shouldhavedone的用法.doc

should have done 的用法
1.should用于表示惊奇和欣喜的句子中，表示“竟然”、“居然”等含义
1). Why should the door be locked?为什么居然把门锁起来了?
2). It is wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years. 这几年中你们竟然取得如此大的成就，真了不起!（注意这里主语从句内出现时间状语in these years，一般要求用现在完成时，而使用should是为了表示惊异、赞叹意味。
2.should have done 表示竟然做了某事，体现说话者一种惊奇、惊讶、不相信的语气：
The painting considered to have been copied should have won the prize.
那副被认为是复制品的画竟然获得了大奖。
3.should have done 还可以表示“本来应该做某事而实际上没有做”
You should have finished your homework earlier, but you didn't。

注意：
should have done只用于谈论过去情况，主要有两个用法：一是用于推测过去已经发生的情况，二是用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的情况。如：
You should have told me so before. 你早就应该告诉我。
He should have arrived by now. 此时他本该到了。
Look at the time! We should have been at the theatre ten minutes ago. 瞧都什么时候了! 十分钟前我们就该到戏院了。

附：有关should的用法：
一、作shall的过去式，多用于间接引语中，表示“提议、探询、许诺、要求、命令、决定、必要”等。
1. She asked me if she should open the window.
2 She said she should buy me a dictionary.
3. Should I type these letters for you?(提议、探询)
二、用于虚拟语气中，作虚拟语气的标志词。
1. We should never have built the bridge without your help.(与过去相反)
2. If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go out.(与将来相反)
3. She insisted that we (should) stay.
4. His order is that we (should) do that at once.
三、表示“推断”， 作“可能、应该、会是”等。
1.Let me know if you should hear some more news?
2. I told Sally to fix him up with his job, but perhaps I should have written it out for her.
3. I felt sure that we should meet again.
4. The effect of tax should be felt in higher prices.
四表示“应该、应当”，比must预期稍弱，同义词为ought to。
1. Everyone should know some first aid.
2. You shouldn’t move if you are badly hurt.
3. Elder brothers should take care of their younger brothers and sisters.
五、表示客气和委婉的语气。
1. I would be very grateful if you should let me know about it.
2. I should say that you have done much to me.
六、表示“责备”或“后悔”。
1. I was really anxious about you. You shouldn’t have left home without a word.(责备)
2. I shouldn’t have said such a thing.（后悔）
七、表示“吃惊”，作“居然、竟然、不以为然”讲。
1. Why should any object to her enjoying herself?
2. I can’t think why he should have been so angry.
3. When I was going out of the store, who should I meet but my former classmate!
4. How should I know?
八、用于一些固定结构中。
1. I should… 如果我是你, 我就会……
2. I should like… 我想…… （做某事）
3. I should have thought… 我还以为…… （表示惊奇）
4. I should think…. 我看（想）……