初中英语专项练习代词总结大全.docx

1代词语法的基本框架代词可以分为以下七大类1人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them2物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs3反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some5疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever6关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as7不定代词one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either形容词性物主代词的相关短语all ones life 某人一生，终生change ones mind 改变某人的主意lose ones life 某人丧生take ones time 不着急，慢慢来with ones help 在某人的帮助下do/try ones best 尽某人最大的努力lose ones way 某人迷路hold ones breath 某人屏住呼吸make up ones mind 某人下定决心to ones surprise 令某人感到惊讶的是反身代词的相关短语dress oneself自己穿衣服by oneself单独地，独自地keep sth. to oneself保密prove oneself证明自己enjoy oneself玩得愉快hurt oneself伤害自己for oneself为自己，亲自come to oneself 恢复，苏醒lose oneself失去自我help oneself (to)自用（食物等）teach oneself=learn by oneself自学不定代词用法注意点1. one, some与any1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.2. each和everyeach强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.3. none和nono等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。There is no water in the bottle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.4. other和another1) other泛指“另外的，别的”the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”I dont like this shirt, please show me another (one).Some like football, while others like basketball.5. all和both, neither和eitherall表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English.Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher.6. little 几乎没有修饰不可数名词a little 一些 修饰不可数名词few 几乎没有修饰可数名词a few 一些 修饰可数名词7. 复合不定代词复合不定代词的辨析及复合不定代词与形容词的位置关系上。解答不定代词的辨析类试题，首先要分析语境或找出句中的关键词，并明确代词所指代的对象：指代人还是指代物；肯定概念还是否定概念；有没有固定句型。因此考生在复习过程中应掌握复合不定代词的基本用法。2代词在选择题中的运用当选项同为人称代词（I，she, you, he），物主代词(my, his, her, your)或反身代词（himself, herself, myself, yourself）时，根据句子中的提示词或已给出的人称来判断空格处相应的代词。如：能代表第三人称she以及相关形式的提示词有：lady，woman，mother，Miss, Mrs., sister, aunt，Lily, girl等等;能代表第三人称he以及相关形式的提示词有：gentleman, man, father, Mr., brother, uncle, boy等等3代词在正确形式填空题中的运用根据语境判断填人称代词宾格的判断方法：动词后作宾语介词后作宾语。填物主代词的判断方法：空格后有名词填形容词性物主代词；固定短语(try ones best)动词或系动词后填形容词性物主代词。4代词在句子中的运用it的常用句型（1）作形式主语：It is+ adj. +（for sb.） to do sth.对某人来说做某事是怎么样的。It takes/took sb.some time/money to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱。Its+adj.+that从句。如：（2）作形式宾语：常用在动词find, think, make, consider, feel等词后。练一练一、完成句子1.Bothare working at that computer company.我和他都在那家电脑公司上班2.There ison the table. 桌子上有一些美味的东西3.Would you liketo eat?我想要一些吃的4.took me three hoursthis work.完成这项工作花费了我3个小时。5.Its normalthey have different .他们有不同的看法，这很正常。6.It isfor us to. 努力工作对我们来说很重要。7.Do you thinknecessary to learn?你认为学会烹饪很有必要吗？【答案】1.he and I 2. something delicious 3. something4. It to finish5. that views 6.important work hard7. it cooking二、翻译句子1.他的习惯和我的相同。2.请随便吃一些蔬菜。3.外面雨下得很大。4.学英语对我们很重要。5.这得天气和北京的不同。6.我有两把笔，一把是红的，另一把是黑的。7.我还需要三个小时才能完成这项工作。【答案】1.His hobby is different from mine2.Help yourself to some vegetables3.It is raining heavily outside4.It is important for us to learn English5.The wealth here is different from that in Beijing6.I have two pens ， one is red the other is bleak7.I need another three hours to finish the work5代词在语篇中的运用Im Tom. I m from NO.1 middle school. In my school, students are usually interested in sports. Some like running ;1 (一些) like swimming2(其他的) like ball games. But3 (我的) interest is different from4 (他们的). I like reading. There are quite5 (一些) old books on the shelf , but6 (没有) of them is useful to7 (我).I always8 (自学) on the internet. I have three friends in China.9 (都)of them are famous doctors, but10没有 of them has been to Britain. I really want to go to China to meet11 (我的一些朋友)and eat12 (一些不同). I think we will(玩的开心).【答案】1. Some 2 others 3.mine4.theirs 5.a few 6.none7.me 8.teach myself9. All 10.none11.some friends of mine12. something different