高中英语语法复习课件虚拟语气省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第1页Definition虚语语气（虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示表示说话人一个愿望、提议、命令、要求、说话人一个愿望、提议、命令、要求、有时是一个非真实假设、料想，或是不有时是一个非真实假设、料想，或是不可能实现与事实相反愿望。可能实现与事实相反愿望。第2页1.虚拟语气考点虚拟语气考点 1、条件句条件句中虚拟语气使用方法；中虚拟语气使用方法；2、条件句中虚拟语气、条件句中虚拟语气倒装倒装；3、名词性从句名词性从句中虚拟语气使用方法；中虚拟语气使用方法；4、几个、几个特殊结构特殊结构中虚拟语气使用方法；中虚拟语气使用方法；5、虚拟语气与、虚拟语气与陈说语气陈说语气判定。判定。第3页if if引导虚拟条件句引导虚拟条件句（一)第4页If+主主+did(were),主主+would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形If I were you,I would try it again.1.假如我是你，我会再试一次。假如我是你，我会再试一次。2.2.假如我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。假如我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。If I had one million dollars,I would buy the plane.与现在事实相反虚拟条件句与现在事实相反虚拟条件句第5页If+主主+had done sth,主主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（动词完成式（have done）If he had worked hard,he would have passed the examination.1.1.假如他努力学话，他就经过这次考试。假如他努力学话，他就经过这次考试。If I had married her,I would have been unhappy.2.2.要是当初我和她结了婚话，那我是很不幸。要是当初我和她结了婚话，那我是很不幸。与过去事实相反虚拟条件句与过去事实相反虚拟条件句第6页与未来事实相反虚拟条件句与未来事实相反虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语通常有时间状语)If he came here tomorrow,I would tell him about it.If he were to come here tomorrow,I would tell him.1.1.假如他明天来话假如他明天来话,我会告诉他这件事我会告诉他这件事.2.2.假如他明天来话假如他明天来话,我会告诉他我会告诉他.If+主主+did(were to/should do),主主+would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形第7页倒装倒装If If虚拟句虚拟句第8页条件状语倒装：条件状语倒装：假如条件状语中有假如条件状语中有were,had,should时时,能够倒能够倒装成：装成：Were/Should/Had+主主+其它其它Were I you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.If I were you,I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.第9页虚拟语气在虚拟语气在名词性从句中使用名词性从句中使用请求，要求，命今，提议Should+动词原型惊异，惋惜，遗憾，理应advise,ask,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,request,suggest,etc以以及相关名词，过去分词及相关名词，过去分词important,strange,necessary,natural,essential/vital（首要）（首要）,imperative（必要）（必要）第10页Itsrequestedthatallthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.My suggestion is that you(should)go home first before coming here.He insisted that John(should)do it.It is necessary that we should get everythingReady by the end of the week第11页注意注意:当当suggest 表示表示“暗示暗示,表明表明”;insist表示表示“坚持认为，坚持坚持认为，坚持说说”时不用虚拟！时不用虚拟！His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.I insist that he was wrongHis silence suggested that he agreed with my decision He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health.第12页虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wishthat2.asif/asthough3.wouldratherthat4.Its(about/high)timethat第13页1.wish that现在：现在：过去：过去：未来未来:did/were(现在现在)had done(过去过去)would/could+动词原形动词原形(未来未来)第14页The picture exhibition bored me to death.I wish I_to it.A.hadnt gone B.havent goneC.didnt go D.could not have goneHow I wish I _that!Everybody present was angry with me.A.didnt go B.hadnt done C.wouldnt do D.wasnt doingTomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteachD第15页2.as if/though+Clause现在：现在：过去：过去：未来未来:did/were(现在现在)had done(过去过去)She loves the baby as if it were her own son.He speaks as if he had been to the United States.would+动词原形动词原形(未来未来)第16页When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been brokenThe actor is 58 years old.But he acts as if he _ a young man.A.is B.will be C.am D.wereThe clouds are getting darker and darker.It looks as if it _rain.A.is going to B.will C.was going to D.would第17页注意：注意：假如表示事情可能会假如表示事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中谓语发生，那么状语从句中谓语动词可用陈说语气。动词可用陈说语气。It looks as if you are tired.第18页3.Its(about/high)time thatdid/wereShould+动词原形动词原形Its time we worked hard.Itshightimethatwestarted.第19页1.Itshightimethatwe_toschool.A.wouldB.wentC.goD.willgo2.Itstimewe_upourresults.A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsumBB第20页4.would rather that现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去时过去时I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone,too.Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.第21页She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today.A.had B.should leave C.leaves D.leftIdratheryou_methenews.A.nottellB.nottotellC.didnttellD.hadnttold第22页注意注意:在主语在主语would(had)rather that 宾语从句中，从句谓语普通宾语从句中，从句谓语普通用过去用过去式表示虚拟形式。比如式表示虚拟形式。比如:我真希望你告诉我真相。我真希望你告诉我真相。Id rather you told me the truth.我宁愿不再见着你。我宁愿不再见着你。Id rather I didnt see you again.我倒希望他们和我一起去。我倒希望他们和我一起去。I would rather they went with me.第23页 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句非真实条件句中条件从句有时不表示出来，非真实条件句中条件从句有时不表示出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大致有三种情况蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大致有三种情况:第24页1.条件暗含在短语中。如：条件暗含在短语中。如：without,but for,in case of.etc What would I have done without you?It would be easier to do it this way.But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment.第25页2.条件暗含在上下文中条件暗含在上下文中.如：如：or,otherwise You might stay here forever.(可能暗含可能暗含if you wanted to)We would have succeeded.(可能暗含可能暗含if we had kept trying)Your reputation would be ruined.(可能暗含可能暗含if you should accept it)I was very busy yesterday.Otherwise I would have come to see you.第26页3.条件用其它形式来表示条件用其它形式来表示 If only(I wish)，but,suppose/supposing/providing(if)etc.I told him to go there himself,but perhaps I should have gone together with him.Supposeyouwereinmyshoes,whatshouldyoudoIfonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!第27页10IfonlyI_tomyparentsadvice!A.listeningB.listenC.amlisteningD.hadlistened11-Whydidntyoucometothepartyyesterday?-I_,butanunexpectedvisitorcametoseeme.A.didB.wouldC.hadD.wasgoingto第28页 错综条件句错综条件句虚拟条件句中主句和从句动作发生时间不一致，这时主句和从句谓语形式应按照各自动作发生实际时间来表示第29页If you If you hadnt lenthadnt lent me some money,me some money,I I couldnt have boughtcouldnt have bought the new the new house and most likely I house and most likely I would bewould be still living in the dangerous house still living in the dangerous house now.now.假若你不借钱给我，假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）第30页 If you If you had followedhad followed my advice,my advice,you_ able to finish the work now.you_ able to finish the work now.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.haddoneD.wasgoingto If he had not gone out in the storm,_.If he had not gone out in the storm,_.A.A.he will be alive now.he will be alive now.B.B.he would be alive now.he would be alive now.C.C.he would have been alive now.he would have been alive now.D.D.he would have lived nowhe would have lived nowAB第31页10上海）29.-Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididntfinishtheassignmentyesterday.-Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.A.mustB.mustntC.shouldD.shouldnt解析解析：此处表示和过去事实相反情况，应该用should+have+过去分词。原来应该做，而未做第32页10安徽）26.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe-_A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusy.D.willbebusy解析解析：前句表示对过去虚拟，而but之后表示过去客观事实，故用普通过去时态。第33页（10湖南）29.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow解析解析：依据“wouldnthavelost”可判断if引导状语从句表示与过去事实相反虚拟，故选C项。第34页（10天津）15.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold句意句意：约翰独自去了医院。假如他告诉我话，我会跟他一起去。解析解析：前一句是陈说语气，说明动发生在过去，而且后一句主句已经是wouldhavegone说明是与过去事实相反虚拟语气。与之对应从句结构，应该用had+过去分词。第35页（10江苏）34.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butIdratherhe_moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused解析解析：wouldrather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词过去式第36页15.Ifwe_theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken解析解析：所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句谓语，依据主句谓语动词形式mighthavearrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，选B。第37页（10北京）34.-Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.-Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables.A.wouldntdieB.didntdieC.hadntdiedD.wouldnthavedied解析解析：第二个说话人If条件句是我们选择正确答案关键。要是当初下雨了，现在情况就好多了！我蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨，所以我蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还标准为Ifithadrainedevenadrop,myvegetableswouldnthavedied.If+haddone,主句为couldnt/shouldnt/wouldnthavedone.第38页第39页