食用花卉的规模种植与加工利用申请建设可研报告.doc

Twenty people had already left. I knew that my turn had come. Mr. Harmsworth, I said in a weak voice. Dont interrupt, he Said. Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra &100 a year!Lesson 16 A polite request 彬彬有礼的要求If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder. If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!Lesson 17 Always young 青年常驻My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asked her how old she is, she always answers, My dear, it must be terrible to be grown up!lesson18 He often does this! 他经常干这种事！After I had had lunch at a village inn, I looked for my bag. I had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasnt there ! As I was looking for it, the inn-keeper came in. Did you have a good meal ? he asked. Yes, thank you, I answered, but I cant pay the bill. I havent got my bag. The inn-keeper smiled and immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me. Im very sorry, he said My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this.Lesson19 Sold out 票已售完The play may begin at any moment, I said. It may have begun already, Susan answered.I hurried to the ticket-office. May I have two tickets please ? I asked.Im sorry, weve sold out, the girl said.What a pity! Susan exclaimed.Just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.Can I return these two tickets? he asked.Certainly, the girl said.Could I have those two tickets please ? I asked.Certainly, the girl said, but they are for next Wednesdays performance.I might as well have them, I said sadly.Lesson20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything-not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. You must give up fishing! my friends say. Its a waste of time. But they dont realize one important thing. Im not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all !Lesson21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了？Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built during the war, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.Lesson22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the post-office. Letters will cost a litt1e more, but they will certainly travel faster. Lesson23 A new house 新居I had a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on it had begun before my sister left. The house was completed five months ago. In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. It must be the only modern house in the district.Lesson24 It could be worse 不幸中之万幸I entered the hotel managers office and sat down. I had just lost &50 and I felt very upset. I left the money in my room, I said, and its not there now. The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. Everyones losing money these days, he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained &5o. I found this outside this gentlemans room she said. Well, I said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world !lesson25 Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗？I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me; I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each man speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them ! Do they speak English ?lesson26 The best art critics 最佳美术评论家I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell you what a picture is about. Of course, many pictures arc not about anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. What are you doing ? she asked. Im hanging this picture on the wall, I answered. Its a new one. Do you like it ? She looked at it critically for a moment. Its all right, she said, but isnt it upside-down ? I looked at it again. She was right! It was!Lesson27 A wet night 雨夜Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelt good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they pet out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping-bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping-bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!Lesson28 No parking 禁止停车Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with motorists. when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn motorists to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!Lesson29 Taxi! 出租汽车！Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. Captain Fawcetts first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.Lesson30 Football or polo? 足球还是水球？The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children, but there werent any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank. Lesson31 Success story 成功者的故事Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Frank is now the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1938 he bought a small work-shop of his own. During the war Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. By the end of the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their sons bicycle! Lesson32 Shopping made easy 购物变得很方便People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before-especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the浙江省科技成果转化基金项目可行性研究报告 项目名称：食用花卉的规模种植与加工利用 申请单位： 温州市农业科学研究院 推荐单位： 温州市科技局 编写时间： 2004 年 4 月 25 日浙江省科学技术厅浙江省财政厅二四年 目 录一、总论（一）申请项目概述（二）项目预计目标1.总体目标2阶段目标3资金投入及使用计划二、项目技术成果的先进性分析（一）简述（二）项目创新点（三）知识产权状况三、项目实施方案分析（一）项目的转化内容与技术路线论述（二）项目组织实施方案论述（三）项目产品市场调查与竞争能力预测（四）投资预算与资金筹措（五）项目实施风险评价（六）项目实施计划论述四、项目预期效益分析（一）成果转化目标分析（二）经济效益分析1产品成本分析2产品单位售价与盈利预测3经济效益分析4项目投资评价（三）社会效益、生态效益分析五、项目支撑条件分析（一） 申报单位基本情况（二） 单位转化能力论述(三) 单位职工队伍情况（四）单位管理情况（五）单位财务经济状况（六）合作单位研发能力“食用花卉的规模种植与加工利用”科技成果转化基金项目可行性研究报告一、总论（一）申请项目概述食用花卉可以丰富蔬菜种类，调剂口味，同时还具有食疗保健的作用。我市泰顺、文成等山区，具有丰富的野生食用花卉资源。通过几年的研究，我们筛选出了具有开发利用价值的金雀花、木槿、食用菊花等6个品种，测定了主要品种的营养成分，解决了种苗繁殖的关键技术，已繁殖金雀花苗木12万株，总结出了配套的栽培技术，可以进行人工栽培，产品已试销，较受欢迎。2004年2月29日，该项目通过了温州市科技局评审，该项目的总体研究水平达到了国内先进。本项申请的目的是为了扩大食用花卉种植面积，提高产量，对产品进行加工销售，为当地农民及企业带来更多的效益，促进效益农业和创汇农业的发展。（二）项目预计目标1.总体目标（1）项目执行期间计划投资额：本项目预计投资 300万元，预期2年（2004.42006.4）；（2）项目完成时的成果熟化程度：建立食用花卉种苗繁殖基地200亩，推广种植食用花卉2000亩，金雀花亩产鲜花达到160斤，木槿达到300斤，以后产量将逐年增加，食用菊花亩产达到1000斤，建立一条食用花卉深加工的生产流水线；（3）执行的质量标准：建立的食用花卉基地要达绿色食品生产要求，食用花卉加工后的产品质量要达到国家要求的卫生标准；（4）转化后可获得的经济、社会、生态效益：本成果转化后，可以建立2000多亩符合绿色食品生产标准的食用花卉生产基地，不仅可以提供较多就业机会，使当地农民增收，也为当地农业产业结构调整提供了一种新方法；而且，基地建立以后，可以按“公司+农户”及“公司+基地+农户”的模式经营，带动当地农民共同致富，促进当地农业的发展。食用花卉深加工生产流水线建立以后，不但解决了由于食用花卉花期过于集中，盛花期农民卖花难的问题；而且可以大幅度的提高食用花卉的附加值，使农民增收，企业增效。并且可以丰富广大市民的菜篮子，使市民一年四季能吃到美味的食用花卉，还可以出口创汇。另外，食用花卉生产基地的建立，也可以绿化、美化荒山。因此本项目转化后具有巨大的经济、社会和生态效益。2阶段目标2004.42005.3 建立食用花卉种苗基地200亩，发展食用花卉种植基地1000亩，购买生产设备，建立一套用于食用花卉深加工的生产流水线，同时对产品进行包装设计，推向市场。2005.42005.3 进一步扩大食用花卉基地1000亩，巩固原有的食用花卉基地，进一步完善生产流水线，扩大产品的生产规模，拓宽销售渠道，营造自己的品牌，进一步扩大食用花卉产品的影响力。3资金投入及使用计划项目计划新增投资额 300万元，其中固定资产投资210万元，流动资金投资90万元。目前近期完成投资额120万元，其中银行贷款50万元。由单位负责完成的新增投资资金到位时间和到位金额见表1。表1由单位负责完成的新增投资资金到位时间和到位金额金额到位时间预计金额到位量2004.8120万元200590万元200630万元二、项目技术成果的先进性分析（一）简述对食用花卉进行这样系统的研究，国内的报道不多。食花餐卉是中华民族传统饮食文化的一大特色，其历史十分悠久。近年来世界许多国家兴起了食用花卉研究，1989年我国民族植物学家裴盛基和日本京都大学的近田文弘教授共同发起组织了亚洲食花文化国际会议，并出版了亚洲食花文化国际会议论文集。美国、法国、澳大利亚、墨西哥等国也都很重视食用花卉的研究和利用。中国科学院和云南省将食用花卉作为重大项目加以研究，对我国云南各民族食用花卉进行了调查研究，但对食用花卉的种苗繁殖和人工栽培技术及营养成分的报道很少。本课题通过查阅资料、实地调查和田间栽培的方法，调查了温州市食用花卉资源，基本摸清了温州市食用花卉资源的种类、食用方法及医疗保健功效，收集到食用花卉资源24种34个品种，通过栽培和生物学特性观察，从中筛选出6个具有开发利用价值的品种。对具有开发利用价值的品种进行了种苗繁殖和栽培技术的研究及营养成分测定分析，为资源的开发利用提供了科学依据。通过研究解决了种苗繁殖的关键技术，提出了配套的栽培管理方法，并进行了一定面积的推广试种，取得了较好的经济社会效益和生态效益。对食用花卉进行这样系统的研究，国内的报道不多。（二）项目创新点1 通过查阅资料、实地调查和田间种植相结合的方法，首次对温州市食用花卉资源进行了调查、分类，基本摸清了温州市食用花卉资源的种类、食用方法和医疗保健功效，为开发利用提供了科学依据。2 筛选出具有开发利用价值的食用花卉6种：金雀花、木槿、食用菊花、栀子花、白花美丽胡枝子、迷迭香。3 对金雀花种苗繁殖技术进行了较系统的研究，通过扦插基质、激素处理、扦插时间、插条选择、保湿条件等全方位的研究，使金雀花扦插繁殖成活率达到90%以上，并获得了大批量的金雀花扦插苗用于推广种植，解决了优良食用花卉金雀花因种苗繁殖困难，无法大面积开发利用的难题。4对金雀花组培快繁技术进行研究，以金雀花的顶芽、侧芽为外植体，嫩芽诱导率达到100%，通过激素配比试验，发现金雀花嫩芽在MS+BA0.5AA0.1的培养基中，繁殖系数可达3-5倍/20天，同时发现转移时机在快速繁殖中起重要作用。经查新，国内还未见有金雀花组培快繁技术的研究报道。5在国内首次报道了金雀花营养成分，为研究和开发花卉食品提供了科学依据。6野生食用花卉-金雀花进行人工栽培和繁殖，产品已试销。（三）知识产权状况“食用花卉资源的征集、繁殖和栽培技术的研究”课题是2001年市科技局立项下达的科研任务，项目编号：N2001A15，由温州市农科院生物技术所主持，温州亨哈食品有限公司参加,本项目的知识产权属完成单位共有。三、项目实施方案分析（一）项目的转化内容与技术路线论述1.项目转化的内容（1）在原有的基础上，对野生的食用花卉进行人工种植，加大食用花卉苗木的繁殖，建立苗木基地200亩，每年扩大食用花卉种植面积1000亩； （2）建立食用花卉无公害生产基地，使食用花卉的生产达到无公害生产的标准；（3）建立金雀花、食用菊花、栀子花、木槿等深加工小包装生产流水线，投入生产使用。 2.技术路线论述食用花卉加工技术路线：（1）脱水：采摘 分选 清洗 漂烫 甩干脱水分选检测 称重包装成品检测 入库 销售（2）腌制：采摘分选清洗甩干 分选加盐质检分装称重产品检测 入库销售（3）保鲜：采摘分选质检分装称重标贴成品检测 入库保鲜销售食用花卉规模种植路线：（1）品种选择，根据项目的研究结果，选择产量高，采摘容易，市场销售前景较好的食用花卉品种：金雀花、木槿、食用菊花、栀子花、白花美丽胡枝子。（2）选择适宜的种植地，周围的环境符合生产绿色食品的要求。（3）种苗培育和定植，以现在技术已经成熟的扦插繁殖为主，金雀花当年扦插，第二年定植；木槿、食用菊花、栀子花当年扦插，当年定植