土木工程材料英文词汇.doc

(完整版)土木工程材料英文词汇chapt1 Introduction1Road Engineering Materials道路工程材料2billingual双语3material science材料科学4interdisciplinary各学科间的，跨学科5chemistry化学6physics物理7metallurgy冶金学8construction施工，建设,建筑物9structure结构，构造，建筑物10foundation基础11to a great extent在很大程度上12engineering quality工程质量13applicability适用性14Durability耐久性15Safety安全性16Economy经济性17Beauty美观18grasp理解19property性质，性能,所有权20proportion比例，使成比例21aggregate集料，骨料22lime石灰23cement水泥24bitumen沥青25steel钢铁26wood木材27design设计28mixture混合料29concrete混凝土30sand砂31Mortar砂浆32Asphalt concrete沥青混凝土33penetration针入度34ductility延度35Natural materials自然材料36Artificial materials人工材料37Modern materials现代材料38Gravel 碎石，砾石39Inorganic binder 无机结合料，无机黏结剂40Organic binder 有机结合料，有机胶结料41compound化合物,混合物42High polymer高分子聚合物43Physical property物理性能44Density密度45Porosity孔隙率46Void content空隙率47Moisture content含水量48Specific gravity比重49Permeability渗透性50Structure构造51micro 微观52macro宏观53Texture质地,纹理,本质54Color颜色55Shape形状56evaluat评估,评价57appearance外观58weight质量59Semirigid base 半刚性基层60lime stabilized soil石灰稳定土61Mechanical properties力学性能，机械性能62Chemical properties化学性能63Deformation变形64stiffness刚度65Strength强度66Tension张力，拉力67compression压力，压缩，压迫68shear剪切，剪力，修剪69flexure弯曲70torsion扭力，转矩71impact冲击力72Elastic modulus弹性模量73Brittleness脆性、脆度74plasticity塑形,可塑性75ductility延性，延展性76pertain为固有的,与有关系的77composition构成，成分78Acidity酸度79Alkalinity 碱度80corrosion腐蚀,侵蚀81force力82load荷载83stress应力84external forces外力85internal forces内力86consecutive连续，连贯87particle粒子，微粒88proportional成比例的89Equilibrium平衡90unit area单位面积91imaginary section假定的截面92Tensile stress拉应力 93Compressive stress压应力94Shearing stress剪应力95Bending stress弯曲应力96Axial轴的;轴向的97Strain应变98Poissons ratio泊松比99lateral侧面的，横向的100lateral strain横向应变101axial strain轴向应变102ductile易延展的，延性的，易变形的103Rubber橡胶104Wrought iron熟铁105elastic弹性的，有弹性的106Brick砖块107Glass玻璃108Carry prescribed loads满足规定荷载109aesthetically审美的，美学观点的110economically practical经济上可行111environmentally friendly环境友好112Standard标准，规格113application应用，用途，应用程序114inspection检查，视察115Denotation指示chapt2 Aggregates序号英文单词汉语释义认识填1 不认识填01plaster灰泥2grout水泥浆3filter bed过滤层4railroad ballast铁路道碴5base course基层6foundation fill填方地基7subgrade路基8Crushed stone碎石9blast-furnace鼓风炉10slag炉渣;矿渣；熔渣11Fine aggregate细集料12Coarse aggregate粗集料13diameter直径14Lightweight aggregate轻骨料15Normalweight aggregate常重骨料16Heavyweight aggregate重骨料17Bulk density容积密度、堆积密度18masonry砖石建筑、圬工19Pumice浮石20Scoria矿渣21Tuff凝灰岩22expanded shale膨胀页岩，胀性页岩23expanded clay膨胀土24expanded Slate胀性板岩25Fly ash粉煤灰26subbase底基层27Gradation级配28Fineness细度，纯度；细微;优雅29Fineness modulus细度模量30Modulus of elasticity弹性模量，弹性模数31distilled water 蒸馏水32Oven dry 烘干,干燥33Air dry风干，自然干燥34Saturate浸透的，饱和的；vt。 浸透,使湿透；使饱和，使充满35Saturated surface dry 饱和面干,表干36Wet37reference参考38Effective absorption有效吸收39surface moisture表面含水量40versus对；与.。相对；对抗41Formula公式42Bulk specific gravity毛体积比重43permeable pores 开口孔隙44impermeable 闭口孔隙45Apparent specific gravity表观比重46Porosity孔隙率47Bulk density堆积密度48Loose density松散密度49Dense-graded aggregate密级配集料50Open-graded aggregate开级配集料51Sieve筛子52Sieve Analysis筛分53Single remainder分计筛余54Accumulative remainder累计筛余55Passing percentage通过百分率56Coarse sand粗砂57Median sand 中砂58Fine sand细砂59Uniaxial compression strength单轴抗压强度60Aggregate crushing value压碎值61Abrasion value 磨耗值62Los Angeles Abrasion Test洛杉矶磨耗试验63scrap刮64wear穿著，磨损，耐久性；磨耗65friction摩擦66Continuous gradation连续级配67Gap gradation 间断级配68Grading curve 级配曲线69Theory of maximum density curve最大密度曲线理论 70Theory of particle interference粒子干涉理论 71mathematically数学上的72abscissa横坐标73ordinate纵坐标74gradation region级配范围75Mix design of aggregate矿质混合料的组成设计76Graphical图解的77coordinate坐标；同等的人或物；并列的；同等的78Overlap重叠79adjacent邻近的80Conterminous相接的,连接的81Deviation分离82Trial and error method试算法83diagonal对角线84compositive合成chapt3 Lime and Cement序号英文单词汉语释义1Lime石灰2agent药剂3Inorganic binding agent无机胶凝材料4Nonhydraulic binding agent 非水硬性胶凝材料5air-hardening binding agent气硬性胶凝材料6transform改变,转化7Road subbase道路底基层8Lime stabilized soil石灰稳定土9Lime and cement stabilized soil石灰水泥稳定土10Lime and fly ash stabilized soil石灰粉煤灰稳定土11Road base基层12Lime and fly ash stabilized aggregates石灰粉煤灰稳定碎石，二灰碎石13Lime and cement stabilized aggregates石灰水泥稳定碎石14Lime mortar石灰砂浆15Manufacture technics生产工艺16Raw未加工的，生的17Raw materials原材料18Limestone石灰石19dolomite白云石20chalkstone方解石21Hydrated lime熟石灰22clump 块23powder粉末24ingredient成分 25Chemical ingredient化学成分26Dryly hardened process干燥硬化27Carbonized hardened process碳化28Purity纯度29equivalent相等的,等效的；当量30Calcium carbonate equivalent 碳酸钙当量，CCE31laboratory试验室32Dry sieve analysis干砂筛析33Effective content of （CaO+MgO）有效氧化钙氧化镁含量34Content of residue未消化残渣含量35residue残渣,剩余,滤渣36Portland Cement波特兰水泥37Calcium钙38Silica硅39Alumina铝40Iron铁41slurry泥浆，悬浮液42flash furnace闪速炉43gypsum石膏44Grinding磨的，刺耳的，令人难以忍受的45micron微米463CaOSiO2碳酸三钙472CaO SiO2硅酸二钙483CaO Al2O3铝酸三钙494CaO Al2O3 Fe2O3铁铝酸四钙50Clinker熟料51Setting凝结52Hardening硬化53Specific surface比表面积54Hydration水化55Consistency稠度56Vicat apparatus自动水泥维卡仪57apparatus设备，仪器58Initial set初凝59Final set终凝60sustain维持61Setting time凝结时间62Hardening硬化63Initial set time初凝时间64Final set time终凝时间chapt4 Concrete and Mortar序号英文单词汉语释义1fresh concrete新拌水泥混凝土2Mixing拌合3Placing 浇筑4Curing养护5Portland Cement ConcretePCC，波特兰水泥混凝土6moist潮湿7plastic可塑8consistency稠度9Volumetric体积的10proportion比例11constituent成分12cement paste水泥浆13apparent density表观密度14Workability工作性，和易性15Segregation离析16Bleeding泌水17Slump坍落度18Mobility流动性19Compatibility相容性,保水性20cone圆锥体、圆锥21procedure程序手段22Strike撞击23excess超过，多余24displacement移位25original center原始中心，初始中心26specimen样本27uniformly一致地28plasticity可塑性29cohesion黏合性30Collapse倒塌31Mass concrete大块混凝土、无钢筋混凝土32WatertoCement ratio 水灰比33Admixtures 外加剂、掺和剂34Waterreducing admixture减水剂35airentraining admixture引气剂36wind speed风速37Temperature温度38humidity湿度39Nonhomogeneity不均匀性40Excessive过度的41Rock pocket /honeycomb 蜂窝42Sand streaks砂条纹，起砂43Crazing 龟裂44Surface scaling 表面剥落45vibration振动46vertically垂直的47lean倾斜48premature未成熟的，不成熟的;比预期早的49Aircontent气含量50horizontal水平51Consolidate巩固、加强、强化52adequately充分的、充足的53Trim修剪；整理；装点；修剪；整齐；情形54Depositing Concrete摊铺混凝土55perimeter周长56Baffle”挡板57Shallow hopper浅料斗58headroom净空59equivalent等价物、等价的60slip form paver 滑膜摊铺机61dump trucks自卸车62evenly均匀的63Curb/Curb and Gutter路缘石、排水沟64hopper料斗，漏斗65Reinforced加筋的66cold joint冷接67penetration渗透、穿入、洞察力68rigid硬化69systematic系统的70interval间隔71Subsidence下沉、陷落72Screeding 刮平73Floating 抹平74Troweling 抹光75Tining 拉毛76slight脆弱的、轻视、轻微的77imperfections不完美、瑕疵78hump隆起79Age 龄期80adequate充足的81neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略82Watertightness 防水、不透水性、水密性83Abrasion磨损、磨耗84Abrasion resistance 耐磨性85Freeze-thaw 冻融86Freezethaw resistance 耐冻融性87Volume stability体积稳定性88Spray喷涂；喷雾；喷洒89fogging雾化90Saturated wet coverings饱水覆盖物91Evaporation蒸发92Plastic sheets塑料薄膜93Live steam流通的蒸汽94Heating coils加热线圈95Electrically heated forms or pads 电加热格框或板96Deformation 变形97Shrinkage收缩、降低98Creep徐变；蠕变 爬行99Durability耐久性100impermeability不渗透性101Compressive strength抗压强度102Tensile strength抗拉强度103Flexural strength弯曲强度104resist抵抗，忍受105corrosive腐蚀的106substance物质、主旨107usability可用性108appearance外观，外貌109in short总而言之110antipermeability抗渗性111Frost resistance 抗冻性112anticorrosion防腐蚀113anti-carbonate抗碳化性114anti-abrasion耐磨耗115resistance to alkali-aggregate reaction抗碱集料反应116alkaliaggregate reaction碱集料反应117Deteriorate恶化118destruction破坏119previously以前、预先120budget预算121Guaranteeing担保、保证chapt5 Bituminous Materials序号英文单词汉语释义1Petroleum石油2Spray applications喷射技术 喷洒技术3viscous黏性的 粘的4cementitious胶结的5hydrocarbons烃, 碳氢化合物6soluble可溶的,可溶解的7disulfide二硫化物8Nonvolatile非易失性的；非挥发性的9Nontoxic无毒的10possess控制，持有、具有11adhere黏合12impermeability不渗透性13water resistance不透水性14roadways pavements道路铺面15roofing屋顶、盖屋顶16felt粘结17caulking堵缝、压紧、嵌缝的18waterproofing防水、防水剂19wallboard墙板、壁板20building paper建筑用纸、防潮纸21paints绘画颜料、绘画作品、油漆、涂膜剂22coating涂料,涂层23belowgrade低于一般标准的24Tar焦油；柏油25pitch热解沥青，沥青26distillation蒸馏、净化27coal煤炭28undergo经历、忍受29destructive破坏的,毁灭的30distillation 干馏31condensate冷凝物、浓缩物32processing加工、处理33yield出产、产量、收益34 residue残渣、剩余35vaporize蒸发36refine精炼，提纯，改善37oven炉，灶，烤箱38be reduced to 分解为、简化为、还原为、减小为39Tar pitches 焦油沥青40builtup组合、拼合41waterproofing防水42underground地下43retaining wall挡土墙44dam大坝45experience经历、体验46fluctuation波动、起伏47withstand抵抗、反抗48brittle易碎的，脆弱的49cementitious胶结的50predominant主要的，卓越的51constituent成分52deposit沉淀；使沉积；存放53Natural rock asphalts自然岩沥青 54sandstone砂岩55limestone石灰岩56Native天然的,本土的，与生俱来的57lake asphalts湖沥青58Trinidad特立尼达岛59West Indies西印度群岛60silt淤泥，泥沙61clay黏土62organic有机的63Venezuela委内瑞拉64Bermudez贝穆德斯65Asphalt cements沥青膏，沥青胶结料，沥青胶泥66Cutback asphalts稀释沥青67Emulsified asphalts乳化沥青68Airblown asphalts氧化沥青69flexible pavement柔性路面70insulation绝缘、隔离、孤立71canal lining渠道衬砌72subgrade路基73migration迁移，移动74sticky粘的，粘性的75quality质量;品质；特性；才能76consistency稠度77manufacture制造78separation分离79crude原油、天然的80solvent溶剂81diluent稀释剂、冲淡剂82Slow-curing慢凝83Mediumcuring中凝84Rapid-curing快凝85volatility挥发性、易变、活泼86viscosity粘度87diesel oil柴油88cold laid pavement bases冷铺路面基层89kerosene煤油90diluent稀释，稀释剂91plant mixed厂拌92mixed in place路拌93naphtha挥发油94gasoline汽油95emulsifying agent乳化剂96Soap肥皂97water-soluble chemicals 水溶的化学物质98fine clay细黏土99damp 潮湿的100excess额外的101drain排水,消耗102eliminate消除排除103elimination消除,淘汰104distillates石油蒸馏物105pollution污染106suspend悬浮、推迟107susceptible易得病的、易受影响的108be washed off洗净109emulsion乳剂110contamination污染、玷污111oxidized asphalt 氧化沥青112Ductile可塑性、柔软的；易教导的;易延展的113joint fillers填缝料114mineral rubber矿物胶、矿物橡胶115Adhesion粘附；支持；固守；粘附性116Rate of curing 凝结速率117Ductility 延度118Aging and hardening 老化及硬化119Resistance to reaction with water 抗水反应性 水敏感性120Temperature susceptibility 感温性121Rutting 车辙122fatigue cracking 疲劳开裂123fluidity流动性、易变性124particular 详细说明,详细的,独有的，特定125Viscosity粘度，黏滞性126Penetration针入度；渗透、突破，浸入127Viscosity of asphalt沥青粘度128linearly成直线的，在线上的129viscoelastic粘弹性的130resistance阻力131measurement测量、尺度132Absolute viscosity绝对黏度,动力粘度133Kinematic viscosity运动粘度134constant常数135fluctuate波动、涨落、动摇136coefficient系数、率137rate of shear剪切速度138Capillary tube viscometer毛细管黏度计139Vacuum capillary tube viscometer真空减压毛细管粘度计140Vacuum真空 141truncate缩短的，平头的，切去顶端的,使成平面142sewing 缝纫的143Melt融化144Softening Point软化点145Volatilization蒸发,挥发146mix design混合料设计147workmanship工艺，手艺，技巧148thinfilm oven test 薄膜烘箱试验,TFOT149rolling thin-film oven test旋转薄膜烘箱试验，RTFOT150Revolutions Per Minute每分钟转数151Weight loss determined质量损失率152Rack齿条、机架153Pressure Aging VesselPAV，压力老化154Vessel容器，器皿155Ductility 延度156stretch伸直,舒展157draw拉伸,拉,拖158Water bath 水浴159Extension rate拉伸率160compatibility兼容161Low temperature cracking 低温断裂162thermoplastic热塑性序号英文单词汉语释义1bituminous mixture沥青混合料2Asphalt Concrete沥青混凝土3Hotmixed asphalt mixture 热拌沥青混合料（HMA）4Constituent成分5Screenings矿粉6High temperature stability 高温稳定性7Low temperature crack resistance低温抗裂性v 8Durability 耐久性9Skid resistance 抗滑性10Construction workability 施工和易性11Bituminous cohesion沥青粘聚力12mutual共同的13Marshall test 马歇尔试验14VB stability test VB稳定性试验15Triaxial Shear test三轴剪切试验16Wheel rut test 轮辙试验,车辙试验17shrinkage收缩18Repeated load重复荷载19fatigue cracking疲劳开裂20Embrittlement脆度21Shrinkage at low temperature低温收缩变形22mineral material gradation矿料级配组成23specimen样本，试件24cylinder圆柱的25stiffness modulus劲度模量26the index of temperature shrinkage 温度收缩系数27atmosphere大气，空气28isolation离析29Marshall Mix Design Method马歇尔混合料设计方法30Criteria 标准,条件31Density 密度32Voids 空隙率33Void filled with asphalt饱和度,VFA34Stability 稳定度35Flow 流值