bo7-unit4-words导学案.doc

完整版)book7 unit4 words导学案
选修7 Unit4 Sharing 词汇导学案
编写：刘付玲 审核：王元涛
预习案
自主学习(参阅课本p97-98），完成下列任务
1. 识记词义与拼写
航空邮件 屋顶 教科书；课本 水桶
杂草 棚屋 矩形；长方形 台；平台；月台；讲台
扫帚 罐；广口瓶 梳子 宇航员；太空人
目录 周年纪念日 公牛 树干 裁缝
fornight remote sniff grill paperwork
tractor click Kenya
2. 注意下列单词的词形变化
donate__________ （n。) voluntary_________ (n.) supply____________ (n。）
economy__________ (adj.） distribute_____________（n。） operate___________（n）
ox （复数） mud （adj。) week (adj）
adjust (n.) interpret (n.口译者) (n。口译，翻译）
privilege (adj.) arrange (n。) politics （adj。)
finance (adj.） security (adj.) clinic (adj.)
3. 注意词形、词义与用法的词汇
toast purchase otherwise distribute
adjust to dry out in need participate in
dry up hear form be dying to
the other day be relevant to
探究案
1。hear from sb。 = receive one’s letter接到…的来信
（from 后接人而不是信件）;“接（信件）”应用动词 receive。
再次收到你的来信太高兴了！How nice to 。
与hear 相关的短语：
hear sb. do sth。 hear sb。 doing sth.
hear sb。/sth. done
hear about / of
They had often heard of / about elephants，but they had never seen one。
他们常常听说过大象,但从来没有看到过
2. be dying for/ to do sth。渴望， 极想， 渴望做某事
I'm dying for a piece of cake。
I am dying to know where you are from。
I'm dying for something to eat。 我极想吃点东西。
She is dying to know where you have been。 她极想知道你去了哪儿。
(1)我极想出国______________________、
(2）他很渴望喝点酒_________________________________
选择填空。
Margaret was so for news of her lost child that she was almost driven mad。
A. sorry B。 thirsty C。 sad D。 careful
归纳总结
be dying to do sth.意为: 。
be dying for sth.渴望得到某物
be dying of （doing) sth.因（做）某事而要死
die off相继死亡
die away消逝；静下来
die out灭绝，废除;绝迹
die down平息;变弱
die for one’s country为国家捐躯
巧学妙记
提到die短语多,病饿冻死of用，
相继死亡off拖，绝种绝迹跟out，
逐渐消失away选，急切渴望常用进行时.
即学即用——用die的相关短语填空
“渴望”的类似说法
be eager/anxious for/ to do sth. be thirsty for sth. 　
desire to do sth。 have a strong desire for sth。
long to do sth./for sth。 starve for sth。
have an urge to do sth.
(1)I a piano。
（2）The deer in the forest are all from disease。
（3）The sound of the music 。
(4)Those species inadaptable to changing conditions may 。
3。 the other day=some days ago 前几天 （通常与过去式连用）
拓展：another day 改天 one day某天（过去时或将来时 )
some day 将来某一天(将来时）
例：I ________ him in the street the other day。 几天前我在街上遇见了他.
I ______ an odd experience the other day。几天前我有一次奇怪的经历。
运用：用上述短语填空.
⑴ You’ll succeed ________________ as long as you work hard.
⑵ Why not write the composition________ ?
⑶ We visited the History Museum _________________.
4.relevant adj。有关的;切题的;重要的
be relevant to 与……有关
relevantly adv。有关地；切题地
irrelevant adj.不相关的；离题地；不重要的
relevance n.关联;贴切;恰当；重要关系;实用性
Eg。 ：What you are saying has no relevance /doesn't have any relevance to the matter in hand。
你现在所说的与正在考虑中的问题毫无关联。
The essay is not relevant to the topic.
这篇文章不切题。
This point is really relevant and we had better move on。
这一点至关重要，我们还是接着谈吧。
“和……有关”的表示方法:
be relevant to.。。与……有关　　　　　 be associated with。。.与……有关
have relevance to 和……有关 be concerned with/in 与…有关
be related to/relate to与…有关 be involved in 与…有牵连/关系
be linked to/ have something to do with
Eg。 :His new book is concerned with Africa.
These two events were related to each other。
They were involved in a long legal wrangle(争论纠纷） over payment.
【即学即用】
(1）他所说的与我们应讨论的毫无关系。
What he says what we should discuss.
（2）我们最好注意一下相关细节。
We’d better pay attention to 。
(3）不要在乎这些不相关的言论。Don’t care about 。
学以致用（单项填空)
Topics for compositions should be ________ to the experiences and interests of the students.
A．concerned B．dependent C．concerning D．relevant
5.adjust vt.＆vi。调整;（使）适合
adjust（oneself) to。.。 适应…… adjust sth to.。.调整某物来适应……
链接 n。 调整；适应；调节；调整；校正
make an adjustment
adjustable adj。
adjusted adj。 调节过的;适应环境的；校正过的
adjuster/adjustor n.调整员；调节器
adjust/adapt (oneself) to sth适应某事(to为介词)
adjust/adapt sth to sth 使…适应…
【例句】
You can adjust the color on the TV by turning this knob.
你可以转动这个旋钮调节电视的色彩。
The body quickly adjusts to changes in temperature。
身体迅速调节以适应气温的变化。
She must learn to adjust herself to student life.
她必须学会适应学生生活。
即学即用
（1）调好闹钟的定时装置。 the setting of the alarm clock.
（2）她把座椅调到适合她小孩的高度.
She the height of her child.
(3）她很快使自己适应了他的生活方式。
She soon his way of life。
(4)她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。
She found it hard to at night.
6。 participate vi.参与；参加
participate in参与;参加= take part in / join in
participate in sth. with sb。同某人参与某事
participation n.参与;参加;分享 participant n。参与者；参加者
eg。 How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games?
有多少国家要参加奥运会?
She actively participates in local politics.
I participate in your sufferings and joys。
我跟你同甘共苦。
【易混辨异】
participate， attend, take part in， join， join （sb。) in
(1）participate正式用语，常与in搭配，意为“参与；参加”。强调与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一种积极的态度参加.
（2)attend一般用于指参加会议，出席典礼或招待会等,也可以指上学听课、听演讲或讲座等。
（3）join 常用词,通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是the army/party/team/club等。
(4）join in 参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词,可用于join in (doing） sth。/join sb.in (doing) sth.结构中.
（5）take part in 指参加群众性的活动，侧重说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词。如:take (an active) part in school/activities.
即学即用—-用participate的适当形式填空
(1)She didn’t in the discussion.
(2)We want more in the decision—making。
（3)All the in the debate will have an opportunity to speak。
(4）Details of the competition are available at all stores.
7。dry up （河流，湖泊等)干枯；弄干、晒干、变干; 供应、思路) 枯竭
dry out（使浸水等之物）完全变干；干透
(1) During the drought， the river dried up.
（2) The writer's long separation from social dried up his imagination。
完成下列句子。
⑴ ________ the wet clothes in the sun。
⑵ During the drought，the river__________ .
⑶ The paint should _______________ by this time tomorrow。
8。otherwise conj。否则；不然 adv。用别的方法；其他方面
Shut the window，otherwise it'll get cold in the room here.
把窗户关好,不然屋子里就太冷了。
He says it's genuine,but we think otherwise。
他说这是真的,但我们不这样认为.
The soup was cold,but it was otherwise an excellent meal。
除了汤是凉的以外,那顿饭菜是很好的。
(1)otherwise可以引导含蓄虚拟语气。(相当于if 从句）
例：I was ill that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.
otherwise 相当于if I hadn’t been ill that day，
练习：We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time , otherwise we____________________ you a hand 。 (give)
We didn't know his telephone number；otherwise we_______________ him 。( telephone )
我们不知道他的电话号码，不然我们就会给他打电话了。
Seize the chance,otherwise/or you will regret it。

（2）otherwise用作副词,位置可以前置、后置或居中.
学以致用（单项填空）
Make sure the gas is turned off after a bath,which would ________ cause danger。
A．somehow B．meanwhile C．otherwise D．Furthermore
(3）祈使句 ， and (or ，otherwise ） + 简单句(常用将来时)
1)Hurry up ， ________ you will be late。
A. and B。 otherwise C. if D. unless
2) Study hard , _______ you will pass the exam 。
A。 and B. or C。 if D。 unless
3) Study hard ， ______ you will not pass the exam .
A. and B. otherwise C. if D。 unless
9. privilege “ 殊荣” ；特权;权利
the privilege of citizenship/ equality 公民权/平等权
【常用结构】：
It is a privilege to do /that 做某事是荣幸的
have the privilege to do /of doing sth = have the right to do sth
“有特权（权利） 干某事" ； 荣幸做某事
Only members have the privilege to use the ground.
It was a privilege to know you 。能认识你真是荣幸之至。
I hope to have the privilege of working with them again。
链接： adj： privileged有特权的； 荣幸的
10. arrangement n。 安排，排列
常用短语:make arrangements for sth为。。作安排
例： The family are making arrangements for the wedding。
vt/vi 安排; 整理；排列__________
注意: arrange for sb.to do sth。 安排某人做某事
例:we will at the airport。 我们将安排一辆车去机场接你。
The children were arranged in lines according to height.

11。donate vt。捐赠；赠送
【常用结构】：
donate sth. to sb/sp.向某人/某地捐赠某物
donation n. donator n.
make/give/present a donation to … 向……捐款
send a donation to。.. 把捐款寄至……
She the library。
她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆.
She made a donation of $5,000 to the Children’s Hospital.
她捐了五千美元给儿童医院。
【点津】
donate虽然是及物动词,但常与介词to搭配，且位于直接宾语前的介词to不能省略.类似用法的词还有:introduce （introduce sb.to sb.）;explain （explain sth。to sb.）， report， announce
等。
学以致用(单项填空)
If most breadwinners ________a day's pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hopeful。
A．manage B．donate C．present D．Give
12。voluntary adj。自愿的，无偿的
_____________n.＆ v.志愿者;自愿提供
_____________adv。 自愿地，主动地
volunteer for sth./to do自愿提供某物或做某事
练习填空： ⑴ He volunteered _____the task。
⑵ She is a __________ （volunteer) worker at the hospital。
⑶ He volunteered _________ （look) after the old man。
⑷ He helped his poor friend_________.
13. in need 在困难中，在危急中
be in need of sth 需要 have the need for sth 对…的需要
There is no need for sth。 不需要某物
There is no need for sb.to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事
A friend in need is a friend indeed。
患难朋友才是真朋友.
(1) We should help those in need。
(2） 他现在很需要一大笔钱. He now is much money.
She always gives seats to people in need on the bus。她总是在公共汽车上把座位让给有需要的人。
注意：某事需要被做：
14。purchasevt.& n．买；购买；(以某种代价）换得
purchase freedom with blood 以血的代价赢得自由
purchase sth from sb从某人那里购买某物
purchaser购买人 purchasing购买；采购
make a purchase采购 return one's purchase 退货
a good purchase 便宜货 acquire sth by purchase 买得某物
purchase and sale 买卖 purchase price 买价；进货价格
leave sb.to his purchase 让某人自谋生路
live on one's purchase 自谋生计；自找活路
He purchased this stamp from a donator at an auction.
他在拍卖会一个捐赠者手中购得这枚邮票。
It is (我前几天买来的一件东西）．
He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books。

解析:purchase/shop/buy
三者都有“购买”的意思。
（1)purchase正式用词，指大宗购货或购买重要东西。无感情色彩，强调物品的购得。
(2)shop指上街到商店去购买物品.
（3)buy普通日常用词，既可指日常随意购物也可指大的购买。buy可接双宾语，但purchase不可以。
15。distribution n。分配；分发；分布 状态
have a wide distribution
an unfair distribution
the distribution of the magazine 这份杂志的发行量
I need a map showing the population distribution of Canada.

distribute vt.分配；分发；分布
distribute sth.to　　　
distribute sth。among　
The mother candy children.
母亲给孩子们发糖果。
The teacher has his students。老师把教材分发给他的学生。
16. operate
1) vt 操作；开办,经营
经营公司/开办学校/操作机器
2) vi 工作；运转
Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.
The machine doesn't operate smoothly.
3） vi ： 动手术operate on / upon sb/部位
给某人动手术 operate sb on+某部位
［观察］ 阅读下列各句，并观察operate在句中的含义和用法。
1. The machine is not operating properly.
2。 The kettle is operated by electricity。
3. They operate three factories and a huge warehouse.
4。 The doctors decided to operate on her immediately for appendicitis （阑尾炎)。
operation n.运转；操作;工作；作用；生效；手术；经营;管理
come/go into operation　 put/bring into operation
do/perform/carry out an operation
be in operation perform /have an operation on
【链接】：
operating adj。操作的；工作的;经营的；手术的
operative adj.操作的；起作用的；有效的;手术的
operator n。操作员；话务员；手术医生；经营者
填空练习:
1） The system ______________ （已经运行）for six months。
2)The new rules __________ (开始生效)from next week
［小试] 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子.
1。The doctor said that the patient _____________ （必须动手术) at once.
2. The equipment can _____________ （在所有天气条件下运转）.
3。 This is a new model machine _____________ （很容易操作的）.
4. The young man ______________ (经营着两家公司）。
★ She will have to ___________ on for her cancer .
★ He and the other doctors didn't leave until the ________ was over .
★ He will perform an operation ______her for a diseased lung 。

训练案
单词拼写
1、The type of the course is no longer r to today’s social problem。
2、You can’t see through the telescope until it is a to your eyes。
3、Only members have the p to use the ground。
4、The doctors were o on the wounded solider 。
5、Seize the chance , o you will regret it 。
6、He l________ the bag down on the floor .
7。 She had led a life of luxury and_________（特权） .
8。 Everyone in the class is expected to _________(参加) in the discussion。
9. He ________(调整） himself very quickly to the heat of the country.
10. What I need now is the ________（安全)of a happy home.
11。 We have made all the _____________(安排)for the conference。
12. These facts are ___________(有关）to the case。
13. She is not very clever， but ____________(在其他方面 )she's a nice girl.
14. He has great talent, but he has lost his __________（信念)。
把下列句子翻译成英语。
1． 几秒钟后他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。

2． 这个钮是调节音量的.

3． 她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。

4。 我很高兴收到你的来信，而且我已听说了你的意见。

5。 她捐了一大笔钱给慈善机构.
She the charity。
6. 帮助需要帮助的人是一种荣幸.
It is to help the people .
7。 李明经营了两家工厂，他需要动手术。
Li Ming , and he needs .
8.这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。
The money was distributed among schools in the area。
9. 我从一个村民手中买来这座房子,并捐给了学校.
I a villager and the school。
10. 如果我们无限制的使用能源,自然资源终有一天会枯竭。
If we use energy without limit, natural resources will 。

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