必修三重点句型.doc

Unit 1 Festivals around the World 重点句型讲解
1. (教材原句)At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.
翻译：在那个时代，特别是在寒冷的冬月，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿。
【句法分析】food was difficult to find是一个“主语+be+形容词+不定式”的句式，不定式常用主动形式表示被动含义，类似的形容词有：light, heavy, difficult, hard, easy, interesting, dangerous等
翻译：
①英语难以在短时间内学好。
English is difficult to learn in a short time.
②这种工作队他们来说是很容易做的。
This kind of job is very easy to deal with.
③这把椅子看上去很硬，但事实上坐上去很舒服。
The chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very comfortable to sit on.

2. (教材原句)On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bone”on them.
翻译：在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。
【句法分析】with+宾语（bones）+宾补(on them)复合结构作cakes 的定语。
【归纳拓展】with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，这一结构在句中既可以作状语，表示行为方式或伴随、时间、原因、条件等，也可以作定语。with复合结构中的宾语补足语有多种表达形式：
adj./adv.
with+ 宾语+宾补+ prep,-phrase
v. –ing /-ed
to do
翻译：
①他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
He likes to sleep with the window open.

②由于钥匙丢了，他只好在门外等。
With the key lost, he had to wait outside the door.
③因为有许多作业要做，所以汤姆不想和我一起外出。
With a lot of homework to do, Tom didn’t want to go out with me.

3.(教材原句)The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
翻译：(樱花节里)整个国家都是盛开的樱花，看上起就像盖了一层粉红色的雪。
【句法分析】as though (as if)“仿佛，好像”，引导方式状语从句或者表语从句。
【归纳拓展】
（1）as though/if 后面的从句可用虚拟语气，表示一种假设或一种不大可能的事。常放在look， sound， smell, feel等动词的后面。从句表示与现在的事实相反时，谓语动词一般用过去时；表示与过去事实相反时，用had +过去分词；若表示将来可能性不大的情况，用would/could/might+动词原形。
（2）as though (as if)后面的从句有时也用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的、可能被设想为真实的或事实。
（3）如果as though引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构，也可省略主语和系动词，只保留as though后的名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或者分词等。翻译：
①她看起来好像年轻了十岁。
She looks as if she were ten years younger.
②她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他亲生母亲。
She loves the boy as if she were his mother.
③天似乎要下雨了。
It looks as though/if it is going to rain.
④汤姆举起手好像要说什么。
Tom raised his hand as if (he was) to say something.

4. (教材原句)It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave-he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV-just what Li Fang needed!
翻译：很明显，咖啡屋的经理在等李方离开-他擦好桌子,然后坐下来，打开电视机。这正合了李方的意！
【句法分析】It was obvious that…很明显……,
在此句中it为形式主语，that引导的句子为正真的主语。
翻译：
①显而易见，老板对这项计划评价很高。
It was obvious that the boss thinks highly of the plan.
②一看便知，他过着幸福的生活。
It was obvious to everyone that he leads a happy life.
【归纳拓展】
It’s +过去分词（said/reported/decided）+that…
It +seems/happens +that… 据说/据报道/……决定
It is a pity that… 很遗憾
It is well known that… 众所周知……
翻译：
③众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。
It is well known that the earth moves around the sun.
④大家决定把会议推迟到下周一。
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.

5. (教材原句)“…I don’t want them to remind me of her.” So he did.
翻译：“……我不想因为它们而想起她来。”于是他把花和巧克力都扔了。

【句法分析】So he did.意为“他的确这样做了。”
“So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词”用来表示同意上文所述的内容，意味“的确如此；确实如此。”

例子：
① —She is a cute girl.她是个可爱的女孩。
—So she is. 确实是。
②—It is very hot today.今天很热。
—So it is.的确如此。
【归纳拓展】
(1)“So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语”这一倒装结构用来表示上文所述的肯定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，意“……也一样”。
(2)“主语+助动词+so”意为“这样做了。”
翻译：
约翰喜欢听音乐。我也喜欢。
John likes to listen to music. So do I.
汤姆唱歌唱得很好。他妹妹也一样。
Tom can sing well. So can his sister.

6. (教材原句)While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
翻译：她在人间遇到了牛郎，两个人相爱了。
【句法分析】这是一个复合句，while在句子中引导时间状语从句。
【归纳拓展】while的不同用法
（1）当……的时候；（2）只要；
（3）胆识；可是； （4）虽然；尽管
翻译：
①她听着收音机睡着了。
While she was listening to radio, she fell asleep.
②那个男孩擅长数学他妹妹擅长语文。
The boy is good at math while his sister is good at Chinese.
③尽管我明白你的话，但我不是不同意。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.