职称英语考试卫生类(B级)试题及答案.pdf

：第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4 个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 I t is obvious that he will win the game.A likelyB possibleC clearD strange2 There is no risk to public health.A pointB dangerC chanceD hope3 Did anyone call me when 1 was out?A inviteB nameC answerD phone4 I t took us a long time to mend the houseA buildB destroyC designD repair5 I don，t quite follow what she is saying.A believeB understandC explainD accept6 We can no longer put up with his actions.A bearB acceptC supportD oppose7 L oud noises can be irritating.A confusingB interestingC stimulatingD annoying8 That player is eternally arguing with the refereeA desperatelyC eventuallyB constantlyD extensively9 The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan.A unclearB firmC shortD neat10 Gambling is lawful in Nevada.A popularB boomingC legalD profitable11 These are their motives for doing it.A reasonsB excusesC answersD plans12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn westA twistsB stretchesC broadensD bends13 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugsA abuseB flavorC temptationD consumption14 These programmes are of immense value to old people.A naturalB fatalC tinyD enormous15 A great deal has been done to remedy the situationA maintainB improveC assessD protect第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答 题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。BreakfastS tudies show that children who eat breakfast do better in schOOl.I t doesnt take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well.Whether you work at home,on the farm,at the office,at school,or on the road,it is not a good idea to skip（故意略去）breakfast.I f we dont eat breakfast,we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel.By mid-morning,a lot of us grab a cup of coffee,or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again.This might work for a few minutes,but by lunchtime we are hungry,bad-tempered,and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch.Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight.Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals,but that isn，t a good idea.The body expects to be refueled a few times a day,so start with a healthy breakfast.A healthy breakfast should contain some protein（蛋 白质）and some fiber（纤维）.Protein can come from meat,eggs,beans,or soy（大豆）.Fiber can be found in whole cereals（谷 物），grains or in fruits A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg,an orange,and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.16 Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 I t is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Men are more likely to skip breakfast than women.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 A person who skips breakfast is more likely to eat unhealthily at lunch.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 S kipping breakfast is a good strategy for losing weight.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 A simple breakfast cannot be a healthy breakfast.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 People who eat breakfast are seldom in a bad mood.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 1-4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。The Drink Your Body Needs Most1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60%to 70%water.Blood is mostly water,and our muscles,lungs,and brain all contain a lot of water.Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients（滋养物）to travel to all our organs.Water also transports oxygen to our cells,removes waste,and protects our joints and organs.2 We lose water through urination（排尿），respiration（呼吸），and by sweating.I f you are very active,you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise.S ymptoms of mild dehydration（脱水）include chronic pains in joints and muscles,lower back pain,headaches,and constipation（便秘）.A strong smell to your urine,along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water.Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact,you need water long before you feel thirsty.3 A good rule of thumb（好的做法）is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half.That gives you the number of ounces（盎司）of water per day that you need.For example,if you weigh 160 pounds,you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day.I f you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active I f you drink coffee or alcohol,you should add at least an equal amount of water.When you are traveling on an airplane,it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane4 I t may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working,traveling,or exercising.I f you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor.There are some brands of flavored water available,but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you dont need23 Paragraph 124 Paragraph 225 Paragraph 326 Paragraph 427 One cannot liveA Ounces of Water Needed Per DayB I mportance of WaterC Composition of WaterD S igns of DehydrationE S upply of WaterF Necessity for Bringing a Bottle forWater with Yon28 Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water29 The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related30 Don,t forget to drink enough water evenA in your bodyB without waterC before longD for a changeE on a busy dayF to your weight第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容从每题 所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Exercise L owers Employers Health CostsCompanies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit,researchers reported on Friday.They said obese（肥胖的）employees had higher health-care costs,but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week-without even losing any weight.Feifei Wang and colleagues at the U niversity of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.They estimated that getting the most sedentary（惯于久坐的）obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790,000 a year,or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.Company-wide,the potential savings could reach$7 1 million per year,they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental MedicineOf the whole group of workers,about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight（超重的），and 25 percent were obese.Annual health-care costs averaged$2,200 for normal weight,$2,400 for the overweight,and$2,700 for obese employees.But among workers who did no exercise,health-care costs went up by at least$100 a year,and were$3.000 a year for obese employees who were sedentaryBut adding two or more days of light exercise-at least 20 minutes of exercise orwork hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing-lowered costs by on average$500per employee a year,the researchers found.“This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat.,and in ccnsequence,help lewer the health-care costs,“Wang and colleagues wrote.31 How can employees help lower the health-care costs?A By taking more restB By eating less.C By exercising a little bit.D By saving more money.32 By encouraging its employees to exercise General Motors could saveA$790,000 per year.B$7.1 million per year.C$3,OOOper yearD$7,300 per year.33 How many workers in General Motors were NOT of normal weight?A S eventy percentB Thirty percent.C Forty-five percentD Twenty-five percent.34 For which group of the workers were the health-care costs the highest?A The employees of normal weight.B The overweight employeesC The obese employees.D The sedentary obese employees.35 How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?A At least seven days a week.B At least twenty minutes a week.C At least twice a weekD At least once a week第一篇-J-*zfttjMedical EducationI n 18th.century colonial America,those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional schools of L ondon,Parisand Edinburgh.Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the U niversity of Pennsylvania,beginning in 1765,and in 1767 at Kings College(now Columbia U niversity),the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine.Following the American Revolution,the Columbia medical faculty(formerly of KingS College)was combined with the College of Physicians and S urgeons,chartered in 1809,which survives as a division of Columbia U niversity.I n 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical S chool required all applicants to have a college degree and was the first to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital.The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions of learning went together with the development of proprietary(私营 的)schools of medicine run for personal profit,most of which had 10W standards and poor facilities I n 1910 Abraham Flexner,the American education reformer,wrote Medical Education in the U nited S tates and Canada,exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools S ubsequently the American Medical Association(AMA)and the Association of American Medical Colleges(AAMC)laid down standards for course content,qualifications of teachers,laboratory facilities,connection with teaching hospitals,and licensing of medical practitioners(开业医师)that survive to this day.By the late 1980s the U S and Canada had 142 4.year medical colleges recognized bv the L iaison(联络 1 Committee on Medical Education to offer che M.D.degree；during the 1987-88 academic year,47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11,752 men and 5,958 women were graduated.Graduates,after a year of internship(实习期)，receive licenses to practice if they pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners36 I n 18th-century America,higher institutions of learning that taught medicineA did not exist.B were few in number.C were better than those in Europe.D were known for their teaching hospitals.37 I nitially most proprietary schools of medicine in AmericaA had established professionals.B had good facilities.C had high standards.D were in poor conditions.38 The AMA and AAMC established standards S O as tOA recruit more studentsB set up more schools of medicineC ensure the quality of medical teaching and practice.D prevent medical schools from making huge profits.39 After a year of internship medical graduates can start to practiceA if they have worked in a laboratory.B if they have studied abroad for some timeC if they have obtained an M.D degree.D if they have passed an examination40 This passage is mainly aboutA how medicine is taught in America.B how medical education has developed in AmericaC how the American educational system works.D how one can become a good doctor.-zfttjMore Than a Ride to S choolThe National Education Association claims,“The school bus is a mirror of the community“They further add that,unfortunately,what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community.They are right-sometimes it reflects more!Just ask L iesl Denson.Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for L iesl.Bruce Hardy,school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been L iesT s bus driver since kindergarten L ast year when L iesls family moved to Parkesburg,knowing her bus went by her new residence,she requested to ride the same bus.This year L iesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus.S he says,I t s been a great ride so far!My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener.S ometimes when you re a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important.Mr.Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important.Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975.This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company.L arry Althouse,president of the company acknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record：You do not come by employees like Brute these days.He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania S chool Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles Hardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the studentsthat ride his busAlthouse further adds,Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since.My grandfather started the business with one bus.Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come”Three generotions of business is not all the company has enjoyed.Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy,they have been building relationships through generations.L iesls mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardys bus to the Oct or ar a S choolDistrict.41 The wordmirrorin the first line could be best replaced byA vehicle”B device”C needD reflection”.42 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus CompanyA for 30 years.B for70 yearsC since last year.D since 2000.43 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?A He is popular with his passengers.B He has never missed a day of work.C He is an impatient person.D He has driven 350,000 accident free miles.44 Althouse Bus Company was founded byA L arry Althouse.B Althouse，S grandfather.C L iesT S motheLD Ashley Batista.45 Althouse Bus Company pays much attention toA employing young drivers.B running quality schools.C providing free driving lessons.D building sound relationships.第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文 字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Every Dog Has I ts S ayKimiko Fukuda,a Japanese girl,always wondered what her dog was trying to say Whenever she put on makeup,it would pull at her sleeve(46)When the dog barks,she glances at a small electronic gadget(装置).The following，/human，/translation appears on its screen：”Please take me with you.I realized that s how he was feeling,“said Fukuda.The gadget is called Bowlingual,and it translates dog barks into feelings.People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the worlds first dog-human translation machine in 2002.But 300,000 Japanese dog owners bought it.(47)“Nobody else had thought about it,“said Ma