英语被动语态ppt.ppt

Passive voice被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构构成，时态通过成，时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHis brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.改为被动语态n nThey play football on Sunday.n nLucy does the homework in the evening.n nThey often use computers in class.n nWe make these machines in China.n nPeople speak English as the first language in UK.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made by us in China.English is spoken as the first language in UK.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.n nThey built the tall building last year.n nHe took good care of his little brother yesterday.n nWe cleaned our classroom just now.n nThey used this room for resting.n nThey planted many trees years ago.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时S+was/were+过去分词过去分词Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.n nWe will have a sports meeting next week.n nChildren will take some photos on the playground tomorrow.n nThe headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.n nThe farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring.n nUncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children on the playground tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词4Amy can take good care of Tina Tina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can be used7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them下列时态的被动语态构成下列时态的被动语态构成 We have finished our compositions.We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词总结：总结：总结：总结：各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在完成时：现在完成时：情态动词：情态动词：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 时态时态 主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态一般现在时一般现在时V.(原形原形)/V.(e)sam/is/are+V.pp一般过去时一般过去时V.-ed/madewas/were+V.pp一般将来时一般将来时will+V.(原形原形)will+be+V.pp含情态动词含情态动词情态动词情态动词+V.(原形原形)情态动词情态动词+be+V.pp主动语态变被动语态口诀主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，宾语提前主语变，原主变宾原主变宾by后见，后见，时态人称时态人称be关键。关键。何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：说出动作的执行者时。例如：Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：执行者时。例如：My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如：Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：He was born in October，1989 主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况:一、一、使役动词使役动词和和感官动词感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，加上，这类动词有：这类动词有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。等。1)I heard him sing last night.He was heard to sing last night.2)We saw him walk into the building.He was seen to walk into the building.3)The boss made them work 10 hours a day.They were made to work 10 hours a day.make sb.dosee sb.dohear sb.dolet sb.dowatch sb.do be made to do be seen to dosb.be heard to do be let to do be watched to do主动被动考点三含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 1)Someone gave the boy an apple.(间接宾语)(直接宾语)An apple(物)was given_ the boy.The boy（人was given an apple.2)His father bought him a present.A present（物）was bought _him.He（人）was bought a present.to forgive sb.sth.pass sb.sth.sell sb.sth.make sb.sth.buy sb.sth.be given to sb.be passed to sb.be sold to sb.Sth be made for sb.be bought for sb.主动被动【考点四考点四】look for look aftertake care ofhand inlaugh atspeak tobe looked forbe looked afterbe taken care ofbe handed inbe laughed atbe spoken to不要漏掉介词不要漏掉介词.Lily took care of the baby.The baby was taken care of by Lily.主动被动小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时，不能丢掉其中的_。介词或副词历届中考试题小试身手历届中考试题小试身手1 What a nice garden!-It _ every day.A is cleaning B has cleaned C must clean D is cleaned 2The computers _ to the village school as presents last month.A are given B given C were given D gave 3 It is reported that the Underground Line No.3 _ in Nanjing in 2016.A will build B has built C will be built D has been built 4.The letter is _ in French.I cant read it.A writing B written C wrote D writes5.When _this kind of computer_?-Last year.A did,use B was,used C is,used D are,used6.Thousands of trees over the mountains _ by the farmers last year.A planted B was planted C were planted D will plant7.The medicine_ in a dry and cool place A keep B must keep C must be kept D must be keep 8.This dictionary mustnt_ from the library A take away B taken awayC are taken away D be taken away9.No one knows how the huge rocks_ and _without our modern machines eight hundred years ago A are cut；moved B were cut；move C are cut；moving D were cut；moved 10.Look at the sign on the right.Oh,parking _here.A doesnt allow B isnt allowed C didnt allow D wasnt allowed11.Did you go to Sams weekend party?No,I _.A am not invited B wasnt invited C havent invited D didnt invited12.The telephone_by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.A was invented B has been invented C is invented D will be invented13.Last year,Li Hua,a college student,_ to work for the Olympic Games.A is choosing B is chosen C was choosing D was chosen14.When you leave the room,make sure the door _.A was locked B is lockedC will be locked D should be locked15.I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up.Thats great.Chinese teachers _ in China and some foreign countries.A need B are needing C are needed D will need16.English _ in many countries,but Chinese_ their own language.A is spoken,speaks B speaks,is spoken C is spoken,is spoken D is spoken,speak17.The skirt looks different from others and it is nice.Thanks.It _ by my mother last month.A made B is made C has been made D was made18.The children _ to swim last month and they can swim very well now.A are taught B were taught C have taught D taught19.What should we do first if we want to develop our village?-A lot of new roads _,I think.A have to build B must build C have built D must be built20.James is my friend.He _Jim for short.A calls B is called C called D is calling21.Twenty students in this University _ to Australia to study last year,and more students are expecting to have the chance next year.A are sent B were sent C will send D.sendThats all.