专四练习(独立主格结构).doc

例题整理
1. 历年真题
1) The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars______ the most important of these. （1994年第57题）
A. have been B. are C. being D. are being
【译文】这个国家的主要出口物有煤、汽车和棉制品, 其中汽车是最重要的一种。
【答案】C
【解析】前半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项A、选项B与选项D。再根据句子分析，独立主格结构相当于条件状语从句，故选C。
2) _____no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. (1996年第51题)
A. there was B. since C. being D. there being
【译文】因为没有事情需要警惕，老人回到他的卧室里。
【答案】D
【解析】后半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项A。选项B不合语法规则，故排除。独立主格结构相当于条件状语从句，表原因。故选D。
3) There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. （2000年第45题）
A. to be B. to have been C. Being D. be
【译文】由于没有什么可讨论的，会议提早半个小时就结束了。
【答案】C
【解析】后半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故排除选项D；第一部分的意思应该是There being nothing more for discussion= Because there was nothing more for discussion,独立主格结构相当于原因状语从句。故选择C。
4) Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop. （2003年第51题）
A. is B. been C. be D. being
【译文】农业是这个国家主要的经济来源，到目前为止小麦是最重要的谷类作物。
【答案】D
【解析】根据结构，主句已经完整，故排除选项A与C；选项在句子中作状语，因此需要一个非谓语动词构成独立主格结构，故选项D being正确。
5) Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled. 2003年第58题）
A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. permits
【译文】如果时间允许的话，庆祝活动将会如期举行。
【答案】B
【解析】后半句为主句，且已经完整，故排除选项A、选项C与选项D，第一部分的意思应该是Time permitting=If time permits,独立主格结构相当于条件状语从句。因此只能选择选项B。

2. 模拟题：
1) All the investigations______ before the deadline, the staff decided to have a party as a celebration.
A. been fulfilled B. had been fulfilled C. were fulfilled D. having been fulfill
【译文】因为所有的调查在最后期限前完成，员工决定举行一个聚会来庆祝。
【答案】D
【解析】后半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项B、C。根据句子分析，调查已经完成，用完成时，独立主格结构相当于原因状语从句。因此只能选择选项D。
2) Our picnic______ by the unexpected heavy rain, we went home depressed
A. was spoiled B. had been spoiled C. having spoiled D. having been spoiled
【译文】我们的野餐被意外的大雨给破坏了,我们只好沮丧地回家了。
【答案】D
【解析】后半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项A、B。根据句子分析，野餐被破坏，用被动语态，独立主格结构相当于原因状语从句。故选D。
3）All flights ____ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A. had been cancelled B. were cancelled
C. have been cancelled D. having been cancelled
【译文】因为暴风雪，所有航班被取消，许多乘客只好坐火车。
【答案】D

【解析】后半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项A、B与C。根据句子 分析，航班是被取消，用被动语态，独立主格结构相当于原因状语从句。
4）When I finish the story, Lenin jumped up from his chair and started pacing the floor, ____, deep in thought.
A. with his head bending B. in his head bent
C. his head bending D. his head bent
【译文】我讲完故事后，列宁从椅子上跳了起来，开始在屋里踱来踱去,低着头，陷入沉思。
【答案】D
【解析】his head bent 是独立主格结构，his head 是逻辑主语，bent 是逻辑谓语。独立结构相当于伴随状态，故选D。
5）The internet will be used to enable customers to shop from the comfort of their homes by simply ordering via the computer screen, payment by direct debit of their credit cards.
A. making it B. is madeC. being made D. will be made
【译文】人们将使用网络在家里舒舒服服地购物，可以通过电脑屏幕进行订货，所需支付的款项可直接从信用卡扣除。
【答案】C
【解析】前半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项B与D。再根据句子分析，所需的款项被扣除，因采用被动语态，独立主格结构相当于原因状语从句。
6）The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ______ on benches, chairs or boxes.
A. having seated B. seating C. seated D. having been seated
【译文】这些促销通常在室外发生,有许多观众坐在长凳、椅子或箱子上。
【答案】C
【解析】前半个句为完整的句子，此句为 “with+名词+分词”复合结构，seated为过去分词，故选C。
7）_______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
A. Other things being equal B. To be equal to other things
C. Were other things equal D. Other things to be equal
【译文】在其他因素不变的情况下,能有效地表达自我的人比表达能力差的人成功得快的多。
【答案】A
【解析】选项A为名词+现在分词构成的独立主格结构，逻辑主语为other things, 与主句的主语a man 不同。选项B、Ｃ与句义不符。选项Ｄ为名词+不定式构成的独立主格结构，表将来的动作，与题意不符。故选A.
8）We left the meeting, there obviously ________ no point in staying.
A. were B. being C. to be D. having
【译文】我们离开了会议,因为显然已经没有呆下去的意义了。
【答案】B
【解析】前半句为主句，且句子已经完整，故先排除选项A。独立主格结构相当 于原因状语从句。因此选择选项C.