6语用练习..ppt

Exercises to PragmaticsPragmatics:1.What is Pragmatics?2.Why do we have to study Pragmatics,since we have semantics?3.What are the 4 deixis?4.Speech Act Theory5.Performative and Constative 6.The theory of Illocutionary Act7.CP PP2.Semantics is the study of meaning that comes from pure linguistic knowledge Pragmatics concerns all the aspects of meaning that cannot be preticted by linguistic knowledge alone and takes into account knowledge about the physical and social world.So pragmatics is the study of meaning that is not accounted for in semantics.1.According to C.Morris and R.Carnap,_C_ studies the relationship between symbols and their interpreters of a listener.A.Syntax B.SemanticsC.Pragmatics D.Sociolinguistics 2.There are _A_deixis in the sentence“she has sold it here yesterday.”.A.3 B.4 C.5 D.63.We can do things with words-this is the main idea of _A_.A.the Speech Act Theory B.the Co-operative principles C.the Polite principles D.pragmatics4._A_refers to the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense and reference.A.Locutionary act B.Illocutionary act C.Perlocutionary act D.Speech act5._C_ may be used as an example of indirect speech act.A.“Ill declare Mr.Williams election tomorrow.”B.“Good morning!”C.“could you open the window?”D.“I command you to report at 6 in the morning tomorrow.”6.A:Lets get something to kids.B:Okey,but not I-C-E C-R-E-A-M-S.In the conversation B violets the _D_.A:Quantity Maxim B.Quality Maxim C.Relevance Maxim D.Clarity Maxim 7.A:I really like the dinner.B:Im vegetarian.There is a _C_ violation in the conversation.A.Quantity B.Quality C.Relevance D.Clarity 8.A:How are you?B:Im dead.There is a _C_ violation in the conversation.A.Quantity B.Quality C.Relevance D.Clarity 9.A:Would you like a cocktail?Its my own invention.B:Well,mmm uh its not that we dont drink.There is a _C_ violation in the conversation.A.Quantity B.Quality C.Relevance D.Clarity 10.A:Are you going to Steves barbecue?B:A barbecue is an outdoor party.There is a _C_ violation in the conversation.A.Quantity B.Quality C.Relevance C.Clarity11.Pragmatics differs from traditional semantics in that it studies meaning not in isolation,but in _D_.A.relationship B.dependence C.sentence D.context 12.To analyze the following sentences _C_ is Performative.A.You congratulate me.B.I envy you.C.I command you to put out that cigarette.D.I warned you not to go.13._B_ act expresses the intention of the speaker.A.Locutionary B.Illocutionary C.Perlocutionary D.Speech act14.A:Do you know where Mr.Brown is?B:Somewhere in the suburbs of the city.Speaker B violates the maxim of _A_.A.quantity B.quality C.Relevance D.Clarity15.A:The hostess is an awful bore.Do you think?B:The roses in the garden are beautiful,arent they?Speaker B violates the maxim of _C_.A.quality B.quantity C.Relevance D.Clarity16.A:This bag is a little bit heavy.B:Let me help you.What is the illocutionary act of speaker A?A.This bag is heavy.B.I dont want to carry it away.C.Could you help me with this bag?D.Im very happy about it.17.A:The dress she is wearing is beautiful,isnt it?B:The pattern is nice.What cooperative maxim does speaker B observe?A.Quality B.Quantity C.Relevance D.Clarity18.Speech Act Theory was proposed by _A_ in the late 50s of the 20th century.A.John Austin B.John Searle C.Paul Grice D.Chomsky19.One of the contributions _B_ has made is his classification of illocutionary acts.A.John Austin B.John Searle C.Paul Grice D.Halliday20.Cooperative principle was found by _A_.A.Paul Grice B.John Searle C.John Austin D.Levinson 21.According to Austins Speech Act theory,the actual uttering of a sentence with a particular meaning is called _B_.A.Perlocutionary B.locutionary C.illocutionary D.indirect speech.22.A(n)”_B_”means that some sentences,in the utterance and the seeming performance of a speech act,perform a certain illocutionary act indirectly.A.direct speech act B.indirect speech act C.illocutionary act D.utterance23.The _A_ provided great philosophical insight into the nature of linguistic communication.A.speech act theory B.CP theory C.communicative competence D.linguistic competence 24.According to Austin,Speech Acts fall into _C_ general categories.A.four B.two C.three D.five 25._A_ resulted mainly from the expansion of the study of linguistics,especially that of semantics.A.Pragmatics B.pragmatism C.phonology D.Practicalism26.Once the notion of _D_ was taken into consideration,semantics spilled into pragmatics.A.meaning B.content C.form D.context27._D_ act theory is an important in the pragmatic study of language.A.Speaking B.Spoken C.Sound D.Speech 28.All the utterances that can be made to serve the same purpose may vary in their _A_ form.A.syntactic B.semantic C.grammatical D.pragmatic 29.Of the three acts,Pragmatists are more interested in the B_.A.locutionary act B.perlocutionary act C.illocutionary act D.none of the above 30.The maxim of quality requires,do not say what you believe to be _A_.A.false B.true C.brief D.orderly 31.Most of the violations of the maxims of the CP give rise to _C_.A.utterance meaning B.speech act theory C.conversational implicatures D.all of the above32.Pragmatics is a study of A.language learning B.language acquisition C.language planning D.language in use 33.The significance of Grices CP lies in the fact that it explains how it is possible for the speaker to convey _A_ that which is literally said.A.more than B.less than C.the same as D.none of the above34.If a sentence is regarded as what people actually utter in the course of communication,it becomes _D_.A.a sentence B.an act C.a unit D.an utterance 35.The part of the response to the speech acted by the hearer is _C_.A.Locution B.Illocution C.Perlocution D.Direct action36._D_ may perform an act but lay stress on describing the action.A.Speech Act Theory B.Perlocution C.Performative D.Constative37.A:Good luck to you!B:Thank you.What politeness principle does speaker A observe?A.Generosity maxim B.Tact maxim C.Modesty maxim D.Agreement maxim38.“What a marvelous dinner you cooked!”What politeness maxim does the speaker of the utterance observe?A.Sympathy maxim B.Approbation maxim C.Modesty maxim D.Agreement maxim 39.“I swear I have never seen the man before.”This sentence is a _.A.performative B.Constative C.indirect speech D.procedure40.Conversational Implicature can be_.A.Calculability B.Cancellability C.Non-Conventionality D.all of aboveII.True or false questions 1.Speech act theory was proposed by Austin and has been developed by Grice.F2.Searle suggests 5 basic categories of illocutionary acts as follows:assertives,commissives,expressives,directive and declaratives.T3.“We can do things with words”-this is the main idea of the Speech Act Theory.T4.“I hereby declare war”is the typical utterance of“speech act theory”.T5.At first,Austin classifies utterances into two types:constatives and performatives.T6.“Locution”means the speakers intention.F7.“Perlocution”is used to bring effects on the hearer.T8.“Can you pass me the salt,please?”is a question,but it is a direct speech act.F9.In a certain sense pragmatics studies how words influence the interpretation of utterances.T10.“Pragmatics“is the study of meaning that is not accounted for in semantics.T11.“In Semantics”the sentence meaning should be studied.T12.“In pragmatics”the utterance meaning should be studied.T 13.The CP Principle,put forward by P.Grice,has four maxims,for writing as well as speaking.F14.Deixis is a technical term for one of the most basic things we do with utterances.T15.“Whats that?”that is a location deixis.F Pragmatics is concerned with the study of _16_ as communicated by a speaker and interpreted by a listener.It has consequently _17_ to do with the analysis of what people mean by their utterances than what the words or phrases in those utterances might mean by _18_._19_ is the study of speaker meaning.16.A.speech B.meaning C.utterance D.communication 17.A.less B.impossible C.possible D.more18.A.itself B.himself C.themselves D.yourself19.A.Semantics B.Context C.Syntax D.PragmaticsIf semantics is the study of _1D_that comes from purely linguistic knowledge pragmatics concerns all the _A_of meaning that cannot be predicted by linguistic knowledge alone and takes into account knowledge about the physical and _3C_world.So pragmatics is the study of meaning that is not accounted for in_4B_.a)aspects b)semantics c)social d)meaningSemantics and _1_are complementary to_2_ hence complementarism.According to Morriss trichotomy,_3_ is the study of the formal relation of signs to one another,_4_ is the study of the relation of signs to the objects to which the signs are applicable,and pragmatics is the study of the relation of signs to_5_.a)each other b)Pragmaticsc)semantics d)interpreterse)syntax2)If semantics is the study of _1_that comes from purely 2)If semantics is the study of _1_that comes from purely linguistic knowledge pragmatics concerns all the _2_of linguistic knowledge pragmatics concerns all the _2_of meaning that cannot be predicted by linguistic knowledge alone meaning that cannot be predicted by linguistic knowledge alone and takes into account knowledge about the physical and and takes into account knowledge about the physical and _3_world.So pragmatics is the study of meaning that is not _3_world.So pragmatics is the study of meaning that is not accounted for in_4_.accounted for in_4_.a)aspects b)semantics c)social d)meaninga)aspects b)semantics c)social d)meaning3)Semantics and _1_are complementary to_2_ hence 3)Semantics and _1_are complementary to_2_ hence complementarismcomplementarism.According to Morriss.According to Morriss trichotomytrichotomy,_3_ is ,_3_ is the study of the formal relation of signs to one another,_4_ the study of the formal relation of signs to one another,_4_ is the study of the relation of signs to the objects to which the is the study of the relation of signs to the objects to which the signs are applicable,and pragmatics is the study of the signs are applicable,and pragmatics is the study of the relation of signs to_5_.relation of signs to_5_.a)each other b)Pragmaticsa)each other b)Pragmaticsc)semantics d)interpretersc)semantics d)interpreterse)syntaxe)syntax