七选五解题技巧专题培训课件.ppt

七选五解题技七选五解题技巧巧命题特点：命题特点：1.试题模式：试题模式：给出一篇给出一篇缺少缺少5个句子个句子的文章，对应的文章，对应有有七个选项七个选项，要求，要求根据文章结构、内容根据文章结构、内容，选出正，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该题型在新课标该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采用卷出现以来均采用说明文说明文。2.近三年考查话题：近三年考查话题：年份 2015 2014 2013 话题重建信任培养孩子 技能经营生意 段首段首3.设空特点设空特点 段中段中 段尾段尾 段首段首共共5次，通常是次，通常是主题句主题句，根据段落一致性原则，根据段落一致性原则，通过通过阅读后文可推出主题句阅读后文可推出主题句。段中段中共共12次，通常是次，通常是细节过渡句细节过渡句，可通过，可通过空格前后句子空格前后句子的意思和逻辑关的意思和逻辑关系来确定答案。系来确定答案。段尾段尾共共3次，通常为次，通常为结论性或引出下结论性或引出下文的句子文的句子，可通过，可通过上文或下文上文或下文来确定答案。来确定答案。设空特点及解题策略：设空特点及解题策略：空格空格位置位置题量分布题量分布2015新课标新课标12014新课标新课标12013 新课标新课标12012 新课标新课标1段首段首2102段中段中3432段尾段尾0021解题策略：解题策略：借助语篇的上下文借助语篇的上下文线索线索Context cluesSkill 1:词汇复现词汇复现复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重复重复描述。描述。复现关系，主要是指复现关系，主要是指原词复现原词复现、同义词复现同义词复现、近义词复现近义词复现、反义词复现反义词复现等等。(广州一模）Vacations are important.We need to take time out from work to relax,and just be ourselves._16_ We should all be allowed to leave our jobs behind us at least for a few weeks each year and just have fun.A.With it come many health problems.B.When you finally get home youll be greatly refreshed.C.I challenge each one of you to do the same.D.Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more.E.Life is not all about work,or at least it shouldnt be.F.And only you know how to vacation your way.G.For my next holiday,I will do all the things that I love doing.Eworkjobs Ex.1The scientists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case,they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.1.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.2.G Modern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization.3.3.sicknessessicknessesEdiseasesEx.2On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._ Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.C.Consider a distance education.D.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.However反义词反义词,原词复现原词复现Skill 2:同同范畴词范畴词出现出现同范畴词同范畴词是指是指跟此词汇相关跟此词汇相关或或同一领域的词同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。，达到语义衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下上下文的衔接关系越紧密。你可以文的衔接关系越紧密。你可以在选项中找到在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词与此词汇最接近的词,从而达到快而准。从而达到快而准。(广州一模）Workplace stress is on the rise._17_ These include disease,depression and even death.We all seem to be running from one place to the next,never finding out where we want to go in the first place.I intend to break that trend in the coming days.A.With it come many health problems.B.When you finally get home youll be greatly refreshed.C.I challenge each one of you to do the same.D.Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more.E.Life is not all about work,or at least it shouldnt be.F.And only you know how to vacation your way.G.For my next holiday,I will do all the things that I love doing.AEx.3 Everybody gets stressed time to time.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives.72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.C.Different people feel stress in different ways E.You need to figure out what the problem is.F.And dont forget about your friends.可以相信的人可以相信的人=父母父母+亲戚亲戚+朋友（同范畴）朋友（同范畴）FSkill 3:代词线索代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的用这样的指代指代关系和根据代词的关系和根据代词的单复数单复数差异可以准差异可以准确而快速地解题。确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或或them指代复数名词；指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；指代单数可数名词；that指代指代单单数名词或句子；数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子指代单数名词或句子;these 或或those指代前句的复数名词。指代前句的复数名词。(省适应性考试)Most teens look forward to learning how to drive.36.Fortunately,there are things that you can do to help your teen become more comfortable behind the wheel.A.Teach your teen the rules of the roadB.Everyone should be considerate of others on the roadC.Let your teen finish school he or she gets on the roadD.You should show good driving techniques with exampleE.An empty parking lot is a good place for a new driver to practice.F.This includes things such as heavy traffic,bad weather and freewaysG.However,some of them are nervous about actually getting out on the road.GEx.4 73 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,B.He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.A.Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.C.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.TheyAEx.5 72 .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._73_E.In fact,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.G.Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.GE并列关系并列关系 and,also,as well(as),too,.递进关系：递进关系：besides,further,furthermore,moreover whats more,in addition,to make matters worse转折关系转折关系but,however,yet,unlike,on the contrary,while,instead(of),despite,in spite of,otherwise,nevertheless（然而）（然而）因果关系因果关系：so/therefore,thus,consequently,as a result,对比关系对比关系similarly,similar to,compared with(to),likewise,in the same way,in this way,just like,just as,Skill 4:巧抓巧抓过渡词过渡词，把握文章，把握文章逻辑关系逻辑关系 ，做出最佳选择，做出最佳选择时间顺序时间顺序firstsecondthirdlast/first of all next and thenfinally,for one thingfor another/meanwhile/at the same time,.解释例证关系：解释例证关系：for example,for instance,in fact/as a matter of fact,actually,in other words/that is to say.概括归纳关系概括归纳关系：in short,in brief,generally speaking,in general,to conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,to sum up.Skill 4:巧抓巧抓过渡词过渡词，把握文章，把握文章逻辑关系逻辑关系 ，做出最佳选择，做出最佳选择B.There are three practical note-taking methods.A.You must write your notes on separate paper.C.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it._.Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.CEx.6Ex.7This could be watching TV or listening to music.Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired._ However,coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.A.So,whats a good sleep?B.A bedtime drink can also help.C.Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.代词、同义词/近义词、上下义词/同一范畴词对应关系代词、同义词/近义词、上下义词/同一范畴词对应关系七选五七选五解题技巧解题技巧1.1.词汇复现词汇复现2.2.同畴词同畴词3.3.代词代词1.1.并列关系并列关系2.2.因果关系因果关系3.3.转折关系转折关系4.4.解释关系解释关系关键词法关键词法逻辑关系法逻辑关系法总结归纳答题技巧1.看看标题、副标题标题、副标题预测预测文章文章大意大意2.通通读读全文全文，查看，查看主题句主题句，分析分析结构结构3.看看选项选项，找出和文章相对应的，找出和文章相对应的关键词关键词4.看空前空后内容，分析之间的看空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性逻辑性5.灵活掌握答题灵活掌握答题顺序顺序(先易后难先易后难)6.代入答案，重点代入答案，重点核查核查逻辑关系。逻辑关系。解题步骤：Attention注重实效注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。节，更应该注意文章的布局。注意命题陷阱。注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在文或节选段落中的名字或同样的日期都在文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。注重速度注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。念，不可拖沓。_ The image includes the way you look,the way you act,the way you talk and the way you think.Interestingly,our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.A.Always love yourself.B.Self-image is your own minds picture of C.yourself.D.Dont allow doubts to occur in it.self-imagesSelf-imageimagePractice 当堂训练当堂训练（1）Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way._A.There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.B.Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.C.On the contrary,if you are around people who are happy,their emotional state will be infectious.are aroundSurround（2）_ They give more background and details.They also let you read parts that are important to you and skip the rest.A.Both television and the Internet have many disadvantages.B.Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.C.Newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.TheyNewspapers and magazinesread（3）Passage 6 Psychologists think there may be many reasons why violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies.Firstly,players are actively involved in violence,and may begin to use weapons as second nature._ A.Children are most likely to become addicted to violent videogames.B.At least 12 murders since 1997 have been linked to an addiction with violent video games.C.Secondly,violent games provide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by more killing.FirstlySecondly（4）_ However,the real movie capital is Mumbai,in India.Mumbai used to be known as Bombay,and so the film industry there is called“Bollywood”A.Sometimes they even write the script by hand.B.Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood,in the United States.C.They may even shoot scenes for several films on the same day using the same clothes.However（5）Assignment 1.Finish the exercises on the paper2 金版学案金版学案 P44,45