高中英语知识点总结版.pdf

英语超重点学习营 课前资料目录：一、重点单词二、重点词组三、高级词汇四、词组固定搭配五、高级句型结构六、过去完成时概念七、阅读理解解题指导一、重点单词1.able 用法：be able to doNote:反义词unable表示不能,而disabled表示残疾的。be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能 做到的事。2.abroad用法：表示到(在)国外，是一 个副词，前面不加介词。Note:可以说from abroad,表示从国外回 来。3.admit用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上Note:表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭 配。4.advise 用法：advise sb.to do;advise doingNote:后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb.(should)do 的形式。5.afford用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使 用。Note:前面需要有be able to或can等 词。6.after用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be动名词形式。after 表示追寻。a decision/conclusion.Note:用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，Note:与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。而in接一个时间段，如：after 3如：W ork hard,and you,1 1 succeedo clock;in 3 days.sooner or later.7.agree用法：与介词on,to,with及动1 2.another用法：表示又一个，泛指，相词不定式搭配。当于one more的含义。Note:agree on 表示达成一致；agree toNote:不能直接加复数名词，需要与一个数表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的词搭配，如：another 2 weeks.话。1 3.answer用法：及物动词，但在作名词时8.alive用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能要与介词to搭配。作表语，不能作定语。Note:可以表示接电话、应门等。如：Note:可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：answer the phone/door.bury sb.alive.1 4.anxious 用法：be anxious9.allow 用法：allow doing;allow sb.for/about/to doto doNote:be anxious about 表示担心；beNote:可以表示允许进入，如：Pleaseanxious for表示盼望得到。allow me in.1 5.appear用法：不及物动词，没有宾语，1 0.among用法：用在三者或三者以上的群没有被动语态。体中。Note:还可以作为系动词，与seem同义，Note:还可以表示其中之一，如：He is表示看起来。among the best.1 6.arrive用法：arrive at表示到一个小1 1.and用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句地方；arrive in表示到一个大地方。子或其他相同结构。Note:引申含义表示得出，如：arrive atso/not的形式。1 7.ask 用法：ask to do;ask sb.to do;Note:because表示直接原因，因此只有用ask for它才可以回答why的特殊疑问句及用在强调Note:后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：句中。ask that sb.(should)do 的形式。23.become用法：系动词，表示变得。1 8.asleep用法：表语性形容词，在句中只可以由好变坏或由坏变好。能作表语，不能作定语。Note:become of sb.表示某人发生了什么Note:通常与动词be及fall搭配；sound事情。asleep表示熟睡。24.before 用法：before long,long1 9.attend用法：表示参加，后面经常加上before,the day before yesterday,themeeting,lecture,conference,class,week/year before last 上上周/前年school,wedding,funeral 等词；也可以Note:It be+段时间before在该句型表示照顾，照料。中，主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时Note:attend to可以表示处理、照料等。75 o20.attention 用法：pay attention to;25.begin 用法：begin to do;begindraw/catch sb s attentiondoingNote:写通知时的常用语：May I haveNote:当begin本身是进行时的时候，只能your attention,please用 begin to do 的形式。如：It was21.beat用法：表示打败某人，或连续不断beginning to rain.地击打某物。26.believe用法:believe sb.表示相信某Note:heartbeat 表示心跳。人说的话；believe in sb.表示信任；61 2322.because用法：后面接原因状语从句，结构。because of后面接名词。Note:回答问句时通常用I believe27.besides用法：表示除.之外还有，包含在一个整体之中。Note:还可以用作副词，表示此外，要用逗 号隔开。28.beyond用法：表示越过、在另一边，如：beyond the wood/bridge.Note:可以用于引申含义，表示超出，如：beyond control/power/description.29.bit用法：与a little 一样可以修饰不 可数名词，形容词或副词。Note:修饰名词时要用a bit of；not a bit表示一点也不。30.blame 用法：take/bear the blame;blame sth.on.sb.Note:表示应受到责怪时不用被动语态，如：He is to blame.31.blow 用法：blow down/awayNote:表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.32.boil用法：boiling表示沸腾的;boiled表示煮过的。Note:boiling point可以表示沸点。33.borrow 用法：borrow 表示借入：lend 表示借出。Note:点动词，不能表示借的时间长短。34.breath 用法：hold one s breath;out of breath;save one s breath Note:take a breath 表示深吸一口气；take breath 表示喘 口气。35.burn 用法：burn down/up/one*s hand Note:burning表示点着的；burnt表示烧 坏的。36.business 用法：on business 表示出 差；in/out of business 表示开/关张。Note:表示商业时不可数，表示具体的行业 时可数。37.busy 用法：be busy with/doing.Note:不能说 My work is busy.应说 I am busy with my work.38.buy 用法：buy sth.for 5 dollars;buy sth.for sb.Note:点动词，不能表示买的时间长短。39.but 用法：notbut.but for next but one,have no choice bu to do sth.,all but几乎，差一点Note:do nothing but do sth.nothing 前有do,后面的to要省略。Not only but also引导的并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/choose but do sth.不能 不，只能40.by 用法：by accident,by air/sea/train,by and by,by far,by force,by mistake,by chance,by the way Note:by way of 取道，经由。by reason of由于。by引导的时间状语一般句子用完 成时态。41.care 用法：take care of;with care;care for/aboutNote:care about表示在乎，常用于否定 句；care for表示关心，喜爱，常用于肯 定句。42.carry 用法：carry 表示搬运；carry on表示进行；坚持下去；cariry out表示执 行。Note:ca门ry没有方向性，可以表示随身携 带。43.case 用法：in case;in case of;in any case;in this/that caseNote:in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟44.catch 用法：catch the thief;catch fire;catch a cold;catch up with Note:be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.45.cattle用法：集合名词，动词要用复数 形式。如：C attle are raised here.Note:一头牛可以用 a head of cattle.注意十头牛用ten head of cattle。46.chance 用法：by chance;take a chance;there is a chance that,e Note:在chance后面可以用动词不定式或 者of的结构作定语。47.change 用法：change A for B 表示用 A 换成B；change A into B表示把A变成BoNote:表示变化时是可数名词，表示零钱时 不可数。48.class用法：集合名词，谓语动词单复 数由其表示的意思决定。Note:in class 表示在上课，in the class表示在班上。49.close用法：动词表示关闭；形容词表语气，即in case sb.should do的形式。示亲密的；副词表示靠近。Note:close作副词时表示距离上的靠近，而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。50.clothes用法：复数名词，谓语动词用 复数，不能加不定冠词。Note:要用few或many来修饰。51.buy 用法：buy sth.for 5 dollars;buy sth.for sb.Note:点动词，不能表示买的时间长短。52.but 用法：notbut.but for next but one,have no choice bu to do sth.,all but几乎，差一点Note:do nothing but do sth.nothing 前有do,后面的to要省略。Not only-but also引导的并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/choose but do sth.不能 不，只能53.by 用法：by accident,by air/sea/train,by and by,by far,by force,by mistake,by chance,by the wayNote:by way of 取道，经由。by reason of由于。by引导的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。54.call 用法：call for/up/back/in/,call on sb.to do sth.,pay/make a call on sb.give sb.a call,on callNote:call at后面跟地点；call on 后面 跟人。55.care 用法：take care of;with care;care for/aboutNote:care about表示在乎，常用于否定 句；care for表示关心，喜爱，常用于肯 定句。56.carry 用法：carry 表示搬运；carry on表示进行；坚持下去；carry out表示执 行。Note:carry没有方向性，可以表示随身携 带。57.case 用法：in case;in case of;in any case;in this/that caseNote:in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟 语气，即 in case sb.should do 的形式。58.catch 用法：catch the thief;catch fire;catch a cold;catch up with,catch sb.doing sth.Note:be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught in the rain.59.cattle用法：集合名词，动词要用复 数形式。如：C attle are raised here.Note:一头牛可以用 a head of cattle.注意十头牛用ten head of cattle。60.chance 用法：by chance;take a chance;there is a chance that Note:在chance后面可以用动词不定式或 者of的结构作定语。61.change 用法：change A for B 表示用 A换成B；change A into B表示把A变成BoNote:表示变化时是可数名词，表示零钱时 不可数。62.charge 用法：charge sb.with(doing)sth.that,charge sb.to do sth.charge sb.for$Note:in charge of 负责；in the charge of由某人负责(表示的是被动的)。63.class用法：集合名词，谓语动词单复 数由其表示的意思决定。Note:in class 表示在上课，in the class表示在班上。64.clear 用法：clear away,clear off,make clear,it is clear that,Note:clear up及物时表示“澄清，整 理，收拾”；不及物表示“晴朗起来，开朗 起来”。65.close用法：动词表示关闭；形容词表 示亲密的；副词表示靠近。Note:close作副词时表示距离上的靠近，而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。66.clothes用法：复数名词，谓语动词用 复数，不能加不定冠词。Note:要用few或many来修饰。67.collect 用法：collect stamps;collect one s child from school Note:a collect phone表示对方付费的电 话。e用法：表示到说话者所处的地方 来。常见短语有：come to,come about,come across,come out,come to an end,come down,come up,come into being/exist/force/effect 等。Note:可用作系动词，表示变成，如：His dreams came mon用法：表示普遍性，如：Smith is a common name.Note:common sense 表示常识；in common 表示共同点。pare 用法：comparewith表示 把 与 作比较；compareto表示 把 比作.。Note:用作状语时，二者都可以表示比较，如：C ompared with/to other women,she was very lucky.71.consider 用法：consider doing sth./what to do/that.,consider sb.sth.61 23 结构Note:该词直接跟宾语用动名词但可以用不 定式作宾补；considering引导短语作状 语，表示“考虑到”72.condition用法：表示生活、工作等的 条件或状况。Note:on condition that 表示只要，条件 状语从句。73.content 用法：be content with/to doNote:表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。74.cost 用法：sth.cost sb.some money,只能用物作主语。Note:修饰cost要用副词high或low.75.cover 用法：be covered with 表示状 态；be covered by 表示动作。Note:反义词uncover表示揭开盖子；discover表示发现。76.cross 用法：cross off 戈掉，cross one s mind,cross out,bear one s cross忍受痛苦Note:作形容词一般用于be cross with sb.二 be angry with sb.77.crowd 用法：be crowded withNote:集合名词，谓语动词单复数由其表示 的意思决定。78.cure 用法：cure sb.of Note:cure强调治愈，表示结果；而 treat知表示动作。79.cut 用法：cut down/up/offNote:作名词时a short cut表示捷径。80.damage 用法：do damage to sb.二 do sb.harmNote:表示损害的时候不可数，复数形式可 以表示赔偿费。81.danger用法：in danger表示处于危 险的境地。Note:表示一般概念时不可数，表示具体危 险时可数。82.dare用法：作为情态动词一般用于否 定句，疑问句或者条件状语从句；作为实意 动词后跟不定式。Note:I dare say that.意为:我猜测，可能，或许。83.dark 用法：before/after dark;in the darkNote:可以表示深色的，如：dark blue.84.deal 用法：a great/good deal of 修 饰不可数名词。Note:作动词时构成短语deal with,常与 副词how搭配。85.defeat用法：及物动词，后面的宾语Note:不能用人作宾语。86.demand 用法：demand to do;demand that，demand of sb.to do sth.Note:后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：demand that sb.(should)do 的形式。87.depend 用法：depend on sb./sth./one s doing sth./to do sth.Note:depend不及物动词，常和on连用。意为“依靠，信赖”88.desert用法：名词表示沙漠；动词表 示抛弃。Note:可以用过去分词作表语或定语，表示 废弃的，如：a deserted house.89.determine 用法：determine to do;determine sb.to doNote:过去分词表示有决心的，可以说be determined to do sth.决心做(表示状 态)90.devote 用法：devote oneself to;be devoted toNote:与devote搭配的to是介词，后面接 名词或动名词。如：His whole life was是国家，队，军队等名词。devoted to teaching.91.die 用法：die of/from/for/out/awayNote:点动词，不与for引起的时间状语连 用。92.difficulty 用法：have difficulty with;have difficulties with sth.;have difficulty in doing sth.;Note:表示一般概念时不可数，表示具体困 难时可数。93.disagree 用法：disagree with sb.Note:disagree虽然在形式上有否定前 缀，但并不是个否定词。注意它的反义问句 形式：He disagreed with you,didn t he94.distance 用法：in the distance;at a distanceNote:可用于引申含义，表示时间上或情感 上的距离。95.divide 用法：divideinto表示 把分成几份。强调分成等份。Note:可以表示除法，如：Nine divided96.do 用法：do away with,do sb.a faour;do up;do with.,do wonders,do sb.wrong=do wrong to sb.Note:主要用作及物动词；不及物时表示“行”：If you have no pen,pencilwill do.97.doubt 用法：doubt sb./sth.,beyond doubt,in doubt,no doubt,without a doubtNote:主句是否定句时宾语用that引导；主句是肯定句时宾语用whether/if引 导。98.downtown用法：副词，前面不加介 词，如：go downtown.Note:可用作定语，如：a downtown street.99.draw 用法：draw a picture/the curtainNote:引申含义表示得出，如：draw a conclusion/lesson.1 00.dream 用法：dream of/about/that*by three is three.W e all agree on the terms.二、重点词组7.agree to do 同意做1.be able to do 能够做My father has agreed to buy me a newAfter paying great efforts,he is ablecomputer.to speak English fluently.8.agree with同意某人（或其想法、观2.be about to do 正要做点、认识等）；与相符As I was about to say,you interruptedI dont agree with you on this point.me.Your story agrees with what I had3.addter4巴.力口.already heard.If you add 5 to 5,you get ten.The climate doesnt agree with me.If the tea is too strong,add some hotThe mussels I had for lunch haven，twater.agreed with me.This adds to our difficulties.The verb agrees its subject in number4.be afraid of 害怕and person.I was afraid of hurting her feelings.9.be angry with 对.生气5.go against 反对He was angry with himself for havingW e dont agree with the proposal,made such a foolish mistake.because it goes against the law.He was angry at being kept waiting.6.agree on 达成一致1 0.be anxious about 对.担心W e agreed on an early start/making aI was anxious about my sons health.early start.1 1.apply for 申请should try your best to help.I have applied to the C onsul for the1 8.go/run away 逃跑visa.Its dangerous!G o/run away1 2.take sth.in one s arms 把 抱在immediately.怀里1 9.beatto death 将.打死She took a bunch of roses in her arms.He was nearly beat to death once after1 3.take up arms 拿起武器he was caught stealing.W e should take up our arms to defend20.go to bed上床休息our motherland.I was so tired that I went to bed1 4.arrive in/at a place 达到某地earlier than before.My brother will arrive in Beijing next21.make the bed 铺床Monday.You are old enough to make the beds byI arrive at the school every morningyourself.at a regular time.22.beg ones pardon请某人再说一遍1 5.ask(sb.)for sth.向(某人)要某物Sorry I didn，t catch it.I beg yourYou shouldn，t ask your parents forpardon.money any more.23.beginwith 以.开始1 6.pay attention to 对 注思The party began with a cheerful song.W hen you write an essay,you have24.believe in 信仰several things to pay attention to.In western countries,many people1 7.be away from 远离.believe in G od.W hen you friend is in trouble,dont25.belong to 属于be away from him/her;instead,youThat Taiwan belongs to C hina should beunquestionable.The engine broke down.26.do ones best尽最大的努力His health broke down after the deathIf you have done your best,thenof his wife.theres nothing to regret.Sugar and starch are broken down in27.had better 最好the stomach.You had better stop smoking.33.break into破门而入28.blow away 吹走His house was broken into last week.The wind blew the heat away.34.break off从中间打断29.take a boat 乘船He broke off in the middle of aI took a boat to go to the island insentence.the center of the lake.Lets break off for an hour and have30.be born 出生some tea.He was born in a wealthy family.The mast broke off.31.break away from从.脱离，断绝关35.break out（指战争、灾难、争吵等）系突然爆发W e won，t say Yes to anyonesA fire broke out during the night.breaking away from our country.The quarrel broke out afresh.C ant you break away from old habits36.break the rules 违反规则32.break down（指计划、打算）破灭;Everyone in the group mustnt break（机器）坏了；（身体状况）变差the rules.Our plans have broken down.37.break up击碎、驱散终止?？结束分Negotiations between the two countries裂?？分开分手放学have broken down.The ship was breaking up on the rocks.The gathering broke up in disorder.The police broke up the crowd.He has built up a good business.38.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸He went on holiday and soon built upHe held his breath and sneaked intohis health.his room.44.burnto the ground 把.夷为平地39.bring down 击落、打倒The Japanese invaders burnt the housesA moment ago,we brought down ato the ground.hostile aircraft.45.burn down 烧光W e should bring down the tyrant.The house was burnt down.40.bring in赚得、赢得（利润）46.burst into laughter.突然爆发大笑His farms bring(him)in$20000 a year.On seeing the amusing scene,she burstThe program brings in a new fashion.into laughter.41.bring on导致 结果47.burst into tears 突然大哭He was out all day in the rain andShe suddenly burst into tears.this brought on a bad cold.48.be busy doing/with sth.忙于做某事The fine weather is bringing the cropsW e are busy preparing for/with theon nicely.exam.The coach is bringing on some49.call at(a place)拜访某地youngsters in the reserve team.I called at the tailors a couple of42.bring up 抚养days ago.She has brought up five children.50.call back 回电话If children are badly brought up theyI will call back later.behave badly.51.call for到某地取东西；接人；要43.build up建立；恢复（身体状况等）求；呼吁another one.A man calls every Monday for oldW ould you care for a game of tablenewspapers.tennisr 1 1 call for you at 6 o clock.56.carry off夺走（生命）；取得（奖励The occasion calls for prompt action.等）People all over the world call forThe terrible war carried off herpeace.father，s life.52.call in 请（医生）Tom carried off all the school prizes.Please call in a doctor at once.57.carry on 进行53.call on拜访某人The discussion carried on after aMy uncle called on me yesterday on hisshort break.way home.58.carry out 实施54.take care of 照顾；负责The plan has to be carried out as soonThe nurse took good care of theas possible.patients.59.catch fire 起火Here,let me take care of the cleaning.This material is easy to catch fire.These are the devices that take careBe careful.of the waste from the factory.60.catch up with 赶上55.care for担心、关心、想I have to study even harder thanMy parents care for my safety when Ibefore in order to catch up with mytravel by myself.peers.The elders should care for the younger61.change for 把.换成generation.The shirt is too big.C an I change for62.changeinto 把.变成I came across this old brooch in aHe changed into his working clothescurio shop.when he began to work.The thought came across my mind that63.change ones mind 改变主意we I persuaded him to change his e back回想起来64.check out核对,检查Their names are all coming back to meW ould you help me to check out thenow.names and e down（指雨）下得很大；（指气He checked out and left the hotel.温）下降65.clear away 收拾，整理The rain came down in bucketfuls.Please help me to clear away the teaThe temperature came down e from 来自66.clear up（指天）晴朗；清理Much of the butter in England comesThe weather/sky is clearing up.from New Z ealand.C lear up the desk befor