动词的时态之一般将来时课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

动词时态之普通未来时第1页目录定义1五种使用方法2时间状语3句式结构4第2页定义普普通通未未来来时时表表示示未未来来某某一一时时刻刻动动作作或或状状态态，或或未未来来某某一一段段时时间间内内经经常常动动作作或或状状态态。经经常常和和表表示示未未来来时时间间状状语语连连用用。如如:t to om mo or rr ro ow w(明明天天)，n ne ex xt t w we ee ek k(下下周周 );i in n t th he e f fu ut tu ur re e(未未来来)等等。普普通通未未来来时时由由助助动动词词s sh ha al ll l(第第一一人人称称)，w wi il ll l(第第二二、三三人人称称)动动词词原原形形组组成成。美美式式英英语语则则不不论论什什么么人人称称，一一律律用用w wi il ll l。第3页五种使用方法（1 1）will/shall do表表示示客客观观上上势势必必发发生生事事情情或或暂暂时时作作出出打打算算比比如如：He will be twenty years old.他他明明年年就就20岁岁了了。W Wi il ll l y yo ou u b be e f fr re ee e t to on ni ig gh ht t?你你今今晚晚有有空空吗吗？I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.假假如如明明天天下下雨雨，我我就就不不来来了了。（第第一一人人称称普普通通用用shall）第4页五种使用方法（2）b be e g go oi in ng g t to o doa.表表示示计计划划、打打算算、准准备备做做事事。We are going to put up a building here.我我们们打打算算在在这这里里盖盖一一座座楼楼。How are you going to spend your holidays?假假期期你你准准备备怎怎样样过过？b.依依据据某某种种迹迹象象表表示示即即将将发发生生或或必必定定要要发发生生事事。I think it is going to snow.我我看看要要下下雪雪了了。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看看那那乌乌云云，要要下下雨雨了了。第5页五种使用方法(3)be to do sth.a.表表示示计计划划、约约定定或或按按职职责责、义义务务必必须须去去做做事事eg.You are to hand in the composition on Monday.周周一一你你必必须须交交上上作作文文。b.即即将将发发生生动动作作 All the questions are to be answered at once.全全部部问问题题都都必必须须马马上上回回答答。c.征征求求对对方方意意见见 Are we to go on with this work?我我们们继继续续干干吗吗？第6页五种使用方法（4）be about to do 表表示示很很快快或或即即将将发发生生动动作作，意意为为：立立刻刻，马马上上。普普通通不不与与时时间间状状语语连连用用eg.W We e a ar re e a ab bo ou ut t t to o l le ea av ve e.我我们们马马上上就就走走。The new school year is about to begin.新新年年即即将将开开始始。Sit down,everyone.The film is about to start.大大家家坐坐好好，电电影影马马上上开开始始了了。第7页五种使用方法(5)一一些些行行进进式式动动词词，如如go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live,fly,等等可可用用普普通通现现在在时时表表示示按按计计划划即即将将发发生生动动作作eg.The meeting starts at five oclock.会会议议五五点点开开始始。He gets off at the next stop.他他下下一一站站下下车车。第8页使用方法补充（1）在在普普通通未未来来时时句句子子中中，有有时时有有表表示示未未来来时时间间状状语语，有有时时没没有有时时间间状状语语，这这时时要要从从意意思思上上判判断断是是否否指指未未来来动动作作或或情情况况。e eg g.WWi il ll l s sh he e c co omme e?她她她她（会会会会）来来来来吗吗吗吗？（2 2 2 2）在在在在以以以以第第第第一一一一人人人人称称称称I I I I或或或或w w w we e e e作作作作主主主主语语语语问问问问句句句句中中中中，普普普普通通通通使使使使用用用用助助助助动动动动词词词词s s s sh h h ha a a al l l ll l l l，这这这这时时时时或或或或是是是是征征征征求求求求对对对对方方方方意意意意见见见见，或或或或是是是是问问问问询询询询一一一一个个个个情情情情况况况况(b b b b)：a a a a.W W W Wh h h he e e er r r re e e e s s s sh h h ha a a al l l ll l l l w w w we e e e m m m me e e ee e e et t t t?我我我我们们们们在在在在哪哪哪哪儿儿儿儿碰碰碰碰头头头头？b b b b.S S S Sh h h ha a a al l l ll l l l w w w we e e e h h h ha a a av v v ve e e e a a a an n n ny y y y c c c cl l l la a a as s s ss s s se e e es s s s t t t to o o om m m mo o o or r r rr r r ro o o ow w w w?明明明明天天天天我我我我们们们们有有有有课课课课吗吗吗吗？在在在在这这这这类类类类问问问问句句句句中中中中，近近近近几几几几年年年年来来来来也也也也有有有有不不不不少少少少人人人人用用用用w w w wi i i il l l ll l l l，尤尤尤尤其其其其是是是是在在在在美美美美国国国国。比比比比如如如如：H H H Ho o o ow w w w w w w wi i i il l l ll l l l I I I I g g g ge e e et t t t t t t th h h he e e er r r re e e e?我我我我怎怎怎怎么么么么去去去去？第9页使用方法补充（3）依据要求或时间表预计要发生动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，）依据要求或时间表预计要发生动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用普通现在时表示未来时。都可用普通现在时表示未来时。eg.The new term starts(begins)on August 29th.The new term starts(begins)on August 29th.新学期八新学期八月二十九日开学。月二十九日开学。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go out for a If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go out for a picnic.picnic.假如明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。假如明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。（4）在一些祈使动词短语）在一些祈使动词短语make suremake sure，see see（toto）itit，be surebe sure后后接从句，用普通现在时表未来。接从句，用普通现在时表未来。eg.1.Make sure all the windows are closed before you 1.Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.leave.2.Be sure you finish it today.2.Be sure you finish it today.3.See to it that the door is fastened before you 3.See to it that the door is fastened before you go to bedgo to bed第10页时间状语1 1）t to om mo or rr ro ow w,t th he e d da ay y a af ft te er r t to om mo or rr ro ow w,t to om mo or rr ro ow w m mo or rn ni in ng g/a af ft te er rn no oo on n/e ev ve en ni in ng g2 2）n ne ex xt t y ye ea ar r/w we ee ek k/m mo on nt th h/h ho ou ur r/d da ay y/c ce en nt tu ur ry y3 3)i in n t th he e f fu ut tu ur re e4)t th hi is s a af ft te er rn no oo on n/S Su un nd da ay y/e ev ve en ni in ng g5)f fr ro om m n no ow w o on n6)o on ne e d da ay y,s so om me ed da ay y （未未来来）某某天天7)s so oo on n第11页时间状语惯惯用用表表示示未未来来时时间间词词:t to om mo or rr ro ow wn ne ex xt t+时时间间词词(n ne ex xt t w we ee ek k,)i in n+时时间间词词(i in n t th hr re ee e d da ay ys s,)t th hi is s+时时间间词词(t th hi is s w we ee ek ke en nd d,)第12页句式结构1 1.必必定定句句：I I/W We e s sh ha al ll l/w wi il ll l g go o.Y Yo ou u/H He e/S Sh he e/T Th he ey y w wi il ll l g go o.2 2.否否定定句句：I I/W We e s sh ha al ll l/w wi il ll l n no ot t g go o.Y Yo ou u/H He e/S Sh he e/T Th he ey y w wi il ll l n no ot t g go o.3 3.疑疑问问句句：S Sh ha al ll l I I/w we e g go o?W Wi il ll l y yo ou u/h he e/s sh he e/t th he ey y g go o?简简略略回回答答：（肯肯）Y Ye es s,主主语语s sh ha al ll l/w wi il ll l (否否)N No o,主主语语 s sh ha al ll l/w wi il ll l n no ot t4 4.特特殊殊疑疑问问句句：普普通通未未来来时时特特殊殊疑疑问问句句是是将将疑疑问问词词放放在在句句首首，后后接接普普通通疑疑问问句句（就就主主语语提提问问时时，以以疑疑问问词词w wh ho o开开头头疑疑问问词词除除外外）-W Wh hy y w wi il ll l y yo ou u b be e h he er re e o on n S Su un nd da ay y?（周周日日你你为为何何将将要要在在这这儿儿？）-I I w wi il ll l h ha av ve e a a m me ee et ti in ng g o on n S Su un nd da ay y.（我我将将要要在在周周日日举举行行一一个个聚聚会会。）普普通通疑疑问问句句：b be e或或w wi il ll l提提到到句句首首s so om me e改改a an ny y,a an nd d改改o or r，第第一一二二人人称称交交换换W We e a ar re e g go oi in ng g t to o g go o o on n a an n o ou ut ti in ng g t th hi is s w we ee ek ke en nd d.-A Ar re e y yo ou u g go oi in ng g t to o g go o o on n a an n o ou ut ti in ng g t th hi is s w we ee ek ke en nd d?第13页句式结构5 5.被被动动句句：w wi il ll l/s sh ha al ll l+b be e+v v.e ed d(及及物物动动词词过过去去分分词词）T Th he e l le et tt te er r w wi il ll l b be e s se en nt t t to om mo or rr ro ow w.这这封封信信明明天天将将寄寄出出去去W We e s sh ha al ll l b be e p pu un ni is sh he ed d i if f w we e b br re ea ak k t th he e r ru ul le e.假假如如我我们们违违反反要要求求，我我们们将将受受到到处处罚罚。注注意意：w wi il ll l和和s sh ha al ll l在在句句子子中中所所表表示示“意意志志”是是不不一一样样，当当句句子子主主语语是是第第一一人人称称（I I）时时候候表表示示是是主主语语 I I 自自主主“意意志志”。s sh ha al ll l在在第第二二 、三三人人称称时时也也和和w wi il ll l在在第第一一人人称称一一样样。也也只只有有在在二二三三人人称称才才带带有有意意志志，只只不不过过s sh ha al ll l带带有有是是“说说话话者者”意意志志。而而不不是是主主语语意意志志。如如：h he e s sh ha al ll l b be e r re ew wa ar rd de ed d.他他会会得得到到回回报报第14页主将从现主主将将从从现现是是指指在在时时间间状状语语从从句句和和条条件件状状语语从从句句和和让让步步状状语语从从句句中中，假假如如主主句句是是普普通通未未来来时时，从从句句用用普普通通现现在在时时替替换换普普通通未未来来时时。eg.I I w wi il ll l t te el ll l h hi im m a ab bo ou ut t i it t w wh he en n h he e c co om me es s.I If f i it t i is s f fi in ne e t to om mo or rr ro ow w,w we e w wi il ll l g go o o ou ut ti in ng g.假假如如主主句句时时态态是是过过去去未未来来时时，那那么么从从句句要要用用普普通通过过去去时时。比比如如：H He e s sa ai id d t th ha at t h he e w wo ou ul ld d h ha av ve e a an no ot th he er r t tr ry y i if f h he e h ha ad d t th he e c ch ha an nc ce e.I I k kn ne ew w h he e c co ou ul ld d h he el lp p m me e i if f h he e w wa as s f fr re ee e t th he e n ne ex xt t d da ay y.主主要要标标志志有有：i if f 、u un nl le es ss s 、u un nt ti il l、w wh he en n 、a as s s so oo on n a as s(用用普普通通未未来来时时提提问问，回回答答时时也也要要用用普普通通未未来来时时)第15页主将从现常见有以下四种情况：一、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时，那么从句经常用一般现在时。如：When I grow up,Ill be a nurse and look after patients.我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。二、假如主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时如：Dont laugh at me when I make a mistake.我犯错误时候不要笑话我。三、假如主句是含有情态动词一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时如：You should be quiet when you are in the reading room在阅览室时应保持平静。四、假如if条件状语从句碰到变换间接和直接时,祈使句应用notto.如;She said not to close the window.常见时间状语从句连词有：as soon as,when,while,as,until等第16页PS：will与be going to 分别b be e g go oi in ng g t to o与与w wi il ll l二二者者都都可可表表示示将将要要发发生生事事、将将要要去去做做某某事事，但但它它们们有有以以下下几几点点区区分分：1 1.b be e g go oi in ng g t to o 表表示示将将要要发发生生事事情情，w wi il ll l 表表示示时时间间则则较较远远一一些些，如如：H He e i is s g go oi in ng g t to o w wr ri it te e a a l le et tt te er r t to on ni ig gh ht t.H He e w wi il ll l w wr ri it te e a a b bo oo ok k o on ne e d da ay y.2 2.b be e g go oi in ng g t to o 表表示示依依据据主主观观判判断断未未来来必必定定发发生生事事情情，w wi il ll l表表示示客客观观上上未未来来势势必必发发生生事事情情。H He e i is s s se er ri io ou us sl ly y i il ll l.H He e i is s g go oi in ng g t to o d di ie e.H He e w wi il ll l b be e t tw we en nt ty y y ye ea ar rs s o ol ld d.第17页3 3.b be e g go oi in ng g t to o 含含有有“计计划划，准准备备”意意思思，而而 w wi il ll l 则则没没有有这这个个意意思思，如如：S S S Sh h h he e e e i i i is s s s g g g go o o oi i i in n n ng g g g t t t to o o o l l l le e e en n n nd d d d u u u us s s s h h h he e e er r r r b b b bo o o oo o o ok k k k.H H H He e e e w w w wi i i il l l ll l l l b b b be e e e h h h he e e er r r re e e e i i i in n n n h h h ha a a al l l lf f f f a a a an n n n h h h ho o o ou u u ur r r r.4 4.在在有有条条件件从从句句主主句句中中，普普通通不不用用 b be e g go oi in ng g t to o,而而多多用用w wi il ll l,如如：I I I If f f f a a a an n n ny y y y b b b be e e ea a a as s s st t t ts s s s c c c co o o om m m me e e es s s s a a a at t t t y y y yo o o ou u u u,I I I I l l l ll l l l s s s st t t ta a a ay y y y w w w wi i i it t t th h h h y y y yo o o ou u u u a a a an n n nd d d d h h h he e e el l l lp p p p y y y yo o o ou u u u.5.b be e g go oi in ng g t to o往往往往表表示示事事先先经经过过考考虑虑打打算算；w wi il ll l多多表表示示意意愿愿，决决心心。二二者者有有时时不不能能交交换换。如如：S S S Sh h h he e e e i i i is s s s s s s st t t tu u u ud d d dy y y yi i i in n n ng g g g h h h ha a a ar r r rd d d d a a a an n n nd d d d i i i is s s s g g g go o o oi i i in n n ng g g g t t t to o o o t t t tr r r ry y y y f f f fo o o or r r r t t t th h h he e e e e e e ex x x xa a a am m m ms s s s.她她她她正正正正努努努努力力力力学学学学习习习习并并并并尝尝尝尝试试试试参参参参加加加加考考考考试试试试。（i i i is s s s g g g go o o oi i i in n n ng g g g t t t to o o o不不不不能能能能用用用用w w w wi i i il l l ll l l l替替替替换换换换）第18页Exercises1.W Wh ha at t w wo ou ul ld d y yo ou u d do o i if f i it t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t to om mo or rr ro ow w?W We e h ha av ve e t to o c ca ar rr ry y i it t o on n,s si in nc ce e w we ev ve e g go ot t e ev ve er ry yt th hi in ng g r re ea ad dy y.A A.r ra ai in n B B.r ra ai in ns s C C.w wi il ll l r ra ai in n D D.i is s r ra ai in ni in ng g2 2.W Wh ha at t a ar re e y yo ou u g go oi in ng g t to o d do o t th hi is s a af ft te er rn no oo on n?I I a am m g go oi in ng g t to o t th he e c ci in ne em ma a w wi it th h s so om me e f fr ri ie en nd ds s.T Th he e f fi il lm m _ _ _ _ _ _q qu ui it te e e ea ar rl ly y,s so o w we e _ _ _ _ _ t to o t th he e b bo oo ok ks st to or re e a af ft te er r t th ha at t.A A.f fi in ni is sh he ed d;a ar re e g go oi in ng g B B.f fi in ni is sh he ed d;g go o C C.f fi in ni is sh he es s;a ar re e g go oi in ng g D D.f fi in ni is sh he es s;g go o 第19页3.My younger brother _be 15 years old next year.3.My younger brother _be 15 years old next year.A.is going to B.will C.is to A.is going to B.will C.is to D.shouldD.should 4.Sorry,I forgot to post the letter for you.4.Sorry,I forgot to post the letter for you.Never mind,_ post it myself tonight.Never mind,_ post it myself tonight.A.Im going to B.I prefer to A.Im going to B.I prefer to C.Ill D.Id rather C.Ill D.Id rather5.Write to me when you get home._.A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I can第20页第21页