Say-YesTobias-Wolff.ppt

Say YesTobias WolffR einforcementT ext AnalysisB ackgroundW arming upUnit 2Say Yes PreviewMaterials1.Assignmentsforeachclass;2.Presentationtopics;3.Theoriginaltext;4.Questionsaboutthetext;5.Someshortstoriesbythesameauthor.AssignmentsFor the 1st class:Cometoclasswithasheetofpaperwhichcontains:1.Thetitleofthetext;2.Thenameoftheauthor;3.Keywords,phrases&idiomaticexpressions;4.Aone-sentencesummaryofthetext;5.Anoutlineofthetext;6.Partsofthetextyoufinddifficulttounderstand;7.Onemeaningfulquestionyouespeciallywanttoraiseaboutthetext.AssignmentsFor the 2nd class:Writeaparagraphonthefollowingtopic.Becauseofitsnarrativepointofview,SayYesdoesnotshowanysignificantinteriordramaofthewife.Whatdoyouthinkthewifeisthinkingwhiletheirargumentistakingplaceandafterwards?Trytoputyourselfintheshoesofthewife,andwritedownyourthoughtsandfeelings.AssignmentsFor the 3rd class:Writeanessayonthefollowingtopic.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthemeofthestory?Why?PresentationTopics1.TheauthorTobiasWolff:hislifeexperiences,majorworksandprizes,hisusualtopics,styleofwriting,etc.2.RacialdiscriminationintheUSinthe1980s:disguisedandundisguisedracialdiscriminationineveryaspectoftheAmericansociety(stereotypesoftheblackpeople,theirinterestsandbenefits,education,jobs,etc.)3.SexualdiscriminationintheUSinthe1980s:overtandcovertsexualdiscriminationathomeandoutofhome(inpublicaffairs,businesscorporations,governmentdepartments,etc.)QuestionsAbouttheText1.Fromwhosepointofviewisthestorytold?Whateffectdoesthispointofviewhaveonthestory?2.Whatarethequestionsdiscussedbythehusbandandwife?Whataretheirviewsonthesequestions?3.Inthehusbandsremarksaboutblackpeopleandforeigners,whoare“we”and“they”respectively?Whatisthehusbandsattitudetowards“them”?4.Howwelldoesthehusbandknowhiswife?Citeevidencefromthetexttosupportyourpoint.5.Gatherallthethingsthehusbanddoesinthestoryandjudgewhetherheisaconsideratehusband.6.WBTRQuestions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWarming upUnit 2Say Yes Questions/ActivitiesWBTRFormgroupsof4,discussthefollowingtwoquestions,andkeeparecordofyouropinionstoseewhethertheywillchangeasthetextisanalyzedindetail.1.Isthemanagoodhusband?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.2.Isthemanaracist?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.WarmingupCheck-on PreviewWBTRWarminguppitchinonpinchresorttomopspraysnapthroughdemonstratebluroutcomeupwiththistrickthehouseworkthesilverwarethefloorherbrowsherindifferencethepagestherightanswerthestarsMatch the verbs with the nouns.Check-on PreviewWBTRWarmingupMark the following statements T for true and F for false.1.Thestoryissetinthe1960sintheUSwhenracialissueswerehotoneverybodysmindandlips.2.Thestoryhappenedbetweentwomiddle-agedpeoplewhohadbeenmarriedforabout30years.3.Themanhadneverthoughtthathewasaracistandfeltgreatlywrongedbyhiswifewhoimpliedthis.4.Themanwasconsiderate,rationalandforgivingwhilehiswifewasselfish,emotionalandridiculous.5.Thehusbandhadknownallalongwhathiswifewantedfromhim,butsimplydidntwanttogiveintoher.6.Afterthehusbandturnedoffthelight,someonebrokeintotheirhouseandmadesomestrangenoise.FTTFTFObjectivesWBTRKnowsomethingabouttheauthorandhisworks;GathersomebackgroundinformationaboutracismandsexismintheUS;Learntoappreciateashortstory;Learntousethelanguageitemslisted;Understandthestoryandappreciateitssubtlety;ThinkaboutthethemesandformyourownopinionsWarmingupBackgroundCulture TipsAuthorUnit 2GenreTimeBWTRSay Yes BackgroundAuthor LifeBWTRTobias Wolff(1945-)BorninAlabamaUSAin1945.Parentsdivorcedwhenhewasaboy;traveledwidelywithhismother;soonforcedtoendurelifeunderhisstrictandcruelstepfather.From1964to1968,lieutenantwiththeU.S.ArmySpecialForces(GreenBerets)inVietnam.B.A.(1972)andM.A.(1975)fromOxfordUniversitywithFirstClassHonorsinEnglish,asecondM.A.fromStanford.Areveredwriter&teacherofcreativewritingandliteratureinStanfordandelsewhere.BackgroundHis WorksBWTRShortstories(OHenryAward):“IntheGardenoftheNorthAmericanMartyrs”(1981)“NextDoor”(1982)“Sister”(1985)Our Story Begins(shortstorycollectionin2003,TheStoryPrizein2004)Memoirs:This Boys Life:A Memoir(1989)In Pharaohs Army:Memories of the Lost War(1994)Novels:The Barracks Thief(1984,PEN/FauknerAwardforFiction)Old School(2003)This Boys LifeFilm Poster BackgroundHis StyleBWTRAdirectwritingstyle,obeyingthe“show,donttell”maxim,leavingmuchtothereadersintuitionNon-dramatic,focusingmoreonthepsychologicaldimensionsofacharacterindilemmasthanonplotdevelopmentOftenunderstated,forcingreaderstobecomeengagedinthecollectionofstrandsthatwillresultinthefullcomprehensionofastory.Exploringalienation,thenatureoflying,andtheessentialfoundationsofrelationshipsHopingtoinstructandinspirepeopletotriumphovertheirsituationsthroughcharacterchangeanddevelopmentBackgroundTimeBWTRThe1980swasadecadeledbyRepublicanpolicy.RonaldReagantookofficeaspresidentoftheUnitedStatesin1980,servedtwoterms,andthenwassucceededbyhisvicepresident,GeorgeBush.Reaganheldconservativepoliticalbeliefs,bothonthedomesticfrontandwhenitcametoforeignpolicy.Althoughhiseconomicprogramsbroughtthenationalinflationratedown,theyalsoseemedtofavorthewealthy.Bythe1980s,astheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionbuiltupastockpileofnuclearweapons,thecoldwarhadbeenongoingforalmostfortyyears.Reagan,anardentopponentofcommunism,encouragedhisadministrationtogreatlyincreasemilitaryspending.The Republican YearsBackgroundCulture TipsBWTRDefinition:Racismisprejudiceordiscriminationbasedonthebeliefthatraceistheprimaryfactordetermininghumantraitsandabilities.Racismincludesthebeliefthatgeneticorinheriteddifferencesproducetheinherentsuperiorityorinferiorityofoneraceoveranother.Institutionalracism:e.g.theJimCrowlawsintheUSfrom1876to1965mandatingsegregationinallpublicfacilitiesinthesouthernstatesoftheformerConfederacywithasupposedly“separatebutequal”statusfortheblackAmericans;officiallyoverruledwiththeCivilRightsActof1964andtheVotingRightsActof1965.Overtandsubtleracism:TheCivilRightsMovementdidawaymuchovertracism,butracismpersistsinmanysubtleforms,inmanyaspectsandonmanylevels.Racism BackgroundBWTRCulture TipsRace&MarriageDespitethepublicoppositiontointerracialmarriage,in1948,theCaliforniaSupremeCourtbecamethefirststatehighcourttodeclareabanoninterracialmarriageunconstitutional.Thedecisionwascontroversial,courageousandcorrect.Atthattime,38statesstillforbadeinterracialmarriage,and6didsobystateconstitutionalprovision.Then,in1967,theU.S.SupremeCourtstruckdowntheremaininginterracialmarriagelawsnation-wide.BackgroundBWTRCulture TipsSexism Aswithracism,overtsexismisnotverymuchondisplaynowinmuchoftheworld.Butsubtlesexismpersistsandcanbefoundeverywhereatalltime.Itisaclusterofsocialexpectationsandpracticesthatreinforcesex-basedinequality.Forexample:Atschool:moreboysinscienceclassesandmoregirlsinartsclasses(“boysarelogicalwhilegirlsareimaginative”)Atwork:amalebossandafemalesecretary,andrarelytheotherwayaround(wehave“careerwomen”and“familymen”butno“careermen”and“familywomen”)Athome:houseworkregardedasthewifesresponsibilitywhethershehasafull-timejobornot(thehusbandreputedasaconsiderateonebecausehe“pitchedinonthehousework”)BackgroundGenreBWTRA Short StorySetting:kitchen,cleaningupafterdinner,USA,1980sCharacters:husband&wife,white,middle-aged,middle-classConflict:differentviewsoninterracialmarriagesPlot:casualtalk,argument,fight,hurtfeelings,failedattemptatreconciliationNarrativepointofview:3rdperson,thehusbandCharacterization:showinginsteadoftellingDetailedAnalysisStructureTheme TWBRSay Yes Unit 2Text Analysis视频视频TextAnalysisStructureTWBRThe argument:The husband disapproved interracial marriages on the ground of cultural differences while the wife approved on the ground of love.The wound:The wife was hurt;the husband helped her quickly and hoped she would reward him by letting go of the topic.The question:The wife persistently asked whether her husband would marry her if she were black and got a straight no in the end.The anger:The husband felt deeply hurt by his wifes indifference to him but then decided to forgive her out of love.The stranger:When the husband tried to make up with his wife,he found her a stranger despite three decades of marriage.Para.1-18Para 19-24Para 25-44Para 45-48Para 49-57 TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisMainIdeaSentenceParaphraseWords&ExpressionsExerciseTWBRPart I Part II Part III Part IV Part VTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:MainIdea1.Whatisthesettingofthestory?(thefictionaltime,thehistoricaltime,theplace)2.Whoarethemaincharacters?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?3.Whatistheconflictofthestory?4.Howdidthewifefeelwhenherhusbandsaiditwasabadideaforwhitepeopletomarryblackpeople?5.Howdidthehusbandshowthathewasnotaracist?6.Whyshouldntwhitepeoplemarryblackpeople,accordingtothehusband?Isthisreasonjustifiable?7.Howdidthewiferetortherhusband?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentencesAfewmonthsearlierhedoverheardafriendofhiswifescongratulatingheronhavingsuchaconsideratehusband.(para.1)Questions:1.Howdidthemanearnthereputationofaconsideratehusband?Whatdoyouthinkofthisreputation?2.Whatdidthehusbandfeelabouthisreputation?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:SentencesSometimeshiswifegotthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowstogetherandbitherlowerlip.Whenhesawherlikethisheknewheshouldkeephismouthshut,butheneverdid.Actuallyitmadehimtalkmore.(para.4)Question:What does this show about the husband?relative adverb introducing a relative clause to modify“look”Compare:1.He was wondering about the strange look that he saw on the face of his wife.(relative pronoun)2.When he is displeased he has this look where his eyes are narrowed and brows closely knitted.(relative adverb)3.I saw a movie last night which was real junk.4.I saw a movie last night where there was a lot of violence.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:Sentences“But thats different.A person from their culture and a person from our culture could never really know each other.”“Like you know me?”his wife asked.“Yes.Like I know you.”“How can you understand someone who comes from a completely different background?”“Different,”said his wife.“Not the same,like us.”“Yes,different,”he snapped,angry with her for resorting to this trick of repeating his words so that they sounded hypocritical.(para.10-18)Questions:1.Whydidthewifeconstantlybringthemselvesinforcomparison?2.Dotheyreallyknoweachother?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:LanguageWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammaroverhearSomehowsnapdo/drythedishespitchin(on/withsth.)Congratulatesb.onsth.TakemywordforitBreakupResortto this look where she pinched her brows hed overheard a friend congratulating herall things considered,it was a bad idea.I dont need you coming along and implying 视频视频TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:ExerciseTranslate the following sentences,and pay special attention to the underlined parts.1.Mybrotherpitchedinwithanoffertoloanussomemoney.2.Herhusbandreallypitchedinonhousework.3.Theentirecompanypitchedintohelp.4.Channel4arrivedandsomehowcreatedadifferentrolefortelevision.5.Hesbeenveryquietandwithdrawn,sortofdifferent,somehow.6.Contemporarycareerwomenoftenfindthemselvesinasituationwheretheyhavetosacrificetheircareerfortheirfamily.7.Takemywordforit,timewillhealallwoundsandcureallpains.8.Dontsnapatme!Itsnotmyfaultthatyoulostyourwallet.9.Shesnappedthesuitcaseshutandleftangrily.10.Peopleoftenresorttobodylanguagewhenwordsfail.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartI:Exercise1.1.我弟弟主动借钱给我。我弟弟主动借钱给我。2.2.她丈夫真的帮她做家务。她丈夫真的帮她做家务。3.3.公司所有人都来帮忙了。公司所有人都来帮忙了。4.4.第四频道开播了，从某种意义上改变了电视的作用。第四频道开播了，从某种意义上改变了电视的作用。5.5.他最近非常安静内向，好像有点不一样了。他最近非常安静内向，好像有点不一样了。6.6.当代职业女性常会面临不得不为了家庭牺牲自己事业的情况。当代职业女性常会面临不得不为了家庭牺牲自己事业的情况。7.7.相信我，时间会治疗一切伤痛。相信我，时间会治疗一切伤痛。8.8.别冲我嚷嚷！你丢了钱包又不是我的错！别冲我嚷嚷！你丢了钱包又不是我的错！9.9.她啪的一声关上手提箱，怒气冲冲地走掉了。她啪的一声关上手提箱，怒气冲冲地走掉了。10.10.词不达意时人们常借助于肢体语言。词不达意时人们常借助于肢体语言。TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:MainIdea1.Whatdidthehusbanddowhenthewifesfingergothurt?Whatdoesthisshow?2.Whatdidthehusbandexpectfromhiswife?Whatdoesthisshow?3.Isthecutsymbolicofsomething?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:SentencesHehopedthatsheappreciatedhowquicklyhehadcometoheraid.Hedactedoutofconcernforher,hethoughtthatitwouldbeanicegestureonherpartnottostartupthatconversationagain,ashewastiredofit.(para.21)done by hercome to help herbecause he cared about herQuestion:What does this show about the husband?Paraphrasing:Hehopedthathiswifewasgratefulthathehadhelpedhersoquickly.Hediditbecausehereallycaredaboutherandhethoughtthatsheshouldshowherconcernforhiminreturnbynotcontinuingtheconversationbecausehedidnotwantto.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:LanguageWordsPhrasesPlungeRummageDabOut of concern forOn her partTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:ExerciseTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingwordsinthebrackets.1.1.他把脸扎进一盆冷水里，想借此清醒清醒头脑。他把脸扎进一盆冷水里，想借此清醒清醒头脑。(plunge)2.2.现在看来什么也不能阻止这个国家陷入一片混乱。现在看来什么也不能阻止这个国家陷入一片混乱。(plunge)3.3.有些婚姻因性格不合而破裂，有的因原则问题而破裂。有些婚姻因性格不合而破裂，有的因原则问题而破裂。(break)4.4.我们会尽可能地提供帮助，但也需要你们做出努力。我们会尽可能地提供帮助，但也需要你们做出努力。(part)5.5.为了关心在寒冷的冬夜里无家可归的人们，政府设立了为了关心在寒冷的冬夜里无家可归的人们，政府设立了这些临时收容所。这些临时收容所。(concern)TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartII:ExerciseKey to the translation:1.Heplungedhisfaceintoabowlofcoldwatertoclearuphismind.2.Itseemsthatnothingcansavethecountryfromitsplungeintochaos.3.Somemarriagesbreakupbecauseofpersonalityclashesandsomebecauseofprincipleproblems.4.Welldoallwecantohelpbuteffortsonyourpartarealsorequired.5.Thegovernmentsetupthesetemporarysheltersoutofconcernforthehomelessonthecoldwinternights.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:MainIdea1.Howdidthewifepursuetheargumentafterthehusbanddressedherwound?Whydidshedoso?2.“TheonlyblackgirlIeverknewwasmypartnerinthedebatingclub.”(para.28)Isthisremarkcontrarytowhathesaidinthefirstpart?3.Whatdidthehusbandmeanwhenhesaid“ifyouwereblackyouwouldntbeyou?”Doyouagree?4.Whydidthehusbandfeelcornered?5.Didthehusbandknowwhatwasexpectedofhim?6.Whydidthehusbandrefusetosay“yes”?TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:SentencesTherewasnopossiblewayofarguingwiththefactthatshewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.(para.32)introducing an appositive clause which explains what the fact isQuestion:Whatdidthehusbandmean?Compare:1.Doyouaccepttheviewthatpeoplefromdifferentculturesshouldnotmarry?2.Doyouaccepttheviewthatissopopularamongthestudents?1.Appositiveclause2.RelativeclauseTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:LanguageWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarSubjunctive moodSprayUnattachedCornerPut it that waythe fact+that+appositive clauseTextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:ExerciseCompare the structure of the sentences and translate them into Chinese.1.Howdoyouexplainthefactthatmymissingpurseisunderyourpillow?(appositiveclause)2.Howdoyouexplainthefactthatwehavejustdiscovered?(relativeclause)3.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatweputasidesomemoneyeachmonthforatripinsummerholiday?4.Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatwediscussedjustnow?5.Icantacceptthereasonthatyousimplydidntgetmymessage.6.Icantacceptthereasonthatisclearlymadeupinahurry.TextAnalysisDetailed AnalysisPartIII:ExerciseLearn the subjunctive mood in the following sentences.1.Shewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.2.YouwouldnthavemarriedmeifIdbeenblack.3.Youwouldprobablyhavebeengoingoutwithablackguyifyouhadbeenblack.Respond to the following questions.1.Whatwouldyou