初中英语宾语从句巧学妙记共32页PPT.ppt

初中英语宾语从句巧学妙记共32页PPT宾语从句巧学妙记1.Iknowhim.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语简单句简单句主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句复合句复合句2.Iknowwhoheis.什么是宾语？I know him.Do you have the timeI think(that)she is beautiful.Why dont you pay attention to me 宾语,位于谓语动词或者介词后。一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词及物动词或介词之后。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词连接词引导词连接词语语 序序时时 态态由附属连词由附属连词 that that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由由连连接代接代词词Who,whom,whose,which,what和和连连接副接副词词where,how,why,when引引导导的的宾语宾语从句从句由附属连词由附属连词 whether,if whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句一引导词1 12 23 3e.g.1.Ihear(that)_.2.Hesaid(that)_.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmoves1.由附属由附属连词连词that引引导导的的宾语宾语从句从句注：注：that引导的从句，引导的从句，表示表示陈陈述一件事述一件事实实，主句主句谓语动词谓语动词表示确定，不疑表示确定，不疑问问；that在在句中无任何意句中无任何意义义，不充当句子成分，常省，不充当句子成分，常省略。略。aroundthesun2.由附属由附属连词连词whether,if引引导导的的宾语宾语从句从句Iwanttoknow_.2.Askhim_.3.Iwonder_.4.Couldyoutellme_ if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否，是否，说说明明对陈对陈述的事物不明确或不清述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme表示疑表示疑问问不确定意不确定意义义的的词词之后；从句句意完好，不缺成分。之后；从句句意完好，不缺成分。whether(if)MrLiliveshere1.在引导主语从句、表语从句时如：Whether it is true remains a question.The question is whether it is true.2.用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。I dont know whether to go there at once.3.当与or not连用，或 or 提出两种选择时:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 1注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 24.在介词或dicuss后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We discussed whether we should close the shop.5.与动词不定式连用(whether to do sth.)：They asked me whether to go skating.6.为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句提在主句前。Whether he will come I am not sure.注意：只能用if 不能用 whether的情况 If he runs fast,hell get there on time.Ill go to see you if I have time.Tell me if it is not going to rain,please.时时态态条件状语从句：条件状语从句：主将从现主将从现宾语从句：宾语从句：根据需要用相应时态根据需要用相应时态ifwhether用法巧用法巧记记两个两个“是否并不是否并不难难，一般情况可代，一般情况可代换换。以下情况用以下情况用whether,主表不定式主表不定式or(not)。作作为讨论为讨论介介词宾词宾，此此时时if不可跟。不可跟。还还有一点也得有一点也得编编，whether从句可提早。从句可提早。引引导导条件表条件表“假如，再也不可用假如，再也不可用whether。宾宾语语从从句句假假设设否否认认，whether一一词词不不可可用。用。Practicetime选择选择if/whether。1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.3.Iwonder_heiswell.4.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.5.Idontknow_togo.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether1.He asked _.2.Do you know_3.He asked_.who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for whose bike was the best in the class由由连连接代接代词词Who,whom,whose,which,what引引导导的的宾语宾语从句从句主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。连连接副接副词词where,how,why,when引引导导的的宾语宾语从句从句1.Doyouknow_2.Pleasetellme_.3.Canyoutellme_4.Couldyoutellme_主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成疑问引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late 二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分1.WhenwillhegotothelibraryHisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.2.WhatdidhewanttobuyIdontknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句主句+连接词连接词+从句主从句主+谓谓+其他成分其他成分即：助动词不能放在主语前面。即：助动词不能放在主语前面。WhatswrongWhatsthematterWhatshappeningWhoisoverthere？注：当从句的原句注：当从句的原句为为以下句子以下句子以及以及what,who作主作主语时语时，语语序不序不变变：eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over thereCan you tell me who he is 做主语做主语做宾语做宾语注意：否认前移假设主句谓语动词为think,guess，imagine，suppose,believe等其后的宾语从句假设含有否认意义，一般要把否认词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式；其反意疑问句，疑问从句。否认前移及反意疑问句形式巧记法Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,doesit我我认为这认为这件衣服不合适你穿件衣服不合适你穿,是是吗吗？Idontthinkyouareright，areyou我我认为认为你是你是错错的的,是是吗吗？Idontbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday，willyou我我认为认为你今天无法完成工作你今天无法完成工作,是是吗吗？我认为猜测有假不可信，提问宾从构反问。我认为猜测有假不可信，提问宾从构反问。从句假设表否认意，从句假设表否认意，否认词语要前移。否认词语要前移。vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.三、时态三、时态1.主句用如今时或将来时，从句可用任主句用如今时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。何时态，根据实际情况而定。2.2.假如主句是过去的时态一般过去时，过去进展时假如主句是过去的时态一般过去时，过去进展时，从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态，从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态一般过去时，过去进展时，过去将来时，过去完一般过去时，过去进展时，过去将来时，过去完成时成时vI knew who lived there.vI saw she was talking with her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come back vthe next day.vHe said that he had seen the movie.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然 现象时，仍用一般如今时。现象时，仍用一般如今时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me the earth moves around the sun.Mr.Li told me the sun rises in the east.1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _ (return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)willbe goes havereturned hadbeenrisesPracticetime宾语从句巧记法宾语从句巧记法宾语从句要注意，时态引导词和语序。时态问题看主句，如今时态可随意。过去时态用过去，客观情况要注意，主过从现要切记。时态1.时态问题2.引导词问题引导词,并不难，主句含义最关键。主表肯定意完好，that常用也可省。主表疑问不确定，另类词,要使用。从句句意假设完好，if/wether不可省。从句假设是缺成分，特殊疑问词来过问。引导词thatif/whether特殊疑问词3.语序问题还有一项为哪一项语序，陈述语序要切记。如何对它来判断，助动莫放主语前语语序序()1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC Practice()5.Couldyoushowme_A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation()6.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike()7.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD()8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis()9.Couldyoutellmehowlong_A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD 将以下句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting Could you tell me3.Do they like to go skiing He asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said.5.He will come back.Tom said.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.CouldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeetingHeaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.6.Is she doing her homework Jim asked.7.When will he come back Tom asked.8.How can I get to the stationCould you tell me9.Why is the train late Would you tell me10.Where is Tom They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the stationWould you tell me why the train is lateThey asked where Tom was.Jim asked if she was doing her homework.教学资料整理仅供参考，