外贸函电-Unit-7--packing.ppt

外贸函电 Unit 7 packing bulk commoditiesCommodities nude packed commodities packed commodities shipping/outer packing packing sales/inner/small packing nBag nSacknCartonnCasenBoxnCratenDrumnBalenCan/tinnCarboynBundlenContainernpalletnThe seller should deliver the goods which are packaged in the manner required by the contract;nExcept where the parties have agreed otherwise,the goods should be packaged in the manner usual for such goods;or where there is no such manner,in a manner adequate to preserve and protect the goods.nthe exporter has to give careful consideration to the packing of the goods to be shipped abroad.unless otherwise agreed in the contract of sales,it is his duty to pack the goods in a manner which assures their safe arrival and facilitates their handling in transit and at the place of destination.Neglect in this respect will invariably result in delay in the delivery of the goods and might entitle the overseas customer to reject the goods or to claim damages.TBT(Technical Barriers to Trade)nTechnical regulationnStandardnConformity assessment proceduresTechnical regulationnDocuments which lays down product characteristics or their related processes and production methods,including the applicable administrative provisions,with which compliance is mandatory.It may also include or deal exclusively with terminology,symbols,packaging,marking or labelling requirements as they apply to a product,process or production method.”n规定强制执行的产品特性或其相关工艺和生产方法，包括适用的规定强制执行的产品特性或其相关工艺和生产方法，包括适用的管理规定在内的文件。该文件还可包括或专门关于适用于产品工管理规定在内的文件。该文件还可包括或专门关于适用于产品工艺或生产方法的专门术语、符号、包装、标志或标签要求。艺或生产方法的专门术语、符号、包装、标志或标签要求。Standardndocuments approved by a recognized body,that provides,for common and repeated use,rules,guidelines or characteristics for products or related processes and production methods,with which compliance is not mandatory.”n经公认机构批准的、规定非强制执行的、供通用或重复使用的产经公认机构批准的、规定非强制执行的、供通用或重复使用的产品或相关工艺和生产方法的规则、指南或特性的文件。品或相关工艺和生产方法的规则、指南或特性的文件。Conformity assessment proceduresnconformity assessment procedures include,procedures for sampling,testing and inspection;evaluation,verification and assurance of conformity;registration,accreditation and approval as well as their combinationsn合格评定程序特别包括：抽样、检验和检查；评估、验合格评定程序特别包括：抽样、检验和检查；评估、验证和合格保证；注册、认可和批准以及各项的组合。证和合格保证；注册、认可和批准以及各项的组合。TBT casesn美国和新西兰禁止利用稻草，谷糠，干草等作为包装材料；（或在提供美国和新西兰禁止利用稻草，谷糠，干草等作为包装材料；（或在提供消毒证明的条件下，才可使用）消毒证明的条件下，才可使用）n19981998年年9 9月美国农业部提出，中国出口商品的包装使用未经处理的木料，月美国农业部提出，中国出口商品的包装使用未经处理的木料，将亚洲长刺蜂带进美国，就此制定了新的检验标准；将亚洲长刺蜂带进美国，就此制定了新的检验标准；n19991999年年1 1月，加拿大对中国的木质包装也提出了检疫要求；月，加拿大对中国的木质包装也提出了检疫要求；n19991999年年6 6月，欧盟对来自中国的货物木质包装实施新的检疫标准（不带月，欧盟对来自中国的货物木质包装实施新的检疫标准（不带树皮，不能有直径大于树皮，不能有直径大于3mm3mm的虫蛀洞，烘干）的虫蛀洞，烘干）n英联邦国家：要求提供包装材料的产地证明；英联邦国家：要求提供包装材料的产地证明；n德国，法国：禁止进口外形尺寸与本国不同的食品罐头。德国，法国：禁止进口外形尺寸与本国不同的食品罐头。marks Shipping markMarks Indicative mark Warning markTHIS SIDE UP DO NOT DROPLIFT HERE OPEN THIS ENDKEEP DRY GLASS WITH CAREHANDLE WITH CARE KEEP COOLFRAGILE PERISHABLEINFLAMMABLE ACID-WITH CAREPacking decision1.Packing should be appropriate for the commodity2.2.Packing should meet the requirements of different means of transportation3.3.Laws®ulations of the related countries and requirements of the customers should be considered for the packingPacking decision4.Its better not to use”seaworthy packing”or“customary packing”in the contract.5.the first step in selecting a package for a market is to determine national preferences.Specimen letter(1)Dear Sirs,Packing for ready-made garments A shipment of ready-made garments arrived on May 10.Having examined the goods thoroughly,we venture to say that the packing needs improvementFor instance,the cartons used are not strong enough to protect the contents from getting damaged during transit.We have enquired of some of our clients about the packing in question.They say:1.Such cartons are easy to cut open because the cardboard of which the cartons are made is rather thin,thus making pilferage become possible.2.If and when the goods are to be transshipped at a certain port,the cartons will stand in the open on the wharf and,in heavy rains,be subjected to damage as the cartons will surely be soaked.3.During loading and unloading,the cartons are to be piled up;hence breakage is unavoidable because the cartons are too thin to stand heavy pressure.4.4.The insurance companies,on knowing this,will shift their responsibility to the goods being packed in cartons not fit for ocean transportation and refuse compensation for losses.From the above comments,you can readily see that our clients are justified in their anxieties over your packing.As far as packing is concerned,they prefer wooden cases to cartons for future shipments.We sincerely hope that you will take this matter into consideration and make necessary improvement so as to avoid unforeseen troubles arising from faulty packing.Your early response will be much appropriated.Specimen letter(2)Dear Sirs,Packing for ready-made garments We thank you for your letter of May 16,informing us of your clients comments on our packing.We have discussed the matter with the competent department here and wish to explain as follows:1.The cartons we use are up to standard and fit for ocean transportation.For years we have used these cartons in our shipments to many continental ports to the entire satisfaction of our clients.Moreover,the insurance companies have accepted such packing for WPA and TPND.2.These cartons are well protected against moisture by plastic lining.Thus garments packed in them are not so susceptible to damage by moisture as those packed in wooden cases.3.The cardboard used for making cartons is light but compact.It keeps down packaging costs and helps customers save on freight.4.Your clients anxieties over packing are presumed.we are confident that the insurance company can be made to pay the necessary compensation for any loss or losses from pilferage and breakage caused by using such cartons.Please tell your clients that their fears are unwarranted.Nowadays,except for bulk cargo,nude cargo and huge machinery,most commodities are packed in cartons.To pack garments in wooden cases is obsolete.For future shipments,we are experimenting with special cartons,in which garments are hung on dresshangers.These cartons can be containerized,so that the garments will not twist.We highly value your comments,which will help improve our work.If you find any defect on our last shipment,please do not hesitate to let us know.We assure you of our cooperation and await your future orders.Reply to the above Dear Sirs,Packing for ready-made garments Your letter of May 25 has been carefully notedWe have approached our clients about the packing,and after our repeated explanations,they say they will have no objection to your packing the garments in cartons if you guarantee that you will pay compensation in all cases wherein they cannot get indemnification from the insurance company for the reason that the cartons used are not seaworthy.We deem it our duty to inform you of this and consider it a tacit understanding that should the insurance company refuse compensation,you would hold yourselves responsible for the losses our clients might sustain on account of your using such cartons.We think you will understand that our candid statement is made for our mutual benefit as packing is a sensitive subject,which often leads to trade disputes.We appreciate your cooperation.Exercises Dear Sirs,We thank you_ your letter _ 20 May,2001 and can confirm that we are still offering our range_ luxury foods_ the prices quoted_ our initial offer_ you.We understand your concern_ packing,and can assure you that we take every possible precaution to ensure that our products reach our customers all over the world_ prime condition._ your information,”Ariel”caviar is packed as follows:Each jar is wrapped _ tissue paper_ being placed in its individual decorative cardboard box.The boxes are then packed _ strong cardboard cartons,twelve _ a carton,separated_ each other_ corrugated paper dividers.The cartons are then packed_ strong wooden crates.Since the crates are specially made to hold twenty-four cartons,there is no danger_ movement _ them.In addition,the crates are lined_ waterproof,airtight material.The lids are secured _ nailing,and the crates are strapped_ metal bands.In the case _ consignements being sent to you,transshipment at buenos Aires will be necessary,so each case will be marked_ details required_ the Argentinian authorities,as well as_ your own mark,details _ weight,etc.,and symbols representing the following warnings and directions:USE NO HOOKS!STOW AWAY FROM HEAT!THIS SIDE UP,and DOT NOT DROP.We hope this has answered your questions,and look forward to receiving orders_ you.纸板箱作为一种包装容器已在国际贸易中广泛使用，纸板箱作为一种包装容器已在国际贸易中广泛使用，因此，对它们的适航性，你们不必担心。因此，对它们的适航性，你们不必担心。据我们所知，保险公司接受投保纸板箱装的货物的据我们所知，保险公司接受投保纸板箱装的货物的偷窃、提货不着险偷窃、提货不着险(Theft,Pilferage&Non-delivery)。万一发生偷窃，你们可以放心，保险公。万一发生偷窃，你们可以放心，保险公司将给予赔偿。司将给予赔偿。我们男衬衫的包装为每件套一塑料袋，我们男衬衫的包装为每件套一塑料袋，5打装一纸箱。打装一纸箱。内衬防潮纸，外打铁箍两道。内衬防潮纸，外打铁箍两道。你们的人参酒你们的人参酒(Ginseng Wine)质量好，但包装较差，瓶子易质量好，但包装较差，瓶子易碎，纸盒太薄，对我们今后的订货，没瓶套一只泡沫塑料套碎，纸盒太薄，对我们今后的订货，没瓶套一只泡沫塑料套(foam plastic casing)，并装在较厚的纸盒内，否则我们只，并装在较厚的纸盒内，否则我们只能放弃这项业务。能放弃这项业务。货价通常包括包装费在内，货价通常包括包装费在内，“包括出口包装包括出口包装”这一用语，意即这一用语，意即所报价格包括适合出口的包装费用。如所报价格不包括包装所报价格包括适合出口的包装费用。如所报价格不包括包装费用，则费用，则“出口包装费用由买方负担出口包装费用由买方负担”一语应予列入合同。一语应予列入合同。我们的印花棉布系用木箱包装，内衬牛皮纸我们的印花棉布系用木箱包装，内衬牛皮纸(kraft paper)和防潮纸。每箱和防潮纸。每箱30匹，一花五色，平均搭配。匹，一花五色，平均搭配。你方你方8 8月月3030日来函询问我方旅行剪刀的包装一事，今告知如下：日来函询问我方旅行剪刀的包装一事，今告知如下：我们出口的旅行剪刀每盒装一打，每一纸板箱装我们出口的旅行剪刀每盒装一打，每一纸板箱装100100盒。尺吗盒。尺吗是是1717公分高，公分高，3030公分宽，公分宽，5050公分长，体积约公分长，体积约0 0。026026立方米，立方米，净重净重2222。5 5公斤，毛重公斤，毛重2323。5 5公斤。纸板箱外的标记，除印刷公斤。纸板箱外的标记，除印刷有毛重，净重外，还须印刷有有毛重，净重外，还须印刷有“中华人民共和国制造中华人民共和国制造”字样。字样。如你对标记有何特殊要求，请告知，我方当尽力满足。如你对标记有何特殊要求，请告知，我方当尽力满足。顺告我们的剪刀过去一向是用木箱包装的，但经过多次用纸顺告我们的剪刀过去一向是用木箱包装的，但经过多次用纸板箱试装后，发现纸板箱同样适宜于海洋运输，且纸板箱价板箱试装后，发现纸板箱同样适宜于海洋运输，且纸板箱价格较低，搬运较为轻便，运费也较低廉，所以现在有更多的格较低，搬运较为轻便，运费也较低廉，所以现在有更多的客户宁愿要纸箱包装而不要木箱包装。我们相信你方会同意客户宁愿要纸箱包装而不要木箱包装。我们相信你方会同意我们的意见，接受纸箱包装。我们的意见，接受纸箱包装。如能早日答复，不胜感激。如能早日答复，不胜感激。Exercises1.we shall pack the goods in our usual packing if you have nothing particular in this regard.2.We can meet your special requirements for packing but the extra expenses should borne by you.3.As it will take us time to pack the goods according to your requirements,we are afraid that the shipment may not be effected at the contracted time.4.We do not object to packing in cartons,provided the flaps are glued down and the cartons secured by metal bands.5.Please use normal export containers unless you receive special instructions from our agents.6.The cartons are well protected against moisture by polythene sheet lining.7.Our improved packing will catch the eye of the buying public,which will help push the sales.8.Preference of people,their custom and tradition play a very important role in the packing of goods for consumption.Writing Write a letter for your firm to an English engineering firm,ordering a special machine.Give packing and marking instructions.