爆破音课件-Consonants-Stops-Chen.pdf

Consonants:StopsUnit 2 pp12辅音:按声带振动方式分类清辅音（声带不震动，只送气）p t k f J s0 t；ts tr h浊辅音（声带震动，不送气）b d g v 3 z6 d3 dz dr r I j w按照发音方法分类 爆破音:P b t d k g 摩擦音:f v 9 d s z f 3 h r 破擦音:tf d3 ts dz tr dr 鼻音:m n n 半元音：D w 舌边音：I爆破音(Plosive/Stops)pb td k g发音方法：使气流在口腔某处成阻，再让气流冲 决阻碍，爆破生音，因此叫爆破音。Textbook introduction p12p b为双唇爆破音t d为舌端齿龈爆破音k g为舌后软颗爆破音p t k发音时声带不振动，叫做清辅音;b d g发音时声带振动，叫做浊辅音。pay put sip cup open发音方法：1.紧闭双唇，形成阻塞，阻止气流流出2.然后突然分开双唇，气流冲出口腔，同时发出爆破的声音3.发音时声带不震动p单词精读练习：pocket 口袋 spacepay 支付 Spainpaper 纸 spark空间 西班牙 火花p短语速读练习paint a picture a pretty present a piece of paper pay the billa very expensive pursep绕口令口腔肌肉练习：Peters plane is plainly painted.Peter的飞机画得很简单清楚。Peter is paid plenty to paint planes.Peter画飞机赚了很多钱。S后面的发音变化p-b sport speakt d star stopk g sky skin/p/的音位变体p13/p/在词首且在重读音节中，是送气音如poke；处于词尾时，可能失去爆破，如top tea；在/s/后形成辅音连缀时，/p/不送气，如spot；两个/p/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，而只是延长发 音的时间，如stop Pete；/p/后紧跟鼻音时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，就是 我们通常说的“鼻腔爆破”，如Stop him；回club tube garbage lab rabbit发音方法：1.先将双唇紧闭，憋住气，形成阻塞2.然后分开双唇，气流冲出口腔，同时发出爆破的声音3.浊辅音，送气力量稍弱，声带震动回单词精读练习：bus 公共汽车boat box 盒子 buildbird 鸟 beach船 建造 沙滩回短语速读练习：black and blue bread and butter as blind as a bat青一块紫一块黄油面包瞎得厉害Beauty and the Beast 美女与野兽回 绕口令口腔肌肉练习：Bills big brother is building a beautiful building between two big brick blocks.A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black back!/b/的音位变体：:处于词尾时，不完全爆破，如：rob the man；两个同相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延 长发音时间，如rob Bob；/b/在鼻音前时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，如rob himottell night ticket turtle ten发音方法:1.舌尖先紧贴上齿龈，憋住气2.然后舌尖迅速下降，气流冲出口腔,形成爆破音，但不震动声带单词精读练习：table 桌子light 光water 水time 时间telephone 电话 tool 工具句子一口气快读练习：Ted is taller than Tom.Not at all.Lefs have a rest.fed 比 Tom 高。没什么。让我们休息一下。绕口令口腔肌肉练习：Two ticket takers took a taxi.Too many teenagers tend to waste their time watching television.S后面的发音变化,pb s t-dL k-gsport speakstar stopsky skin/t/的音位变体pp13/V在词首且在重读音节中时,是送气音，如tape；当处于词尾时，可能失去爆破，如sit still；在/s/后形成辅音连缀时，/V在发音时不送气，如stop；当处于/。/之前时，呈齿音化发音，如eighth；/V后紧跟着鼻音时，爆破不在口腔而在鼻腔，即“鼻腔爆破”，如 button；当处于两个元音之间时，/V听起来近似闪音，如letter；当/t/位于成音节的/n/或八/前时，便成了声门爆破音，如little；两个/V相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发音的时间，如let Tim;当处于辅音组合/中时，发音兼具爆破与摩擦的特征，如train。ddog deep card bed bird发音方法：1.舌尖紧贴上齿龈，憋住气2.舌尖迅速下降，使气流冲出口腔送气的力量较弱，声带震动d单词精读练习:day dark日子黑暗的good 好的under red mind在下面 红的 介意d短语速读练习：a different ideaa cold daycry aloud suddenly a good child一个不同的想法寒冷的一天 突然大声喊 一个好孩子d 口腔肌肉练习：Dicks daughter Dianna doesnt like dancing.When a doctor doctors another doctor,does he doctor the doctored doctor the way the doctored doctor wants to be doctored or does he doctor the doctored doctor the way the doctoring doctor wants to doctor the doctor?/d/的音位变体p14 当处于齿间音（如/w/t/）之前时，呈齿音化发音，如 width；处于词尾时，不完全爆破，如Dad said so；当与/I/组合时，成为舌侧爆破音，如padlock；/d/在鼻音前时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，如 breadn butter;两个/b/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发音 时间，如sad Dave 处于辅音组合/dr7中时，发音兼具爆破和摩擦的特征,如drain。kkey desk card cup cold钥匙 桌子卡片 杯子寒冷的发音方法：1.舌后部隆起，紧贴软腭，憋住气2.舌后部迅速降低，使气流冲出口腔3发音时声带不震动k常见字母及发音组合：k:like,keep ch:chemistry,headachec:cat,come cc:account,accuseck:cock,sickk单词精读练习:occur cool lock school发生凉爽的锁学校ski 滑雪kite 风筝sky 天空knock 敲k短语速读a colorful picture take care a black desk look at the kite a cute clock一张色彩丰富的画 当心一张黑色的书桌 看这只风筝 一只可爱的钟k句子一 口气快读练习：Care killed a cat.I like chocolate.Practice makes perfect.He was killed in a car accident.k 口腔肌肉练习Keep clean socks in a clean sock stack.Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?Good cookies could be cooked by a good cook,if a good cook could cook good cookies.S后面的发音变化,pb S t-dL k-gsport speakstar stopsky skin/k/的音位变体p14：:;/k/位于词首，且在重读音节中时，是送气音，如keek.e 处于词尾时，可能失去爆破，如take three；在/s/后形成辅音连缀时,/k/在发音时不送气，如sky;当两个/k/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，而只是延长发 音的时间,intake Kim;当/k/后紧跟着鼻音时，此时爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔,即“鼻腔爆破”，如beacon;当与八/音组合时，成为舌侧爆破音，如clock；后跟前元音时，/k/的发音部位前移，如keen；位于成音节的/n/时，便成了声门爆破，如bacon；位于圆唇音之前时，发音时亦呈圆唇，如quarter.gleg glass gate goose again发音方法：1.先将舌后部隆起，紧贴软腭，憋住气2.舌后部迅速降低，使气流冲出口腔3.发音时，声带震动z-Wg常见字母及发音组合:g：game,girlgg：egg,luggageVariation:square squirrelg单词精读练习:guide 指引 guest 客人 beg 乞求good 好的dog 狗guess 猜go 去guy 家伙，伙计get 得到great 伟大的g短语速读forget the exam a great gun get angry with a guy green grass as good as goldg句子一 口气快读练习：He has gone to the school gate.A good beginning makes a good ending.He gazed at the fat goose with a gun.g 口腔肌肉练习 A big green bug bit a big white goose on his big white leg!A grown-up goat goes to the gate of the garden but sees a ghost eating grapes./g/的音位变体p15:当处于词尾时，不完全爆破，如lag behind;当两个/g/相邻时，无需产生两次爆破，只是延长发 音时间，如big grapes 当与小组合时，与成为舌侧爆破音，如glad；/g/在鼻音前时，爆破不在口腔，而在鼻腔，如pig and goat;后跟前元音时，发音部位前移，如geese;位于圆唇音之前时，发音时亦呈圆唇，如goose.爆破音方法小结:发音时，气流在口腔和鼻腔两处受到完全的阻 碍。当口腔突然打开时，气流冲出口腔，形成爆破 音。失去爆破和不完全爆破 失去爆破和不完全爆破现象可以出现在同一单 词中，如 notebook/neutbuk/也可以出现在两个单词之间，如goodmorning/gud mo:nii）/o 6个爆破音/p,b,t,d,k,g/跟所有辅音（26个）相连，都会失去爆破或不完全爆破。Loss of stops失去爆破book keeperhand bagblack boardsit downused tothat timered carbookkeeper handbag blackboard sit down used to that time a red car“爆破音+爆破音”：失去爆破 6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音受失 去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍 做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。实际上只有后一个爆破音发音。For example:bookkeeper/bukki:pa/blackboard/blaekbazd/sit down/sitdaun/that time/daettaim/handbag/haendbaeg/September/saptemba/used to/ju:sdtu/a red car/aredka:/Loss of stops失去爆破1.The girl in the re(d)coat was on a bla(ck)bike jus(t)now.2.The bi(g)bus from the fa(c)tory is full of people.3.Wha(t)time does he get up every morning?4.This is an ol(d)pi(c)ture of a bi(g)car.5.The ol(d)do(c)tor has a ca(t)5 too.6.Were going to work on a farm nex(t)Tuesday.7.What would you like,ho(t)tea or bla(ck)coffee?8.Its a very col(d)daybut its a goo(d)day.9.You can put i(t)down in the bi(g)garden.io.I bought a chea(p)book,but its a goo(d)book.不完全爆破:当一个爆破音后面紧跟着一个摩擦音、破擦音、鼻辅音或舌边音时，前面的爆破音只作部分爆 破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，作好发音的姿势,刚发出时，立即过渡到第二个音上去。第一个爆破音发出的声音是非常轻微的，有时 甚至听不出来。这种现象叫做不完全爆破。1.爆破音+摩擦音/破擦音:不完全爆破（摩擦音 10个：/f,v,a,6,s,zj,3,r,h/）（破擦音6个：/ts,trdr,t d3/）例如/t tf,td3,d tj,dd3,p 也 pd3,g tf,gd3/等。这样的 组合出现时，前面的爆破音就要不完全爆破。例如：picture/pik.tf e/big jug/bigdjAr/good child fgud tfaild/that joke fdaet djeuk/爆破音+鼻辅音/舌边音一不完全爆破（鼻辅音3个：/m,n,9/）（舌边音1个：/I/）例如：good morning fgud、mo:nir/big nation/、big、neijen/mad man fmaed maen/correct note/k erekt、neut/不完全爆破：phrases white chalk great change loud cheers a good try a bit dry a second choice a black jacket a good job a big tree a hard journey a fast train a cold drink attend meetings not mine dont know not now good night quite near a loud noise an important matter different meaning good news urgent needs a good memory不完全爆破：sentences Goo(d)morning,Mr.Bell.Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te)near to the cinema.I wen(t)there alone a(t)nine las(t)night.-Do you know his bi(ke)number?-Sorry,I don(t)know,The forty-firs(t)lesson is qui(te)difficult.Goo(d)luck,Lin Tao.