高考总复习英语 第一部分 语言基础知识 Unit1 Friendship.pdf

高考总复习 英语 第一部分 必修一 Unitl Friendship 第一部分语言基础知识必修一 Unit 1 Friendship第1课时基础梳理导学练I Part|1话题诵练个人情况(Personal information)素材示例(2014新课标全国卷H)一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”。请根据下 列要点和你的畅想完成短文。1.家庭;2.工作；3.业余生活。注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好。I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.佳作播报I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.!would like to give an excellent picture of my future life in ten years.To begin with,I will make.-every effort to take good care of my family,especially my aged grandfather because he has devoted most of his life to bringing up two generations.Where work is concerned,I am determined to become a film-maker.In that case,I shall direct many good movies for the audience.During.holiday-seasons,I will live in the,1.countryside,where.air is fresh and people,are friendly4will enjoy so many interesting activities,such as fishing,swimming and visiting old friends.S uch will be my future life,one I have been dreaming of.I.按要求完成或翻译下列句子1.这本书很好地描绘了当今中国的生活。(give an excellent picture of)2.竭尽全力，做最好的自己，相信自己一定能行。（完成句子）to do your best,and believe you can do it.3.将句改为独立主格结构4.将句改为“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句5.这就是我的家乡，一个美丽、富饶的城市。（such放于句首的倒装句）答案 l.This book gives an excellent picture of life in China nowadays.2.Make every effort3.Work concerned I am determined to become a film maker.4.During holiday seasons,I will live in the countryside,in which air is fresh and people are friendly.5.S uch is my hometown,a beautiful and rich city.n.写作句式练(用“主谓”结构完成下列句子)句型公式：主语+谓语1.为了身体健康，我们应该定期锻炼。In order to keep fit,.2.每天我们英语老师都从早上工作到晚上。Every day3.师生在新的环境中愉快地生活并努力地工作着。In the new environment4.他大约是昨天上午十点到达这里的。at about ten oclock yesterday morning.答案 l.we should exercise regularly2.our English teacher works from morning till night3.teachers and students are living happily and working hard4.He arrived herem.话题词汇句型再积累1.achieve v.实现2.optimistic adj.乐观的3.positive积极的4.intelligent adj.有智力的5.frank。力.坦诚的6.dream of.梦想e true 实现8.feel proud of 为.感到自豪9.1 am self-confident and optimistic.When it comes to work,I always get the job done,for Id like to be thought of as someone who can be trusted.我是个自信又乐观的人。在工作方面，我一向能贯彻使命。因为，我喜欢被当作是一个 可以信赖的人。10.As for my personality,I think Im very honest and have a strong sense of responsibility.性格方面，我觉得自己是一个坦诚和富有责任心的人。|Part|2单元目标|点点落实，胸有成竹I.核心单词1.（）（使）担忧；涉及；关系到（八.）担心；关注；（利害）关系*（。的.）担心的；忧虑的一*（prep.）关于,涉及2.整个的；完全的；全部的一Q加.）完全地；全然地；整个地3.（。.）定居；安排一*（九）定居点；解决4.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的；（.）使不安；使心烦5.（vt.&5.）（使）平静；（使）镇定；（。力.）平静的；镇静的；沉着的6.（vi.&.）捆扎；包装；打行李；（九）小包；包裹7.（。.）遭受；忍受；经历一（九）折磨；苦难8.（o.）痊愈；恢复；重新获得-（九）恢复；复苏9.（况.）不同意一（反义词）同意一*（九）同意；协议10.（adj.）松的f（8.）放松答案 1.concern；concerned；concerning 2.entire；entirely 3.settle；settlement 4.upset5.calm 6.pack7.suffer；suffering 8.recover；recovery 9.disagree；agree；agreement lO.loose；loosen 语境词，集中识记Exactly speaking,he and his partners felt I（心烦的）and hadnt recovered entirelyfrom the 2（苦难）caused by the powerful mudslides in Zhouqu.We shouldnt3（忽略）their feelings.We should give them more concern and help them make a good4（安置,定居）.答案 1.upset 2.sufferings 3.ignore 4.settlementII.重点短语1.合计 _2.（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 3.关心；挂念4.一连串的；一系列；一套5.遭受；患病6.go through 7.set down _8.on purpose 9.get/be tired of 10.get along with 11.fall in love 12.join in _答案 l.add up 2.cahn（）down 3.be concerned about 4.a series of 5.suffer from 6.经历；经受7.记下，放下；登记8.故意9.对厌烦10.与相处；进展11.相爱；爱上12.参加；加入高频痕谓，谓境运用1.After the dinner the host the remains on the table.2.Do be careful!There has been traffic accidents at the crossing thismonth.3.Wilson Company is a shortage of skilled staff.4.The boy student makes a face during the class to attract the girlsattention.5.Please my name and address so that we can keep in touch with eachother.答案 1.packed up 2.a series of 3.suffering from4.on purpose 5.set downIII.经典句式句法1.强调句（itis.that.）”正是.”I wonder if（正是因为）1 havent been able to be outdoors for so long Ivegrown so crazy about everything to do with nature.2.It was the first time that.这是第一次.（那是一年半以来第一次）Id seen the night face to face.3.find+形式宾语it+形容词+不定式”觉得做某事是的”Although I try to talk to my classmatesI still（发现很难与他们成为 好朋友）.4.直接引语与间接引语安妮说她不愿意在日记中记流水账。I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary,said Anne.（变成间接引语）姐姐问安妮她给她的日记起了什么名字。u What do you call your diary?Annes sister asked her.（变成间接弓|语）老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳运转，月亮围绕地球运转。“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.the teacher told us.（变成间接引语）答案 l.its because；that2.It was the first time in a year and a half that3.find it hard to make good friends with them4.Anne said(that)she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.Annes sister asked her what she called her diary.The teacher told us(that)the earth moves around the sun and that the moon moves around the earth.句一句法，写提高1.他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。(强调句)2.这个短语已经第三次出现在我们的练习中，所以我们一定要掌握它。(it is the.time that.)3.我感到每天记一些单词很重要。(find+it+a0.)4.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。(whether/if)5.我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更有趣。(宾语从句)6.他说他们那时还在开会。(间接引语)答案 l.It was the goats eyes that he had seen in the darkness.2.Its the third time that the phrase has appeared in our exercises so we must master it.3.I find it very important to keep some new words in mind every day.4.I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many years.5.Ive been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.6.He said that they were having a meeting at that time.第2课时考点突破诵研练I Part|1考点突破|夯基固本，步步为“赢”词汇研析add%增加（l）addup将.相加，合计add to增加了add up to总共，合计（2）addition n.增加；附加物；加法in addition（to sb/slh）除.之外（还有）The house has been added to from time to time.这栋房子曾经一再地扩建。The snowstorm our difficulties,but it didnt defeat us.暴风雪增加了我们的困难，但它没能把我们打垮。His whole school education no more than one year.他所受的学校教育加起来只有一年。答案 added to added up tocalm忧&4（使）平静；（使）镇定2浜平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm（sb）down（使某人）平静、镇静下来stay/keep/be calm 保持镇静He remained calm in facing the danger.calm（天气、水面）风平浪静；（人）镇定自如quiet“宁静，安静，寂静”，侧重没有响声、噪音或动静；指人时侧重性格温和、文静silent沉默的，不发言的，不说话的still指人时侧重一动不动；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动面对危险，他保持镇静。Try to keep and just tell me what happened.尽力保持镇静，告诉我发生了什么。Wu Bin,the most beautiful driver in Hangzhou,when he was injured seriously.杭州最美司机吴斌在严重受伤的情况下仍然保持镇静。答案 calm could stay calmconcern n.关心；涉及，(使)担心/关心(l)concem oneself about/for 对.表 示关心be concerned about/for 担心.;关心.be concerned with 与.有关；涉及(2)as/so far as.be concerned就.而言；依.之见S cientists are concerned about the volcano rabbits populations.科学家对火山兔的数量感到担忧。It is love and that have brought about the great changes.是爱和关心带来了 这巨大的变化。用concern的适当形式填空Our parents are about our health and future.As far as Im,we should talkwith our parents and tell them our.答案(Dconcem concerned；concerned；concernssettled.安家；定居；停留；以使定居；安排；解决(l)settle down定居；过安定生活；(使)安静下来settle down to sth(=get down to sth)开始认真对待某事;定下心来做某事settle up结账；了结(某事)(2)settlement n.协议；定居点The two boys settled their quarrel in a friendly way.那两个男孩以友好的方式解决了纷争。Its time that you your differences with your father.现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。Its eleven oclock now,but she cannot work.现在都十一点了，但是她还不能安下心来工作。答案 settled settle down tosuffer以&历.遭受；忍受；经历suffer。力遭受，蒙受，其后常接 pain,loss,defeat,poverty,hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语。(2)suffer5.后常接from,表示“受.折磨，受.之苦，患某种疾病”。buffering.U(身体、精神上的)痛苦；苦恼C苦难的经历；让人痛苦的事(2013陕西高考)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,she lost none of her enthusiasm for life.罗斯玛丽虽然多年患一种严重的病，但是她丝毫没有失去 对生活的热情。His leg was badly injured and he.他一条腿受了伤，非常疼。Her health overwork.她的健康因过度工作而受损。答案 suffered great pain suffered fromgo through经历，经受；检查；完成；通过Most families went through a lot during the war.大多数家庭在战争中经受了许多苦难。He has gone through the examination.他已通过考试。观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义The plan went through,which made us all happy.This year we have gone through too many natural disasters such as earthquakes,floods and mudslides.The doctor will go through the operation soon.I always start the day by going through my mail._I went through a lot of money during my trip.答案通过经历；遭受完成检查；审查花完；用掉set down写下；记下；放下set about doing 着手干set aside留出;拨出（时间，金钱等）set back推迟；延缓；阻碍set off动身；激起；引起；使爆炸；使爆发set out动身;开始干（to do）S he set the baby down,rested for a while,and then set down what she had experienced.她放下孩子，休息了一会，然后记下她所经历的事。I wanted to_my feelings on paper.我想在纸上记下我的感受。The standards were by the governing body.标准是由主管部门制定的。答案set；down set down句式探究while/iwhen+.省略句式（教材原句）While walking the dog you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。句中 While walking the dog 是一个省略句，补全后为：While you were walking the dog。省略句的条件when,while,before,after,unless,as if 等引 导的状 语从句的主语与主句主语一致或it在从句中作主语状语从句谓语中含有be动词省略句的形式省略从句中的主语和be动词In other words,we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.换句话说，当我们利用地球提供的自然资源的时候，我们应该保持地球的健康。He wont come unless invited.除非受到邀请，他才肯来。(DWhenever,they would stop him and ask him the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。Film has a much shorter history,especially when such art forms as music andpainting.电影的历史较短，尤其当它跟像音乐与绘画这种艺术形式相比的时候。答案(it is)possible(it is)compared to强调句型(教材原句)1 wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。基本句式It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分一般疑问句IsAVas it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分特殊疑问句疑问词+is/was it+that+其他部分（若放于宾语从句位置应使用陈述语序）not.until.句型的强调句It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分In a word,that will make your life become more convenient.总之，礼貌用语会使你的生活更方便。the area was seriously polluted that they realized that it was high timeto take action to stop pollution.直到这个地方被严重污染了他们才认识到该采取行动阻止污染了。答案 it is polite words It was not until这/那是第一/二/最后一次(教材原句)The dark,rainy evening,the wind,the thundering clouds held me entirely in theirpower；it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是我一年半以来第一 次目睹夜晚.(l)It is/was/will be the first/second/.time that.”某人第一/二/.次做某事“。(2)当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一 般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。It will be the first time that I have eaten so much.这将是我第一次吃这么多。用所给词的适当形式填空That was the fourth time(that)she(ring)you in a week.那是她一周内第四次给你打电话。This is the tenth time(that)I(visit)Jinan.这是我第十次参观济南。答案had rung have visited|Part|2考点精练|各个击破，走近高考I.用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空entirely；upset；ignore；concern；grateful；settle down；on purpose；get along with；go through；add up to1.How much money I earn is none of your.2.S he was very to hear that she failed in the exam again.3.I said hello to her,but she me completely and walked on!4.The big earthquake that happened in%an destroyed the city.5.I am_to you for your great help.6.The old lady two world wars.7.Did he break it accidentally?一No.He did it.8.The money she spends on clothes a month 1,000 yuan.9.How is he his new classmates?10.He has in America for 20 years after he moved there in 1994.答案 1.concern 2.upset 3.ignored 4.entirely5.grateful 6.went through 7.on purpose 8.adds up to 9.getting along with lO.settleddown11.语法填空（用括号内所给词的适当形式填空）1.There is no sense(upset)yourself about it now.Look forward and everything will be all right.2.By(ignore)we mistake,and by mistakes we learn.3.I was very nervous because it was the first time that I(invite)to an opening banquet.4.(suffer)such a heavy loss,the boss didnt have the courage to go on with his business.5.The train will stop at the next station(set)down many passengers.6.Part-time English classes are offered.In(add),students can take classes in word-processing and computing.7.The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers(leave).8.There are some health problems that,when(not treat)in time,can become bigger ones later on.9.All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to(receive)in time for Christmas.10.He spoke(calm)to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless.答案 1.upsetting 2.ignorance 3.had been invited 4.Having suffered 5.to set6.addition 7.were leaving 8.not treated 9.be received lO.calmlyIII.完成或翻译下列句子1.I with my English writing now.现在对于英语写作我仍有很多困难。2.give me some advice.如果你能给我提些建议，我会感激的。3.Its years since John Alice.约翰和艾丽斯相恋多年了。4.他们邀请他们的老师参加了聚会。答案 l.am still having much trouble(difficulty)2.I would be grateful if you could3.fell in love with4.They invited their teachers to join in the party.IV.话题微写作 翻译下列句子，然后组成一篇80词左右的短文。1.这是我第一次去北京。(.the first time.)2.游览长城时我正好遇到了李华。(happen to)3.我发现他很容易相处。(find it easy)4.跟他一起游览、聊天、吃饭等真的很愉快。(pleasure)5.直到那时我才真正意识到朋友的价值。(notuntil)【参考范文】Last year I packed up my things and went to Beijing.lt was the first time that I had been there.One day,while visiting the Great Wall,I happened to meet Li Hua.I found it easy to get along with him.It was a great pleasure to be together with him visiting,chatting and having dinner and so on.Not until then did I really realize the value of friends.第3课时增分策畛揍写练I Part|1完形填空|话题：拥有自信，享受人生I.完形填空（2014江苏卷）Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 1 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at S tate Teachers College in Warrensburg.To get an 2 he was struggling against many difficulties.His family was poor.His Dad couldnt afford the 3 at college,so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.S tudy had to be done 4 his farm-work routines.He withdrew from many school activities 5 he didnt have the time or the 6.He had only one good suit.He tried 7 the football team,but the coach turned him down for being too 8.During this period Dale was slowly 9 an inferiority complex（自卑感），which his mother knew could 10 him from achieving his real potential.S he 11 that Dale join the debating team,believing that 12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mothers advice,tried desperately and after several attempts 13 made it.This proved to be a 14 point in his life.S peaking before groups did help him gain the 15heneeded.By the time Dale was a senior,he had won every top honor in 16.Now other studentswere coming to him for coaching and they,17,were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 18 his feelings of inferiority,Dale came to understand that the ability to 19 an idea to an audience builds a persons confidence.And,20 it.Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to doand so could others.【解题导语】本文讲述了一个人如何克服困难，获得信心的成长经历。男孩小时候家 里很穷，家里只能支付他的学费而无力支付他参与学校社团活动所需的费用。后来参加足球 队，因为体重太轻被拒绝，因此失去了自信心。但妈妈意识到自卑感会阻碍孩子潜能的发挥，于是建议他参加演讲和辩论，男孩最终拥有了自信，获得了美好的人生。1.A.admitted B.filledC.supplied D.recognized答案 D 词语辨析题。句意：在1906年，Dale首次意识到这个需求。recognize意识 到，符合语境。admit承认，准许进入；E11填满；supply提供。2.A.assignment B.educationC.advantage D.instruction答案B 逻辑推理题。下文都是关于Dale大学及上课的相关信息，故选education。3.A.training B.boardC.teaching D.equipment答案B 词语辨析题。后半句提到结果他必须每天骑马去上学，由此推断他父亲支付 不起住宿(board)的费用。4.A.between B.duringC.over D.through答案 A 逻辑推理题。此处表达他必须在农场工作间隙来学习。between在之间，符合语境。5.A.while B.whenC.because D.though答案C 逻辑推理题。没有时间和不参加学校活动之间是因果关系，故选because。6.A.permits B.interestC.talent D.clothes答案 D 词汇复现题。clothes与下句的suit同义。7.A.on B.forC.in D.with答案B 词语搭配题。try for争取加入，试图获得，他试图加入足球队。8.A.light B.flexibleC.optimistic D.outgoing答案 A 词语辨析题。教练拒绝了他加入足球队的申请肯定是因为自身条件不好，只有A符合语境。light轻的，在此指体重。9.A.gaining B.achievingC.developing D.obtaining答案C 词语辨析题。自卑感是一个慢慢形