标准规范一般用途离心泵.doc

1. GENERAL概述
1.1 Scope范畴
a. This Standard Specification covers the general design requirements for centrifugal pumps within the following application limits and specified to comply with ASME B73.1 or B73.2 standards:
本原则规范涉及遵守ASME B73.1或B73.2原则和满足下列条件离心泵设计。
Maximum discharge pressure 275 psig (19 kg/cm 2 g)
最大出口压力275 psig (19 kg/cm 2 g)
Maximum suction pressure(normal operating，non short term upset) 75 psig (5 kg/cm 2 g)
最大入口压力（常规工况无切换） 75 psig (5 kg/cm 2 g)
Maximum rated total head 400 feet (120 meters)
最大额定扬程400英尺(120米)
Maximum rated speed 3600 rpm最大额定转速 3600 rpm
Maximum pump fluid temperature 300°F (150°C)
最高介质温度300°F (150°C)
b. Exceptions or variations shown in the UOP Project Specifications take precedence over requirements shown herein.
“UOP公司工程规范”中给出例外状况或变更优先于本原则中规定。
1.2 References参照文献
Unless noted below，use the edition and addenda of each referenced document current on the date of this UOP Standard Specification. When a referenced document incorporates another document，use the edition of that document required by the referenced document.
如果如下没有此外阐明，使用本“原则规范”发行日期内有效各参照文献版本和附录。如果参照文献引用另一文献，则使用参照文献规定引用文献版本。

a. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B73.1-，“Specification for
Horizontal End Suction Centrifugal Pumps for Chemical Process”
ASME B73.1- 化工用卧式端吸离心泵规格
b. ASME B73.2-，“Specification for Vertical In-Line Centrifugal Pumps for Chemical Process”.
ASME B73.2- 化工用立式管道离心泵
c. ASME B16.1，“Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings；(Classes 25，125，250)”
ASME B16.1 铸铁管法兰和法兰管件(磅级 25，125，250)
d. ASME B16.42 “Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings，Classes 150 and 300”
ASME B16.42-1998 球墨铸铁管法兰和法兰管件磅级150 和300

e. ASME B16.5，“Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings，NPS ½ through NPS 24 Metric/InchStandard”
美国机械工程师学会(ASME) B16.5，“管法兰和法兰管件，NPS1/2至NPS24公制/英制原则”。
f. ASME B46.1，“Surface Texture (Surface Roughness，Waviness，Lay)”
ASME B46.1，“表面构造特性(表面粗糙度、波浪度及形态)”。
g. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A193，“Standard Specification for Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service or High Pressure Service and other Special Purpose Applications”
(ASTM) A193高温设备用合金钢和不锈钢螺栓材料原则规范
h. ASTM A194，“Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Service，or Both”
ASTM A194高温或高压或高温高压螺栓用碳钢及合金钢螺母
i. ASTM A276，“Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes”
ASTM A276不锈钢棒材和型材规格
j. Deutsches Institut fur Normung (DIN) 50018，“Testing in a Saturated Atmosphere on the Pressure of Sulfur Dioxide”
(DIN) 50018在含二氧化硫气体冷凝水中变换气候实验
k. International Standards Organization (ISO) 1940 “Mechanical Vibration Balance Quality Requirement for Rotors in a Constant (Rigid) State”
(ISO) 1940机械振动—刚性转子平衡精度规定
l. National，state，and local governmental regulations and laws
国家、州和地方政府法律和规定。
1.3 Acceptability Criteria可接受原则
The vendor's offering shall have proven success in industrial operation. Prototypes are not acceptable.
供货商报价中规格和设计应具备在规定操作条件下现场成功应用验证记录（不接受样机）。
2. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION设计和建造
2.1 General概述
a. The design and construction of horizontal pumps shall comply with ASME B73.1 except where modified by either the UOP Project Specification(s) or UOP Standard Specification(s).卧式离心泵应遵守ASME B73规定，“UOP公司工程规范”“UOP公司原则规范”中加以修改某些除外。

b. The design and construction of vertical pumps shall comply with ASME B73.2 except where modified by either the UOP Project Specification(s) or UOP Standard Specification(s).立式离心泵应遵守ASME B73规定，“UOP公司工程规范”“UOP公司原则规范”中加以修改某些除外。
c. All equipment shall be designed to operate in a totally unprotected outdoor environment.泵要按照完全无防护，室外环境运营条件设计。

d. Pumps and mechanical seals shall be designed for continuous operation at the maximum pumping temperature. If a maximum pumping temperature is not specified,the normal pumping temperature plus 50°F (28°C) minimum shall be used.泵设计应使其在至少高于规定最高运营温度50°F (28°C)下持续运营。

e. Inducers shall not be used.不容许使用诱导轮
f. For horizontal pumps，the pump vendor shall mount and align the driver on the base plate.卧式泵厂商应将电机安装在基座上
g. Vertical drive components shall be in the pump vendor’s scope of supply and they shall be aligned and match marked in the vendor’s shop.供应商应立式电机组件并对齐和标记在供应商商店里
2.2 Hydraulic Selection Criteria水利选取原则
a. Pumps that have stable head/flow rate curves (continuous head rise to shutoff) are preferred for all applications and are required if parallel operation is specified. If parallel operation is specified，the head rise from rated point to shutoff shall be at least 10%. If a discharge orifice is used as a means of providing a continuous rise to shutoff,
this use shall be stated in the proposal.有稳定压头泵/流量曲线（持续闭阀扬程）泵合用于所有应用且需要如果是并联操作。如果指定并联操作，额定扬程和闭阀扬程至少差10%。如果采用排水孔来提供闭阀扬程，需单独阐明。
b. The maximum impeller diameter for a single-stage overhung pump design，operating at 2950 rpm to 3600 rpm，shall be 13 inches (330 millimeters)
转速2950 rpm 到 3600 rpm单级悬臂离心泵最大设计叶轮直径为13英寸(330mm）
c. Pumps shall have a preferred operating region of 70% to 120% of best efficiency flow rate of the pump as furnished. Rated flow shall be within the region of 80% to 110% of best efficiency flow rate of the pump as furnished.
泵应具备最佳工作区域，占泵最佳效率流量70%至120%。额定流量应在设备最佳效率流率80%到110%之间。
d. Pumps with constant speed drivers shall be capable of a future head increase of at least 5% at rated flow rate by installing a new impeller.
以恒定速度驱动泵，应具备每安装一种新叶轮在额定流量中增长至少5%流量能力。
e. The suction specific speed shall not exceed 11,000 (USGPM，ft)，13,000 (M3/hr,meters). The suction specific speed of pumps over 100 HP (75 kW) in water or aqueous solution (over 50% water) services shall not exceed 9500 USGPM，ft)，11,000 (M3/hr，meters).
吸力比速度不超过11000(USGPM,ft)，13000(M3 / hr，米)。在水或水溶液(超过50%水)中，泵吸力比为100 HP(75 kW)，不超过9500(USGPM,ft)，11000(M3 / hr，米)。
f. Hydrocarbon correction factors shall not be used to calculate Net Positive Suction Head(NPSH).
不应使用碳氢化合物校正因子计算汽蚀余量(NPSH)
2.3 Flanges法兰
a. The suction and discharge flanges shall be the same Class.
出入口法兰应采用统一规格
b. Flange classes are specified in accordance with ASME B16.1，ASME B16.42 and ASME B16.5. Flange classes listed in UOP Project Specifications are based upon design pressure and temperature conditions only，and do not account for other loads. The final design of all flanges shall account for gasket seating and external loads.Differential thermal expansion for dissimilar joints and transient thermal conditions such as start-up/shutdown and operational upset shall be accommodated.
法兰级别采用ASME B16.5规定。“UOP公司工程规范”给出法兰级别只按照设计压力和温度条件，没有考虑其他负载。所有法兰最后设计应考虑最小预紧压力和外部负载。不同种材料连接产生不均匀热膨胀和开车/停车及操作不稳定期瞬时热状态应加以考虑。
c. Flanges intended for use with spiral wound gaskets shall have a flange surface finish of 125 micro inch Ra minimum to 250 micro inch Ra maximum. Flanges intended for use with other gaskets shall have a flange surface finish within the optimal range for the specified gasket. Finishes shall be judged by visual comparison with surface finish roughness standards conforming to ASME B46.1. Flange finishes shall be protected from damage during fabrication，heat treatment，shipping，storage，and installation.
使用缠绕式垫片法兰，其表面光洁度范畴应为最低125微英寸Ra至最高250微英寸Ra。使用其他垫片法兰，其表面光洁度应为规定垫片所规定最佳范畴。光洁度通过与符合ASME B46.1规定表面光洁度粗糙度原则试样进行观测比较来判断。法兰表面光洁度应当在制造、热解决、运送、贮存和安装过程中加以保护，防止损坏。

d. Flanges shall be designed for through bolting.
法兰连接方式为螺栓连接
2.4 Casings壳体
a. The thickness of the pressure casing shall be suitable for the maximum discharge pressure，taking into account the maximum impeller diameter and turbine over speed,and the maximum temperature defined by Section 2.1.d
压力壳体厚度应合用于最大排放压力，考虑到最大叶轮直径和涡轮转速，以及第2.1.d节定义最高温度
b. Flanges shall be provided for connections 1 inch NPS and larger.
不不大于1NPS应采用法兰连接
c. The casing shall be provided with a vent connection unless the pump is made self-venting by arrangement of the nozzles.
除非泵是通过喷嘴布置来进行自排气，否则应提供排气管。
d. The vendor shall provide a casing drain with valve. The connection shall be largest possible for that casing up to a maximum of ¾ inch NPS.
供应商应为壳体提供放水阀，最大尺寸 ¾ inch NPS
e. Threaded drain and vent connections shall not be used in hydrocarbon or other flammable services.烃及其她易燃介质放空禁用螺纹连接
f. Threaded connections for the primary seal flush are allowed. Threaded fittings for transitioning from the casing to tubing for seal flush piping may be used provided that a secondary sealing feature，such as O-rings，are used and that the joint does not depend on the thread contact alone to seal the fluid. The connection boss shall have a machined face suitable for sealing contact.
主密封冲洗容许采用螺纹连接，但必要采用如O型圈二次密封起到多重密封作用。管接头应通过机加工解决适合密封。
g. Seal welding of threaded connections is not allowed.
不容许使用螺纹连接密封焊

h. Ductile iron pressure casings shall not be used in hydrocarbon or other flammable services.烃和易爆介质不容许使用铸铁壳体
i. Casing bolting for ductile iron pumps shall conform to ASTM A193，Grade B7 with ASTM A194 Grade 2H nuts. For stainless steel pumps，bolting shall conform to ASTM A193，Grade B8 Class 2 with ASTM A194 Grade 8 nuts
铸铁泵壳体螺栓应符合ASTM A193，Grade B7 配合ASTM A194 Grade 2H螺母不锈钢泵螺栓应符合 ASTM A193，B8级 Class 2 配合ASTM A194 8级螺母2.5 Impellers叶轮
a. Impeller axial clearance shall be adjustable without disassembly of the pump.叶轮轴向间隙应在不拆泵状况下可调
b. Impellers shall be dynamically balanced in accordance with ISO 1940，quality grade G2.5after trimming to the specified diameter. If the ratio of maximum outside diameter divided by the width at the periphery including the shroud(s) is less than six，a two-plane spin balance shall be performed.
叶轮应依照ISO 1940，质量级别g2.5，按规定直径进行动态平衡。如果最大外径比除以周边宽度，涉及包裹宽度不大于6，则需要进行两平面动平衡
2.6 Shaft轴
a. Shaft shall have stiffness ratio of (L 3 /D 4 ) of less than 65 in -1 (2.56 mm -1 ). For a stiffness ratio greater than 60 but less than 65，the lowest turn down flow should be limited to 60% of BEP to prevent excessive shaft deflection (if operation below 60% BEP is required，consider adding a pump spill back-if one is not already provided)轴刚度比(L 3 /D 4 )应低于65英寸-1 (2.56 mm -1 )。刚度比高于60低于65，最低切换流量应至少最佳效率点60%防止轴弯曲（如果操作规定低于最佳效率点60%，考虑增长泵放空如果未提供）
b. Pump shaft shall not be integral with motor shaft.泵轴与电机轴不应一体
c. Pumps shall have solid shafts. Hook shaft sleeves are not acceptable.
轴应为实心轴，不容许使用轴套
2.7 Shaft Sealing轴封
a. Pumps shall have cartridge mounted mechanical seals.
泵应安装机械密封
b. For pumps handling hydrocarbon，toxic，or corrosive fluids，the pump seal chambers shall be sized to accommodate a dual mechanical seal system.对于解决碳氢化合物、有毒或腐蚀性流体泵，泵密封室应按大小调节，以适应双机械密封系统。
c. If auxillary API 682 flush plans 52 or 53 are specified，pumping rings shall be provided with the mechanical seals. A thermosiphon system alone does not meet this requirement.如果采用API682中52或53冲洗方案，机封应提供泵送环，除非系统有热虹吸系统。
d. Non-sealing metallic parts of the seal shall have corrosion resistance equal to that of the pump casing or shall be ASTM A276 Type 316 stainless steel as a minimum except springs which shall be Hastelloy C-276 as a minimum. Set screws shall have the appropriate hardness for the given shaft and corrosion resistance for the process liquid and environment where the seal is to be installed.
密封非密封金属部件应具备与泵壳体相似耐腐蚀性能，或应以ASTM A276原则型316型不锈钢为最小值。固定螺钉应具备恰当硬度，合用于所安装密封工艺液体和环境。
e. Seal chambers shall be arranged to maintain a positive pressure under all specified operating conditions，including pumps in vacuum service.在所有指定操作条件下(涉及真空泵)，应安排密封室保持正压。
f. Internal seal flush passageways are not permitted.
不容许采用内部密封冲洗通道
g. Vent and drain connections from mechanical seals shall be piped to a safe area by others.
机械密封排气口和排水管应由其她管道输送到安全区域。
h. The pump vendor shall determine the required circulation rate to insure sufficient liquid at the seal faces for proper seal operation. The restriction orifice，if required，shall not be less than 1/8" (3 mm).泵供应商应拟定所需循环率，以保证密封表面足够液体，以便进行恰当密封操作。如果需要，限制孔不得不大于1 / 8”(3毫米)。
i. Pumps in water service shall be designed so that the water temperature at the seal faces does not exceed 180°F (80°C水泵应当设计成密封面临水温度不超过180°F(80°C)。
2.8 Bearings轴承
a. Bearings shall be the anti-friction type and shall have an L-10 rating life of 25,000 hours minimum in continuous operation at rated pump conditions.
轴承应是耐磨型，在额定泵工况下持续运营时，其额定寿命为25,000小时。
b. Single-row bearings shall be Conrad (deep groove) type.
单列轴承为康拉德(深沟)型。
c. Pumps with bearing housings lubricated by open or closed loop，pure oil mist shall use Inpro Permanent Bearing Protection type OM-32 bearing isolators or equal，as a minimum.
d. Pumps with bearing housings lubricated by constant level oilers or purge oil mist shall use Inpro Permanent Bearing Protection type VBXX-D bearing isolatorsor equal，as a minimum. Labyrinth and lip seals are not allowed.泵轴承箱机油或油雾润滑，应安装至少VBXX-D 级别油封。不容许采用迷宫密封和唇形密封。
2.9 Auxiliary Piping辅助管路
a. When cooling water is required，the pump vendor shall pipe the cooling water circuit to a single inlet and outlet at the edge of the baseplate.当需要冷却水时，泵供应商应将冷却水回路管道输送究竟板边沿一种入口和出口。
b. Piping systems shall be sealed before shipping to prevent entry of foreign materials.
管路系统应在装运前密封，以防止外来物质进入。
2.10 Baseplates底座
a. Pumps shall be mounted on single piece，heavy duty fabricated steel baseplates.泵应安装在一种整体，高质量焊接底座上
b. The base plate shall extend under the pump and drive train components so any leakageis contained within the baseplate.底座面积应不不大于泵和电机面积这样任何泄露都会漏在底座上
c. Base plate shall include a drip lip with welded end caps and center I-beam or cross member support.泵底座应有一种带支撑排水管
d. The basep late shall have a sloped deck. The deck shall be sloped a minimum of 1:120 toward the pump end to prevent standing liquids.泵底座应有至少 1:120防积水。
e. Grout holes shall be located to permit filling the entire cavity under the base plate.灌浆孔应定位于容许填充底板下整个孔。
f. All joints (including deck plate) to structural members shall be continuously seal-welded to prevent crevice corrosion. Exposed intermittent welding is unacceptable.构造构件所有接头(涉及甲板板)应持续焊接，防止缝隙腐蚀。不容许浮现断焊。
g. The baseplate shall be provided with lifting at lugs for at least a four-point lift. Lifting the base plate complete with all equipment mounted shall not permanently distort or otherwise damage the base plate or the machinery mounted on it.底座应安装至个吊耳。吊装时保证不损坏底座和设备。
Supplier (or Equal)支持（或等同）
Inpro/Seal