式主语真正的主语是后面的to do sth. e.g. It is impolite to ask British people how old they are. 问英国人多大年龄是不礼貌的。 练一练将下列句子翻译成英语。 (1) 学好英语很难。 _ (2) 对孩子们来说记住这些电话号码很重要。 _ 7. If youre in their way, they wont touch you or push past you. in ones way 挡住某人的路 e.g. I couldnt walk very fast because a lot of people got in my way. 我不能走的很快因为很多人挡了我的路。 touch vt. 触摸 碰 e.g. You cant touch that thing. 你不能碰那个东西。 8. Theyll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. excuse既可以作名词也可以作动词。作名词时可意为“借口”作动词时可意为“原谅”。 e.g. Mary explained why she was late, but we didnt accept her excuse. Please excuse him for arriving late. 请原谅他来晚了。 Excuse me和Im sorry的用法不同前者是打扰或麻烦别人的客套用语后者则是做错事后的道歉用语。 e.g. Excuse me. Can you tell me how to go to the park? Im sorry. I broke your glass this morning. 9. British people are very polite at home as well, arent they? as well (as) 也还有 e.g. I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well. as well一般不用否定句通常放在句末强调时可放在句中。 either用于否定句放在句末之前加逗号。 too语气较轻多用于口语在肯定句中使用通常位于句末。 also比too正式一些语气较重只用于肯定句一般紧靠动词。 10. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” saying n. 谚语格言 e.g. My grandpa knows a lot of English sayings. / When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 【随堂练习】 一、选择合适短语完成句子。 as well in ones way in public push in shake sbs hand 1. My classmates love music. I love it _. 2. It is impolite to _ before others. 3. We should not speak loudly _. 4. Chinese people usually _ when they meet you for the first time. 5. Please do not stand _. I am in a hurry. 二、翻译句子。 1. 今天我已邀请了King先生谈论美国的礼仪。 Today we _ _ Mr King _ _ _ _ in the USA. 2. 有时我们中国人以拥抱的方式问候亲戚或亲密的朋友。 Sometimes we Chinese _ _ or _ friends _ a hug. GRAMMAR1. enough toenough to句型的用法该结构的基本形式为“形容词或副词+enough to+动词原形”，其意为“足够地可以”：He is old enough to take care of himself. 他大了，能照顾自己了。Will you be kind enough to shut the door? 可否劳驾把门关上?She is old enough to travel by herself. 她年纪够大，可以独自旅行了。Is the river deep enough to swim in? 在这条河里游泳水够深吗?【注】若enough前出现否定词，则不仅否定了enough，而且也否定其后的不定式：He was not strong enough to do the work. 他不够强壮，不能做这工作。He is not strong enough to lift the box. 他力气不够大提不起这个箱子。另外，该句型有时可与so suchthat结构转换：He is rich enough to buy a plane. 他很有钱，可以买一架飞机。He is so rich that he can buy a plane. 他很有钱，可以买一架飞机。有时该句型也可与tooto句型转换：He is too young to go to school. 他太小，还不能上学。He is not old enough to go to school. 他还不够大，还不能上学2.toototooto 句型的用法该结构的基本形式为“too+形容词或副词+to+动词原形”，其意为“太以至于不能”：He is too tired to go any further. 他太累了，不能再往前走了。He is too shy to speak to her. 他太害羞，不敢同她讲话。Its too cheap to be good. 这东西太便宜，好不了(即便宜无好货)。He is too young to know right from wrong. 他太小，还分不清是非。有时不定式前可以带有一个由介词for引出的逻辑主语：The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这个箱子太重，我提不起。另外，该句型有时可与so suchthat结构转换：The box is too heavy for me to carry.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.It is such a heavy box that I cant carry it.3. patient adj. 有耐心的。反义 impatient.be patient with 。 ：对。有耐心她对孩子们很有耐心。 4.join the discussiondiscussion 可数名词，意思是 讨论。discuss vt. 讨论。 discuss the questiondiscuss with sb. 和某人讨论。5. He did not express himself clearly. express vt. 表达，表示。 I can express to you how grateful I am.clearly adv. 清楚地，明显地，无疑地。6. be busy with / be busy doing INTEGRATED SKILLS AND TAKS1. explain 动词，解释，说明。explain sth to sb. explain to sb that2. softly 的反义词是 3. notice sb do / doing sth4. familiar adj 熟悉的，常见的I like those familiar songs.be familiar to. 为所熟悉。 be familiar with 对熟悉。联想：similar 5. in general use 旁边使用6. risk losing everything all at one time risk 冒的危险。含有 孤注一掷并愿承担后果的意思。