完形填空专项练习教案及反思.doc

选择型完形填空专项练习教案及反思
羊场学校 刘向华
一．教学目标：
1. 知识与技能目标：
1）初步了解选择型完型填空题的特点。
2）掌握简单有效的解题步骤与技巧，以提高答题效率。
3）通过练习题的训练引导学生思考、归纳、运用，帮助他们熟练并能有效的运用各种解题策略，锻炼逻辑思维及实践操作能力。
2. 情感态度与价值观：
本节课是针对中考的专题训练，目的是帮助学生形成正确的解题思路，掌握有效的解题策略，在教学上贯彻“在做中学，学中做”的策略，让学生在课堂上通过亲身体验解题技巧的形成和运用，得到思维的锻炼。
二．教学重点：
1）掌握完形填空的解题步骤和策略。
2）解题步骤和策略在训练中熟练运用。
三．教学过程
1）向学生介绍完形填空的解题步骤和策略。通常分三步：
1. 略读，最好用1-2分钟的时间略读短文来初步了解短文的大意，此时注意短文的首句和尾句；
2.精读，通过第一步的略读对短文的大意有了初步的了解后，展开逻辑思维，综合考虑，仔细推敲，选出最佳答案。
3.复读，是指通过前两遍的读还有不能确定的题，此时通过多方位的斟酌和推理，仔细权衡，攻破难点。
2）通过具体实例将解题策略应用到实践中:
(一)
Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling   1 . He didn’t know how to find his seat,   2    he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, “Could you help me? I can’t find my seat.” The air hostess showed   3    the seat and told him   4    and fasten the seat belt(系好安全带). She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan’s ears might feel   5  strange, but he didn’t need to   6   it because many people felt   7    that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk around. He could   8    read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would __9__ food and drinks. Allan would enjoy the flight and   10  soon.
( )1.A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus
( )2.A. yet   B. or C. but   D. so
( )3.A. him    B. me    C. her   D. he
( )4.A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D. sit down
( )5.A. a little     B. little    C. a bit of      D. bit
( )6.A worrying    B. be worried C. worry about  D. worry
( )7.A. in   B. for   C. as    D. like
( )8.A. neither   B. either    C. both    D. also
( )9.A hold    B. take C. bring    D. carry
( )10. A. arrive in home B. arrive to home C. get home D. reach at home
短文一讲述了第一次乘飞机的感受，1题句意为Allan第一次乘飞机，故选by air。2题根据文意,  Allan因为找不到座位, 所以他就去问空姐。这里构成因果关系，应用 so引导结果状语从句。3题Allan是男士，故选 him充当show的宾语。4题tell sb. to do sth.意思是“叫某人干某事”，故选to sit down。5题a little修饰形容词表示“有点……”，a bit of 意为“一些”作定语修饰名词。6题 need to后面应接动词原形，并且worry为不接物动词，不能直接接宾语，故选 worry about。7题like that意为“像那样”。8题also用于肯定句中。9题根据文意，空姐拿来食物和饮料给乘客, 故选bring。10题，到家应用get home.
（二）
Mr. Black was a careless professor. He was seriously short-sighted.(近视的) He was always busy 1 about plans, new ideas and so on. And he hardly noticed what was going on 2 him.
One fine day he went out for a walk in the countryside with a book in his hand. As soon as he 3 , he began reading with great attention. He hadn’t gone far 4 he knocked into a big cow and fell down. He lost his 5 , and he thought he had stumbled(绊倒)over a fat women. “Sorry, madam,” he said 6 before looking for his glasses. When he 7 , he realized his mistake.
Then Mr. Black went on his walk on the country road. Soon he read his book again and paid no attention to 8 . Five minutes later, he knocked into something again, losing both his book and glasses. This time he became very angry. He beat the “cow” angrily with his umbrella. Then after finding his glasses, he realized that he had made 9 mistake. A large fat 10 , full of fear ,was running away from him as fast as she could, crying for help at the top of her voice.
( )1. A. to walk B. talking C. thinking D. to think
( )2. A. with B. to C. on D. around
( )3. A. set out B. worked out C. took out D. came out
( )4. A. when B. then C. while D. where
( )5. A. book B. hat C. glasses D. umbrella
( )6. A. happily B. politely C. angrily D. slowly
( )7. A. put on B. put it on C. putting on D. put them on
( )8. A. something else B. nothing else C. anything else D. other anything
( )9. A. other B. again C. the second D. a second
( )10. A. woman B. cow C. man D. bear
短文二是则幽默故事，布莱克先生因为粗心和严重近视，在他一天出去散步时出的笑话。1小题是be busy doing . 2小题是介词around的用法意为：周围的。3小题是set out 与set off同义“出发，动身”。4小题的While引导的状语从句，从句的谓语动词常用延续性的动词，所以这里应用when.6小题虽然布莱克先生被绊倒了，眼镜掉了，在没找到眼镜之前就说了对不起，所以应为politely.7小题用them代替glasses.8小题是形容词修饰不定代词至于其后，anything意为“任何一切”。9小题是冠词用于序数词前表示“再一，又一”。10，根据下文she 所以选woman.
（三）
Tom grows the nicest vegetables and fruits and the most beautiful flowers in the village. Plants grow in Tom’s garden all through the __1__ and they are much __2__.
　 Tom cuts some flowers for his sitting room table, eats some fruits and vegetables， but he __3__ most of them in the market. His vegetables, fruits and flowers are so __4__ and beautiful that Tom can sell them much more __5__ in the market than other villagers.
　　How does Tom grow these beautiful things? He is so __6__ that he just sits under his orange tree with his radio.
　　He __7__ the music all day.
　　That is quite true. Tom __8__ things in spring, summer, autumn and winter. After that he sits with his radio. And everything __9__. It is the music that does the work. Tom knows clearly that music makes the biggest vegetables and the most beautiful flowers. Plants love __10__ as much as people.
( )1. A. week B. month C. season D. year
( )2. A. better B. worse C. less D. later
( )3. A. buys B. sells C. borrows D. lends
( )4. A. dear B. bad C. good D. small
( )5. A. politely B. quickly C. slowly D. carefully
( ) 6. A. angry B. busy C. tired D. lazy
( )7. A. listens to B. hears C. watches D. speaks
( ) 8. A. fills B. plants C. throws D. makes
( )9. A. does B. moves C. grows D. plays
( ) 10.A. work B. rain C. stories D. music
短文三讲述的汤姆花园中水果和蔬菜的生长和销售情况，并说明了懒惰的汤姆为什么能使水果和蔬菜长得好。1题根据下文汤姆春夏秋冬都会在园子里种各种植物，说明园子里一年到头都长着植物，故year为正确选项。2题很明显，汤姆的植物园比村子里其余人的应好得多，故应用比较级better。3题根据文意，汤姆到市场上去应是卖自己种植的花，水果及蔬菜，故选sells。4题这里应选择一个褒义形容词修饰汤姆的蔬菜水果，故只能选good。5题因为蔬菜水果长得好，所以在市场上卖得很快，故quickly为正确选项。7题表示听音乐这一动作应用listen to。8题根据文意，汤姆春夏秋冬在园子里是在种各种植物，故选plant。9题grows在这里表示园子里的一切在不断地生长。10题上文讲到音乐使得园子里的一切又大又美，说明植物也像人一样喜欢音乐，故选music。
（四）
Food is very important. Everyone needs to _1__ well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food, this kind of food is __2__. We begin to get knowledge even __3__ we are very young. Small children are __4__ in everything around them. They learn __5__ while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to __6__ story books, science books …， anything they like. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and __7__ to find out answers. What is the best __8__ to get knowledge? If we learn by ourselves, we will get __9__ knowledge. If we are __10__ getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in the right way, we will learn more and understand better.
（ ）1. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat
（ ）2. A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat
（ ）3. A. until B. when C. after D. so
（ ）4. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. better
（ ）5. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
（ ）6. A. lend B. read C. learn D. write
（ ）7. A. try B. have C. refuse D. wait
（ ）8. A. place B. school C. way D. road
（ ）9. A. little B. few C. many D. the most
（ ）10. A. often B. always C. usually D. sometimes
短文四说明了知识的重要性，介绍了一个人学习知识的过程以及获取知识的最佳途径，是一篇可读性较强的文章。
1题本句承接上文，进一步强调食物的重要性，要有强壮的体魄得吃得好，故选eat。2题根据下文，大脑所需要的食物应为knowledge。3题按常理一个人在小的时候就开始学习了，所以应用when引导这里的时间状语从句。4题小孩对知识的接受主要依靠于他们对事物产生的兴趣，词组be interested in sth 表示“对……感兴趣”，而interesting用来形容令人感兴趣的事物，故选择interested。5题孩子们在耳听眼观的过程中经常会学到一些东西。everything过于绝对化 ，nothing、anything 不合文意，应选 something。6题随着年龄的增长，孩子们开始read各类书籍而不是write，learn在这里搭配不当。7题孩子们在学习过程中发现问题时，由于求知的欲望，应尽力去解决问题，故选择try。8题本段主要就学习方法展开讨论，该句应为总括句，空白处当然应填入ways。9题与后面的方法比起来，作者认为独立自主的学习为最佳方法，最佳方法 当然应使人获得最多的知识，故选择the most。10题be always doing sth 意为“总是干某事”。
四.总结：
答题技巧和方法固然重要，可毕竟不是万能钥匙，要想熟练地驾驭此类题，必须把功夫用在平时，关键在于巩固基础知识，提高阅读能力，增加课外知识，在实践中提高综合运用英语知识的能力。

课后反思：
选择型完形填空是中考非常普遍的一种题型，考查学生语言运用的综合能力，完形填空重点在于学生对语境的理解，即通过上下文来考查学生的语言综合运用能力，既可以考查学生对单词搭配、习惯用法和语法结构的掌握情况，又可以考查学生对语篇的理解和逻辑推理能力。
由于完型填空考查的范围广，难度大，学生稍不慎就会填错，还会导致一步错，接连几步都会犯错的情况。因此大部分学生对此类题有畏惧心理，所以使学生掌握有效的解题方法和策略至关重要。
本节课帮助学生正确认识完形填空并与同学和教师交流归纳解题策略。再通过篇章的解题指导，并将解题技巧灵活运用在训练中，为中考此类题的高效解答作准备。
如果设计的练习题能够深入展开并给学生充足的时间，关注每一层学生的发展，效果会更好。