比较级和最高级的用法.doc

Comparatives and Superlatives 比较级和最高级一、形容词比较级和最高级的规则原 级比 较 级最 高 级一般在词尾加-er /或-est /ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r 或-st nicenicernicestlargelargerlargest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；再加-es或-est bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest在词前加more或mostseriousmore seriousmost seriousinterestingmore interestingMost interesting其它不规则的变化：原形比较级最高级Good/wellbetterbestBad/illworseWorstMany/muchmoreMostlittlelessLeastfarfartherfarthest二、形容词比较级基本用法1、定义：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than (比） eg: Cats are more lovely than other animals. 2、与than搭配的词语形式 （1）名词/代词 He is older than me.(2) 动名词/从句 Skiing is more exciting than skating. (3) 状语/动词/形容词3、形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语 （1）much/a lot/ a bit/ a little/ slightly She is feeling a lot/much better today. (2) any/ no/ even/ some/ still Do you feel any better today? She is no older than mike. (3) 数词 My sister is ten years younger than me. 4、比较级的特殊搭配1) “比较级+and+比较级”表示 “越来越”eg: He becomes fatter and fatter. 他越来越胖了。2) “The +比较级，the +比较级” 表示 “越，越”eg：The busier he is ,the happier he feels他越忙就越高兴。The more ,the better.3) 表示两者中”较“时，用the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语来表达。eg: He is the taller of the two.4) the more the morehe harder you worker, the greater you will make.5) more B than A = less A than BHe is more lazy than slow at his work= he is less slow than lazy at his work.6) not so much as 与其说不如是7) no/not any more than 两个都不（neither）No/ not any less than8) More than 不仅仅是 Less than 不到No less than 不少于9) more or less 差不多The work is more or less finished.10) As+形容词/副词 原级+as (与一样） not as(so)as （与不一样）中间用原级。eg: The story is as interesting as that one.11) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语，放在as的前面She can read twice as fast as you do.12)1、比较级与最高级可以转换，意思不变。如： She is taller than any other girl in Class5. She is the tallest girl in Class5.2、当某一事物与其它事物作比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。如： Shanghai is larger than any city in Hubei.3、如果比较对象相同，可用 thatthose代替第二个比较对象 。如： The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan. 4、如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词. eg: His shirt is more expensive than mine.三、最高级的用法1、定义：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。表示“最”的意思。2、常见用法：the+最高级+比较范围”结构。 The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.3、标志词：(1) in+大范围,(2) over(3) among(4) of all, of +the+具体的数字 4、特殊用法（1）序数词通常只修饰最高级 Canada is the second largest country in the world.（2） 最高级的意义有时能用比较级表示出来 比较级+than+any other+单数名词（有other 强调在同一范围之内） He is heavier than any other student in his class. =He is the heaviest student in his class. Mike is the most intelligent in his class.= Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. (3) （4）不用比较级和最高级的形容词注意：在一定的上下文中，形容词最高级后面的名词可省去处 eg: He is the youngest in the class.6. 当形容词最高级有形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，最高级前的定冠词 the 省略。 e.g. Linda is my sisters best friend.练一练一、 写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级1. old _ _ 2. busy _ _3. thin _ _4. many _ _5. slow _ _6. delicious _ _二、选择正确的答案1. Bob never does his homework_ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 2.Now air in our town is _ than it used to be. Something must be done to it.A. very good B. much better C. rather than D. even worse3. I feel _ better than yesterday. A. more B. very C. much D. far4. China has a large population人口 than _ in the world.A. all the countries B. every country C. any country D. any other country7.This ring looks _ and_ sells_. A. well, well B. good, nice C. nice, good D. nice, well10.I didnt go shopping yesterday.He didnt _. A. so B. either C. too C. neither11._ delicious the food is! A.How B . how a C. What D. What a12. What animal do like _? I like all kinds of animals.A. better B. best C. very D. well13.Hainan is a very large island岛屿. Its the second_ island in China.A.large B. larger C. largest D. most large15.A horse is _ than a dog. A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.more heavy三.用所给词的恰当形式填空。1.Which is _ (big) ,the sun,the moon or the earth?2.Which is _ (beautiful),the black coat or the blue one?3.This mooncake is _ (cheap) of all.4.He is _ (strong) in the class. (四)翻译句子： 1你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _ _ _ of two.2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother. 3 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday. 5 他比我大两岁。He is _ _ _ than I. 6所有铅笔中这支铅笔最长。The pencil is _ _ _ _.7、在学校里我们英语老师最忙。Our English teacher is _ _ in our school.8、这个问题太容易了，大家都能回答。The question is _ _.Everyone can answer it.9、黄河是中国第二长河。The Yellow River is _ _ _ river in China.10、梅梅的帽子比苗苗的新。Meimeis hat is _ _ _.