1、高中英语语法专题复习课件状语从句共张PPT一、状语从句的类型及连词一、状语从句的类型及连词从句从句类型类型常见连词常见连词补充补充时间时间状语状语从句从句when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till/until,assoonas,since,once,bythetime,nosooner.than,hardly/scarcely.when,.everytime,themoment,theminute,immediately也也可引导时间状可引导时间状语从句语从句从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充地点状语地点状语从句从句where,wherever,an
2、ywhere,everywhere,.原因状语原因状语从句从句because,since,as,for,nowthat,.seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat也可引导也可引导原因状语从句原因状语从句从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充目的状语目的状语从句从句sothat,inorderthat,.谓语动词前常带谓语动词前常带有情态动词;有情态动词;incase,forfear(that)也可引导目也可引导目的状语从句的状语从句结果状语结果状语从句从句sothat,so.that,such.that,.从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充条件状语条件状语从句
3、从句if,unless,so/aslongas,onlyif,provided,.if不能用不能用whether替换;替换;onconditionthat,suppose/supposing(that)也可引导条件状也可引导条件状语从句语从句从句类型从句类型常见连词常见连词补充补充让步状语让步状语从句从句although,though,evenif/though,as.由疑问词由疑问词+ever构构成的复合词,成的复合词,“nomatter+疑问词疑问词”以及以及whether.or也可引导让步状也可引导让步状语从句。语从句。从句类型从句类型常用连词常用连词补充补充方式状语方式状语从句从句as
4、,asif/though,.theway,ratherthan也可引导也可引导方式状语从句方式状语从句程度状语程度状语从句从句so(that),suchthat,as/sofaras,as/solongas,.tothedegree/extent(that)也也可引导程度状可引导程度状语从句语从句比较状语比较状语从句从句than,as二、引导状语从句的单词或短语二、引导状语从句的单词或短语1.when1)when引导时间状语从句时,从句的动作引导时间状语从句时,从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生,也可先后既可与主句的动作同时发生,也可先后发生发生。如:。如:Whenthefamilycameh
5、erefromRussia,theywerepenniless.Whenthemealwasfinished,Rachelwashedup.2)when可以引导条件状语从句,意为可以引导条件状语从句,意为“如如果果”。如:。如:Howcanweexplainittoyouwhenyouwontlisten2.while1)while引导时间状语从句时,从句的谓语引导时间状语从句时,从句的谓语必须是延续性动词(如必须是延续性动词(如work,stay,wait,live等)等)。如:。如:Pleasedonttalksoloudlywhileothersareworking.2)while引导让
6、步状语从句时,相当于引导让步状语从句时,相当于although/though。while和和although引导引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序,的让步状语从句不用倒装语序,though引引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如:如:While/Although/ThoughIwasntcompletelysure,Ithoughthedbeendrinking.Strangethoughitmayseem,Ilikehousework.3.until和和till1)until和和till都表示都表示“直到直到”,常可互换,但,常可互换,但till一般不用于
7、句首,也不用于强调句中一般不用于句首,也不用于强调句中。2)until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时,主句从句与肯定的主句连用时,主句的谓语必须是延续性动词的谓语必须是延续性动词,表示主句的动,表示主句的动作一直持续到作一直持续到until/till所表示的时间为止。所表示的时间为止。如:如:Youlljusthavetowaituntiltheycallyourname.Neilremainedtheretillhisbrotherarrived.3)until/till从句与否定的主句连用时,主从句与否定的主句连用时,主句的谓语是非延续性动词句的谓语是非延续性动词,表示表示“直到直到才才
8、”,即主句的动作到,即主句的动作到until/till所所表示的时间才开始。如:表示的时间才开始。如:LeodidntcomeuntilJameshadgoneoverhislesson.Oncehestartsadecoratingjobhewontstopuntilitsfinished.4)notuntil引导的从句位于句首时,主句引导的从句位于句首时,主句须部分倒装须部分倒装。如:。如:NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealisehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.5)notuntil结构可用于强调句中结构可用于强调句中。如:。如:Itwasnotuntils
9、hecametoseeusthatweknewhermotherwasillinbed.4.as1)as引导时间状语从句时,表示引导时间状语从句时,表示“当当时时,随着,随着”。如:。如:Justasthetwomenwereleaving,amessagearrived.2)as引导原因状语从句时,一般放在句首,引导原因状语从句时,一般放在句首,表示十分明显的原因表示十分明显的原因。如:。如:Asitisraining,weshallnotgocamping.3)as引导让步状语从句时,通常用倒装结引导让步状语从句时,通常用倒装结构构。具体情况如下:。具体情况如下:a.“形容词形容词+as+
10、主语主语+系动词系动词”或或“副词副词+as+主语主语+实义动词实义动词”。如:。如:Poorashewas,hewashonest.MuchasIlikeit,Iwontbuyit.b.名词名词+as+主语主语+系动词(句首的名词前系动词(句首的名词前多不带冠词多不带冠词)。如:)。如:Childasheis,heknowsalot.c.实义动词实义动词+as+主语主语+助动词(如果没有助动词(如果没有助动词,则要加上助动词,则要加上do,does或或did)。如:。如:Tryasshewould,Suecouldntgetthedooropen.4)as引导方式状语从句时,意为引导方式状语
11、从句时,意为“如,像,如,像,按照按照”。如:。如:Hedidnotneedtokeepmovinghouse,ashisfatherhad.5)as引导比较状语从句时,常用于引导比较状语从句时,常用于as.as.和和notso/as.as.结构中结构中。如:。如:Theywantpeaceasmuchaswedo.IcantrunasfastasIusedto.5.nosooner.than和和hardly.whennosooner.than和和hardly.when意为意为“一一就就,刚,刚就就”。主句。主句一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。nosoo
12、ner,hardly位于句首时,主句的主位于句首时,主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如:谓语要部分倒装。如:Thewordshadnosoonerbeenspokenthanherealisedthatheshouldhaveremainedsilent.Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.6.so.that和和such.that二者均意为二者均意为“如此如此以致于以致于”,so后面后面接形容词或副词,接形
13、容词或副词,such后面接名词后面接名词。名。名词前有词前有many,much,few,little这些词修这些词修饰时,要用饰时,要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数单数可数名词可数名词+that”可转换成可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词单数可数名词+that”。如:。如:TherearesomanygoodbooksinthatbookstorethatIcanhardlyknowwhattobuy.Itissuchabigjob/sobigajobthatwellhavetobeverycareful.7.“疑问词疑问词+ever”构成的复合词构成的复合词与与“
14、nomatter+疑问词疑问词”“疑问词疑问词+ever”构成的复合词可构成的复合词可以以引导让步状语从句,在口语中可用引导让步状语从句,在口语中可用“nomatter+疑问词疑问词”代替代替。如:。如:Weredeterminedtohaveawonderfulholiday,howevermuch/nomatterhowmuchitcosts.Whatever/Nomatterwhatyoudo,dontpressthatbutton!在含状语从句的复合句中,主、从句通常在含状语从句的复合句中,主、从句通常根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态,但根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态,但有一点需要注
15、意:有一点需要注意:在时间状语从句、条件在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或由状语从句或由“疑问词疑问词-ever”、“nomatter+疑问词疑问词”等引导的让步状语从句中,可以等引导的让步状语从句中,可以用一般现在时表将来用一般现在时表将来。下面就状语从句考。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。点进行归纳总结。一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句【考例】【考例】Itwasthemiddleofthenight_myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.(江西江西2014)A.thatB.asC.whichD.whenD 二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从
16、句where在地点状语从句中,除了指地点外,在地点状语从句中,除了指地点外,还可指处境还可指处境等。等。由由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别:的区别:where引导定语从句时,从句前引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示(抽象)地点或处所的名词应有一个表示(抽象)地点或处所的名词作先行词,而状语从句前没有先行词。作先行词,而状语从句前没有先行词。1._heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.(2015安徽安徽)A.WhereB.AsC.IncaseD
17、.Nowthat句意:在他曾经想要放弃的地方,他现在句意:在他曾经想要放弃的地方,他现在下定决心去争取进步继续前行。下定决心去争取进步继续前行。A.那里;那里;B.尽管,当,因为,随着尽管,当,因为,随着;C.以防;以防;D.既然。既然。where表示地点,引导地点状语从句表示地点,引导地点状语从句;as引引导让步状语从句常用倒装,即导让步状语从句常用倒装,即triedashehas;incase表目的;表目的;nowthat表原因。这里表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方,故选指让他感到想放弃的地方,故选A。A 2.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldntgetatax
18、i_thebushaddroppedher.(2014重庆重庆)A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.whereD 三、原因状语从句三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的常用连词有引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because,since,as,now(that)等等。它们的用法区别。它们的用法区别是:是:because语气最强,述说直接原因,语气最强,述说直接原因,说明因果关系,常回答以说明因果关系,常回答以why开头的问句;开头的问句;since,as和和now(that)引导的从句用法相引导的从句用法相似,表示双方都知道的原因。似,表示双方都知道的原因。四、让步状语从句四、让步状语从
19、句【考例】【考例】_theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.(北京北京2014)A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.IncaseC 五、目的状语从句五、目的状语从句【考例】【考例】Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.(浙江浙江2014)A.nowthatB.asifC.onlyifD.sothatD 六、结果状语从句六、结果状语从句so.that和和such.that表示表示“如此如此以以致于致于”,so后面接形
20、容词或副词,后面接形容词或副词,such后后面接名词面接名词。但名词前有。但名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时这些词修饰时,要用要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数名词单数名词+that”可转换成可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数名词单数名词+that”。七、条件状语从句七、条件状语从句【考例】【考例】Youwillnevergainsuccess_youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.(湖南湖南2014)A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unlessD 八、方式状语从句八、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的常用连词有引导
21、方式状语从句的常用连词有as,asif/though。asif/though引导的状语从句引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,表示与事实的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实时,就要看作是事实或者有可能是事实时,就要用陈述语气。用陈述语气。九、比较状语从句九、比较状语从句含含as.as.的比较状语从句用在同级的比较状语从句用在同级比较中比较中,若表否定用若表否定用notso/as.as.。其中第一个。其中第一个so/as是副词是副词,修饰主句修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形,后一个的形容词或副词的原形,后一
22、个as是是连词连词,引导比较状语从句。引导比较状语从句。I.选用括号内合适的内容填空。选用括号内合适的内容填空。1.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic_(because,unless)ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.2.(北京(北京2016)2._(Since,While)onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.(浙江(浙江2016)becauseWhile3.Mygrandfatherstillpla
23、ystennisnowandthen,_(aslongas,eventhough)hesinhisnineties.(北京(北京2016)4._(Once,Although)thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.(北京(北京2015)5.Itwasthemiddleofthenight_(that,when)myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.(江西(江西2014)eventhoughOncewhen6.Themeaningoftheword“nice”c
24、hangedafewtimes_(before,after)itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”.(安徽(安徽2014)7.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldntgetataxi_(when,where)thebushaddroppedher.(重庆(重庆2014)8.Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_(nowthat,sothat)shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.(浙江(浙江2014)beforewheresothat9.Youwillneverga
25、insuccess_(when,unless)youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.(湖南(湖南2014)10.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,_(though,as)historycannotbechanged.(江苏(江苏2014)unlessthough.选择填空。选择填空。1.Youwontfindpapercuttingdifficult_youkeeppracticingit.(2015北京)北京)A.evenifB.aslongasC.asifD.eversince句意:只要你不断练习,你就不会觉得剪句意:只要你不断练习,
26、你就不会觉得剪纸很难。纸很难。A即使,虽然;即使,虽然;B只要;只要;C犹如,犹如,好像;好像;D自从自从。结合句意,故选。结合句意,故选B。B2.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem_wecansolveit.(2015天津天津)A.whileB.afterC.beforeD.as句意:在我们解决问题前,我们需要找到句意:在我们解决问题前,我们需要找到问题的根源。问题的根源。A当当时候,而;时候,而;B.在在之后;之后;C在在之前;之前;D正如正如。由句。由句意可知选意可知选C。C 3._scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheunive
27、rse,thereismuchwestilldontknow.(2015安徽安徽)A.OnceB.SinceC.ThoughD.Unless句意:尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多,句意:尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多,但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。A一旦;一旦;B既然,自从;既然,自从;C虽然;虽然;D除非除非。once和和unless表示条件,表示条件,since表示原因或表示原因或时间;时间;though表示让步或表示让步或转折。这里是转折。这里是转折含义,故选转折含义,故选C。C 4._thejobtakesasignificantamountofti
28、me.moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.(2015湖南湖南)A.IfonlyB.AfterC.AlthoughD.IncaseA.Ifonly要是要是该多好啊该多好啊(ifonly常常用常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾,因此,主要用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾,因此,主要用在虚拟语气中,用以表达强烈的愿望或非在虚拟语气中,用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。常被译为真实条件。常被译为“但愿但愿”、“要是要是该多好啊该多好啊”等等)C B.After在在之后之后(用作连词是词,它引导用作连词是词,它引导的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义,往往要的时间状语从句如
29、果具有将来意义,往往要用一般现在时来表示用一般现在时来表示(有时也用现在完成时有时也用现在完成时),而不能直接用一般将来时,而不能直接用一般将来时)C.Although虽虽然然(表示表示“虽然虽然”时,不要根据汉语习惯,在后时,不要根据汉语习惯,在后面使用连词面使用连词but,不过有时它可与不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用等副词连用)D.Incase万一,假万一,假使使(引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句);句意:虽然那个工;句意:虽然那个工作要花大量的时间,但是许多学生都觉得这作要花大量的时间,但是许多学生都觉得这种经历是值得的。故选种经历是值得的。故选C。
30、5.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogo_yourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.(2015四川四川)A.sinceB.untilC.when D.before选项选项A.意为自从;选项意为自从;选项B.意为直到;选项意为直到;选项C.意为当意为当时;选项时;选项D.意为在意为在之前之前。根据句意选择根据句意选择D。句意:就剩一天时间,。句意:就剩一天时间,你最喜欢的乐队将会来现场表演。你最喜欢的乐队将会来现场表演。D I.选用括号内合适的内容填空。选用括号内合适的内容填空。1.Ihaveheardalotofstoriesaboutyou_(since,u
31、ntil)Icamebackfromthecity.2.Youcanttravelonthistrain_(unless,if)youhaveareservation.3._(Whatever,Whenever)Ihavetogivealecture,IgetextremelynervousbeforeIstart.sinceunlessWhenever4.Theicewas_(so,as)thickthattherewasnodangeroftheskatersfallingthrough.5.Theywereplayinginthegarden_(when,while)theyhearda
32、scream.6.Iwillshowyouhowtopreparethisdish_(if,so)youcanprepareitforyourfamily.7.Hehas_(such,so)highmarksthathehasappliedforascholarship.sowhensosuch8.Thewomanwalkedoutoftheroom_(before,until)Ihadachancetoexplain.9.Much_(as,while)Ilikethesnow,itisgoodtogetbacktosomewarmweather.10.CharlesneedstolearnF
33、rench_(since,although)hiscompanyisopeningabranchinParis.beforeassince11.Mysisterstayedatworklate_(inthat,sothat)shecouldcompletethereport.12._(Assoonas,Aslongas)sheenteredtheroom,sheknewtherewassomethingwrong.sothatAssoonasII.选用合适的短语填空。选用合适的短语填空。in order that,as though,now that,in case,as long as,ev
34、en if1._wekeepplayingwell,wellkeepwinninggames.2.Shestaredatme_Iwereacompletestranger.3._thekidshavelefthomewevegotalotofextraspace.AslongasasthoughNowthatin order that,as though,now that,in case,as long as,even if4.Shesgoingtohaveproblemsfindingajob_shegetsherAlevels.5.Themanworeglassesandafalsebea
35、rd_nobodywouldrecognizehim.6.Allthesoldiershadtotaketheirmaskswiththem_therewasagasattack.evenifinorderthatincaseIII.用适当的连词填空。用适当的连词填空。1._thebathroomwindowbrokeIwashavingashower.2.Ihadnosoonergottowork_mybosscalledmeuptohisoffice.3.Itallhappenedsoquickly_Inevergotagoodlookathisface.4.Scottjoinedthea
36、rmysoonafterhis18thbirthday,just_hisbrotherdid.Whenthanthatas5.Youneedtothinktwice_youmakeadecision.6.Theshopkeepersaysthatshellhavetoclosetheshop_businessimproves.beforeunlessIV.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1._(随着年随着年龄的增长龄的增长),youwillgrowwiser.2.Hewillneverpasstheexamination_(除非他除非他努力学习努力学习).3
37、._(无论她到哪儿无论她到哪儿),therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.AsyougrowolderunlesshestudieshardWherevershegoes4.Hehas_/_(如此如此有趣的发型有趣的发型)thathegetsalotofattentionwhilewalkinginthestreet.5.Sheleavesherbedroomwindowopen,_(无论天无论天气多么冷气多么冷).suchaninterestinghairstylehowevercolditissointerestingahairstyleV.选用合适的内
38、容完成对话。选用合适的内容完成对话。because,when,so that,as soon as,althoughOmar:ImsorryImnotheretotakeyourcall.PleaseleaveamessageafterthetoneandIllcallyou1._Igethome.Martha:Hello,Omar,itsMartha.ImafraidIhavetocancelourmeetingtomorrow.Myfathersjustphonedtosaymymothersbeentakenill.2._itsoundsquiteserious,Illhavetotak
39、etimeofftogoandseeher.assoonasBecausebecause,when,so that,as soon as,although3._Imaybeawayforafewdays,IhavemylaptopwithmewhileImthere4._Icandosomework.5._yougetthechance,givemearingandwellsortoutanothertimetomeet.Byefornow.AlthoughsothatWhenVI.选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。ManypeoplehavecometoAm
40、ericaforfreedom.ButAfricanslosttheirfreedomandwerebroughttoAmericaagainsttheirwilltoworkinthefields.AfricansweretakenfromtheirhomesandputonslaveshipstocrosstheAtlantic.1._(As,When)conditionswerehard,manydiedalongtheway.2._(Because,Although)theyworkedhardfrommorningtillnight,AsAlthoughtheyreceivednom
41、oney.Infact,theywereoftenbeaten3._(if,unless)theydidntobey.Theywereforcedtoworkhard4._(sothat,nowthat)whiteplantationownerscouldbecomerich.5._(Because,Though)manypeopleintheNorthwereagainstslavery,slaverycontinuedintheSouth6._(since,if)Southernslaveownersdidnotwanttogiveuptheircheaplaborsupply.ifsot
42、hatThoughsince7._(Eventhough,Asthough)thelawprohibitedtheimportationofslaves,slaverycontinuedtoincrease.Difficult8._(although,as)livingunderslaverywas,slavesformedstrongcommunities.TheytriedtokeeptheirAfricanculturalpractices,whichincludedmusicanddance.9._(Because,When)peoplefromthesameregionsinAfri
43、cawereseparatedfromeachother,theylosttheirnativelanguagesandweregivenbiblicalnamesratherthanAfricannames.EventhoughasBecauseMostoftheAfricanAmericansintheNorthwerefree.However,theydidnthaveaneasylife.10._(Unless,Until)theslaveswerefinallyfreedin1865,theystillfacedmanydifficulties.Inspiteofthefacttha
44、tthemajorityofAfricansbythattimewereborninAmerica,theysuffereddiscriminationbecauseofthecoloroftheirskin.UntilCongresspassedalawprohibitingdiscriminationinjobsandeducationin1965.11._(Unless,Although)therehasbeenprogresstowardequalityforall,therearestillmanyinequalitiesinAmericanlife.Although医学资料仅供参考,用药方面谨遵医嘱
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